• Highlights

• O valor de produção dos principais produtos de origem animal alcançou R$ 121,1 bilhões em 2024, enquanto a aquicultura respondeu por R$ 11,7 bilhões, crescimentos de 8,2% e 15,4%, respectivamente.
• O país contabilizou 238,2 milhões de cabeças de gado, queda de 0,2%, mas segundo maior número da série histórica, superado apenas por 2023.
• A produção de leite atingiu 35,7 bilhões de litros, novo recorde, movimentando R$ 87,5 bilhões. Apesar disso, o número de vacas ordenhadas caiu para o menor nível desde 1979, indicando aumento da produtividade. Castro (PR) lidera entre os municípios na produção de leite.
• O efetivo nacional de galináceos chegou a 1,6 bilhão e de galinhas a 277,5 milhões, ambos recordes. Santa Maria de Jetibá (ES) lidera em ambos os efetivos.
• Com predominância do Nordeste, os rebanhos de caprinos e ovinos alcançaram recordes históricos em 2024: 13,3 milhões e 21,9 milhões de animais, respectivamente, com destaque para Bahia e Pernambuco. O município de Casa Nova (BA) lidera os dois efetivos.
• O país produziu 5,4 bilhões de dúzias de ovos, alta de 8,6% em relação a 2023. Trata-se do maior volume desde o início da série histórica, em 1999. Santa Maria do Jetibá (ES) lidera entre os municípios;
• A produção nacional de mel atingiu 67,3 milhões de quilos, maior valor já registrado, com o Nordeste respondendo por 39,4% do total. O Piauí, segundo maior produtor, atrás do Paraná,lidera a produção na Região. Santa Luzia do Paruá (MA) lidera entre os municípios;
• A piscicultura cresceu 10,3%, somando 724,9 mil toneladas, com a tilápia representando quase 70% da produção. Já a produção de camarão atingiu 146,8 mil toneladas. Morada Nova de Minas (MG) é o município com a maior produção de peixes, enquanto Aracati (CE) lidera na produção de camarão.

The production value in the 2024 PPM reached R$132.8 billion, an increase of 8.8% compared to the previous year. The animal products surveyed in the survey (cow's milk, chicken and quail eggs, honey, silkworm cocoons) reached R$121.1 billion, an increase of 8.2% compared to 2023, and aquaculture items accounted for R$11.7 billion, an increase of 15.4%.

The cattle population reached 238.2 million head in 2024, the second-highest in the time series that began in 1974, surpassed only by the total recorded in 2023. During the year, Brazil achieved record numbers in the slaughter of cattle, hogs and pigs, and chickens, according to the IBGE's Quarterly Survey of Animal Slaughter, as well as in the export of fresh meat from these species, according to results from the Secretariat of Foreign Trade (Secex), of the Ministry of Development, Industry, Trade, and Services.

Regarding the 0.2% negative change in the cattle population from one year to the next, PPM analyst Mariana Oliveira explains: "In this case, the decline in cattle is due to the livestock cycle. For some years, the slaughter of females has been high, due to the prices of calves and the arroba, which discouraged the retention of females for breeding, so a reduction in the herd was expected."

The 2024 Municipal Livestock Survey, released today (18) by the IBGE, provided this and other information on livestock, animal products, and aquaculture in the country, which is also available on the survey page on the IBGE Portal and on Sidra.

Among the municipalities, São Félix do Xingu (Pará) remains the leader in cattle production, with an estimated herd of 2.5 million head, representing 1.1% of the Brazilian total. Next in line are Corumbá (Mato Grosso do Sul), Porto Velho (Rondônia), Cáceres (Mato Grosso), and Marabá (Pará). Combined, these five municipalities account for 3.9% of the national cattle herd, totaling 9.2 million animals.

Milk production reached a new record, reaching 35.7 billion liters, an increase of 1.4% compared to the previous year. While milk production increased, the number of cows milked decreased. 15.1 million cows were milked, 2.8% less than in 2023, making this total number of cows milked the lowest recorded since 1979.

