Women look for formal economy more than men in Brazil
October 18, 2017 10h00 AM | Last Updated: October 19, 2017 06h02 PM
Women show a higher proportion of enterprises registered in the National Directory of Legal Entities - CNPJ than men. In 2016, 20.3% of those women who were self-employed were registered, whereas the percentage among men was 18.2%. The difference was even bigger among the female employers, with 86.1% of the enterprises with a CNPJ against 80.2% of the enterprises of employers of the opposite sex. This is unveiled in the first thematic module of the Continuous PNAD 2012-2016 - Additional Characteristics of the Labor Market, released today by the IBGE.
The trend of women looking for more registration at the time of their insertion in the economy is shown in the survey: the number of registered female entrepreneurs and self-employed workers increased from 1.9 million to 2.6 million between 2012 and 2016, a rise of about 700 thousand, whereas the rise was smaller than half this figure among those non-registered, changing from 5.8 million to 6.1 million, a rise of about 300 thousand.
Most of the employed persons worked in small-sized enterprises
The survey also unveiled a growth in the population employed in small-sized enterprises (between 1 and 5 persons) and a reduction in the number of workers in the large ones. In 2016, more than half (50.1%) of the persons employed in the private sector worked in businesses that had between one and five persons, while they were 46.7% in 2012. In the enterprises with 51 and more persons, it reduced from 29.8% to 26.0% of the total.
Concerning the size of the companies in every region, the percentage of persons employed in enterprises with 51 and more workers dropped, whereas small businesses increased their share. In 2016, the North Region (68.0%) recorded the highest percentage of persons employed in 1-to-5-person enterprises, while the Southeast posted the lowest one (42.1%). Regarding the workers in enterprises with 51 persons and more, the Southeast led in 2016 (31.8%), while the North registered the lowest percentage (14.7%).
According to Adriana Beringuy, researcher at the IBGE´s Coordination of Labor and Income, this change in the occupation has been influenced, among other factors, by the reduction in the job positions in Industry. “In this period, we can see even large-sized industries dismissing workers and smaller enterprises being created through the absorption of employed persons, two opposite movements”, concluded the researcher.
Text: Adriana Saraiva
Graph: Valberto Alves
Image: Pixabay
