Agricultural production
February's estimate accounts for crops of 323.8 million tonnes in 2025, with records in cotton and soybeans
March 13, 2025 09h00 AM | Last Updated: March 13, 2025 02h12 PM
The Brazilian crops of cereals, legumes and oilseeds are expected to reach a record 323.8 million tonnes in 2025, according to the February estimate of the Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (LSPA), released today (13) by the IBGE. This result is 10.6%, or 31.1 million tonnes, higher than the crop obtained in 2024 (292.7 million tonnes) and 0.5% lower (1.6 million tonnes) than the January 2025 estimate.
The area to be harvested is expected to reach 81.0 million hectares, an increase of 2.4% compared to the area harvested in 2024 (1.9 million hectares more). Compared to the previous month, the area to be harvested increased by 28,921 hectares (0.0%).
Regarding production, cotton and soybeans are expected to break records in 2025. The estimate for cotton production is 9.0 million tonnes, an increase of 1.8% compared to the 2024 crop and an increase of 0.2% (19,979 tonnes) compared to January. While soybeans recorded an increase of 13.4% compared to last year's crop, reaching 164.4 million tonnes. Compared to January, there was a decline of 1.3% or 2.2 million tonnes. Regarding corn, the production estimate was 124.8 million tonnes, an increase of 0.5% compared to the estimate for the previous month (January) and 8.8% compared to the volume produced in 2024.
Compared to January, there were increases in the production estimates for canephora coffee (1.5% or 15,482 tonnes), oats (1.2% or 12,300 tonnes), rice (0.7% or 81,765 tonnes), second-crop corn (0.6% or 579,011 tonnes), second-crop potatoes (0.3% or 4,069 tonnes) and first-crop corn (0.2% or 60,279 tonnes), but there were declines in the production estimates for first-crop potatoes (-4.8% or -100,154 tonnes) and first-crop beans (-1.9% or 23 577 t), grapes (-1.7% or -34,385 t), sorghum (-1.6% or -67,695 t), soybeans (-1.3% or -2,174,276 t), 2nd crop beans (-1.1% or -15,292 t), wheat (-0.6% or -40,255 t), 3rd crop beans (-0.3% or -2,090 t), 3rd crop potatoes (-0.1% or -735 t), Arabica coffee (-0.1% or -1,426 t) and barley (-0.0% or -100 t).
Survey manager Carlos Barradas explained the drop in the soybean estimate from January to February. “There were losses recorded in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, due to the lack of rainfalls at the beginning of the year”, explained Mr. Barradas. The five Major Regions had an increase in production estimates: Central-West (10.7%), South (11.7%), Southeast (12.1%), Northeast (10.2%) and North (3.5%). Regarding the monthly change, production increased in the Northeast (0.3%), Southeast (1.2%) and Central-West (0.6%), while the North (-0.1%) and South (-3.2%) Regions showed declines. Mato Grosso leads as the largest national grain producer, with a share of 29.8%, followed by Paraná (13.6%), Goiás (11.5%), Rio Grande do Sul (11.4%), Mato Grosso do Sul (7.9%) and Minas Gerais (5.6%), which together accounted for 79.8% of the total. Regarding regional shares, the distribution is as follows: Central-West (49.4%), South (27.0%), Southeast (9.0%), Northeast (8.8%) and North (5.8%).
The main positive absolute changes in production estimates, in relation to the previous month, occurred in Goiás (940,856 t), Minas Gerais (341,149 t), Paraná (284,300 t), Bahia (76,400 t), Maranhão (15,655 t), Tocantins (4,521 t), Pernambuco (4,018 t), Amapá (835 t) and Piauí (253 t), while the negative changes occurred in Rio Grande do Sul (-3,214,922 t), Rondônia (-26,497 t), Alagoas (-771 t) and Rio de Janeiro (-265 t).
About the LSPA
Implemented in November 1972 with the purpose of meeting user demands for monthly statistical information, LSPA provides estimates of planted area, harvested area, quantity produced and average yield of products selected based on their economic and social importance for the country. It allows not only the monitoring of each crop investigated, from the planting intention phase until the end of the harvest, in the reference calendar year, but also the forecast for the following year's harvest, for which the survey is carried out in the months of October, November and December. Users can access data on Sidra. The next LSPA release will be on April 10.