Milk production grows for the second consecutive year

In 2024, the estimated production of cow's milk was 35.7 billion liters. This represents a 1.4% increase in national production. The estimated milk production value in 2024 was R$87.5 billion, a 9.4% increase compared to 2023. The estimated average price paid to producers was R$2.45 per liter of milk, a 7.9% increase compared to the R$2.31 paid the previous year.

"Over the years, the South and Southeast regions have alternated in leading the country's milk production. Currently, the Southeast leads after three years of the South region's leadership," explained Mariana Oliveira. In the South, productivity is the distinguishing factor; the region has the highest milk production per cow in the country. The Southeast region leads in the number of cows milked, with Minas Gerais standing out, accounting for about a quarter of national milk production.

The municipality of Castro (Paraná) once again topped the rankings, with 484.4 million liters, a 6.7% increase over the previous year. Carambeí (Paraná) maintained the second place with 293.1 million liters, and Patos de Minas (Minas Gerais) took third place with 226.9 million liters.

Driven by the South region, the number of poultry and hens reaches a new record

An estimated 1.6 billion head of poultry in Brazil, a 1.7% increase over the previous year, equivalent to 26.8 million additional animals. In 2024, chicken slaughter also set a new record, according to the IBGE Quarterly Survey of Animal Slaughter, with increases of 2.7% in head and 2.4% in carcass weight. The national chicken population also reached a record, with 277.5 million head, an increase of 6.8%.

The Southern Region has maintained its position as having the largest chicken population since 1983, accounting for 47.3% of the total in 2024. This leadership is driven by the relevance of the southern states, especially Paraná, which has led the poultry industry since 2006 and contributed with 28.8% to the total in this edition of the survey. Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina rank as the third and fourth largest, with 9.8% and 8.7%, respectively.

São Paulo, with the second-largest state invntory (13.0% of the national total), and Minas Gerais, with the fifth-largest (8.2%), together contributed an increase of 14.9 million head compared to the previous year.

Santa Maria de Jetibá (Espírito Santo), the municipality with the largest poultry inventory, recorded an increase of over 2 million animals in 2024. Of this increase, 90.7% were chickens, reinforcing its municipal leadership in this population since 2015, totaling 14.9 million chickens in 2024. São Bento do Una (Pernambuco), Bastos (São Paulo), Toledo (Paraná), and Uberlândia (Minas Gerais) round out the ranking of the five largest municipalities in poultry production.

In the chicken ranking, Bastos (São Paulo) and São Bento do Una (Pernambuco) also stand out, switching positions to second and third, respectively. Primavera do Leste (Mato Grosso) and Beberibe (Ceará) occupy the fourth and fifth places.

With the Northeast region standing out, goat and sheep herds set new historical records

The goat herd increased 3.1% in 2024, reaching 13.3 million animals, while the sheep herd increased 0.3%, reaching 21.9 million animals. Both figures are historical records in the survey. The Northeast region was primarily responsible for this increase, as it has 96.3% of the total goat herd and 73.5% of the sheep herd.

Bahia and Pernambuco account for the first and second largest herds, respectively, in both herds: Bahia accounts for 31.6% of the country's goat herd and 23.5% of the sheep herd; while Pernambuco accounts for 25.7% and 18.0% of these herds, respectively.

At the municipal level, the largest goat herds are located in Casa Nova (Bahia), Juazeiro (Bahia), Floresta (Pernambuco), Curaçá (Bahia) and Petrolina (Pernambuco). For sheep, Casa Nova (Bahia) also stands out as the main producing municipality, followed by Juazeiro (Bahia), Dormentes (Pernambuco), Remanso (Bahia), and Afrânio (Pernambuco). In sixth place is Sant'Ana do Livramento (Rio Grande do Sul), differentiating itself from the Northeast's dominance for goats due, precisely, to the reported sheep farming for wool in the South of the country.

Egg production grows in 24 of the 27 Federation Units and reaches a new historical record

With a total of 5.4 billion dozen, Brazilian hen egg production grew by 8.6% for 2024, resulting in a new historical record, which estimates that egg production has been increasing continuously since 1999. It is important to note that the egg production identified in the survey is for both consumption and incubation.

The five main producing municipalities were: Santa Maria de Jetibá (Espírito Santo), Bastos (São Paulo), São Bento do Una (Pernambuco) buco), Primavera do Leste (Mato Grosso) and Beberibe (Ceará).

In a record year for slaughter and exports, herd of hogs and pigs showed growth

43.9 million hogs and pigs were counted in this edition of the survey. On the last day of 2024, there were 1.8% more animals in the country compared to the previous year. Parallel to this, with a 0.6% increase, the total number of hog sows remained virtually stable, with 5.0 million animals counted, the highest record for this herd. A 1.2% increase in the slaughter of hogs and pigs was also observed, reaching a record in 2024, but demonstrating a slowdown in the sector's growth. There was also a record for fresh pork exports.

Toledo (Paraná) maintained its leading position in the municipality for breeding, among the 5,487 municipalities that registered some breeding, with 2.2% of the national herd, or 950,000 animals. Uberlândia (Minas Gerais) comes next, with 1.4% of the national total, or 623,900 animals, followed by Marechal Cândido Rondon (Paraná), with 1.3%, or 576,000 hogs and pigs.

Driven by the Northeast Region, honey production reaches a record

National honey production grew 4.9% in 2024, totaling 67.3 million kilograms, the highest value ever recorded in the survey's time series, which has shown consecutive growth since 2016 and, since 2018, has reached record highs each year.

The Northeast region maintained its leading position among the Major Regions, with a 3.5% increase in its results, accounting for 39.4% of the national total in 2024. Piauí stands out among them, with 12.8% of national production, followed by Ceará, Bahia, and Maranhão. The largest national producer, however, is Paraná. The municipalities with the highest honey production were, in order, Santa Luzia do Paruá (Maranhão), Arapoti (Paraná), Santana do Cariri (Ceará), São Raimundo Nonato (Piauí), and Ortigueira (Paraná).

Fish and shrimp production hits record

The estimated fish production for 2024 showed a 10.3% increase, reaching 724,900 tonnes, resulting in a production value of R$7.7 billion, a 15.8% increase compared to the previous year.

The most produced fish in Brazil, since the beginning of the fish farming survey, is tilapia. In 2024, its production accounted for 68.9% of the total fish production. Compared to the previous year, this was a 12.8% increase, resulting in 499,400 tonnes. Almost half of this total (47.5%) comes from the South Region, mainly due to Paraná, which accounts for 38.2% of national production, or 190.5 million kilograms.

Brazilian production of farmed shrimp reached 146,800 tonnes, a 15.2% increase compared to the previous year. The production value was R$3.1 billion, equivalent to a 16.3% increase. This estimate represents a record in the time series of production, which has been growing continuously since 2017.

Of the total, 99.7% comes from the Northeast Region, mainly Ceará (57.1%) and Rio Grande do Norte (21.5%). Both states registered increases that, combined, result in approximately 18.0 million kilograms. The largest municipal producers are concentrated in these two states, starting with Aracati (Ceará), which, with a production of 18,000 tonnes, accounts for 12.2% of national production and 21.4% of state production. Next comes Jaguaruana (Ceará), with 8.8%, and Pendências (Rio Grande do Norte), with 6.5% of national production.

More about the survey

The Municipal Livestock Survey (PPM) annually investigates information on the main livestock species raised and the production of cow's milk, chicken and quail eggs, honey, raw wool, silkworm cocoons, and aquaculture (fish farming, shrimp farming, and malacoculture). This constitutes the primary source of statistics for this economic segment.

It provides information on the livestock inventories in the municipality on the survey's reference date, as well as animal production and the value of production during the reference year. Livestock includes cattle, swine, sows, poultry, chickens, quail, horses, buffalo, goats, and sheep. Animal production, in turn, includes the production of milk, chicken eggs, quail eggs, honey, raw wool, and silkworm cocoons; the number of milked cows and sheared sheep; and aquaculture, which includes fish farming, shrimp farming, and malacoculture.

The survey is conducted annually. Its geographic scope is nationwide, with results published for Brazil, its Major Regions, Federation Units, Mesoregions, Microregions, and Municipalities.