In 2014, 24 out of the 27 states and 6% of the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities supported
the production of 1,849 movies. Rio Grande do Sul (60 movies), Pernambuco (54 movies) and São Paulo (42 movies) stood out among the states.

Between 1999 and 2014, the proportion of municipalities with public libraries rose from 76.3% to 97.1%. Between 2001 and 2014, the proportion of municipalities with higher education institutions doubled (from 19.6% to 39.9%). On the other hand, the proportion of those with bookstores fell from 35.5% in 1999 to 27.4% in 2014. Available in 99.9% of the municipalities, broadcast TVs remained as the primary means of access to cultural contents in Brazil. However, only 12.1% of the municipalities had local TV stations.

This is some of the information of the supplement of Culture of the Profile of Brazilian States and Municipalities 2014 (Estadic/Munic), which also shows the dissemination of the access to the Internet through Internet service providers (available in 65.5% of the municipalities) and LAN houses (82.4% of the municipalities). Conversely, the number of video rentals (available in 82.0% of the municipalities in 2006 and in 53.7% in 2014) and CD/DVD stores retreated (from 59.8% to 40.4% of the municipalities in this period).

A tradition in 76.2% of the municipalities, embroidering remained as the most disseminated craftsmanship activity. Culture Points were available in 1,258 municipalities.

About 9.3 thousand state servants and 67.2 thousand municipal servants were employed in the Culture sector in 2014. They corresponded to 0.4% and 1.0%, respectively, of the total number of persons employed in these two administrative spheres.

The supplement of Culture of Estadic/Munic 2014 also brings information on the initiatives in support of cultural diversity, funding and specific funds, existence of culture councils and conferences (including historic heritage), among others. The information collected by the IBGE to the Profile of Brazilian States and Municipalities was provided by the state and municipal administrations.
The complete publication is available here.

Broadcast TV and public libraries in almost every municipality in Brazil

The existence of cultural equipment and communication media in the municipalities has been investigated by this survey since 1999, yet intermittently. Available in 99.9% of the municipalities in 2014, broadcast TVs remained as the primary means of access to cultural contents in Brazil. However, only 12.1% of the Brazilian municipalities produced TV programs through local TV stations. The survey also showed the increasing access to the Internet through Internet service providers (in 65.5% of the municipalities) and LAN houses (82.4% of the municipalities).

Video rentals hit their peak in 2006 (82.0% of the municipalities) and declined to 53.7% in 2014. On the other hand, record/CD/tape/DVD stores were in 59.8% of the municipalities in 2006, yet declining to 40.4% in 2014.

Community radio stations were available in 64.1% of the municipalities, whereas community TV stations could be found in only 3.5% of them in 2014.

In 1999, about 76.3% of the municipalities had public libraries, a percentage which rose to 97.1% in 2014. In this same period, the proportion of municipalities with bookstores dropped from 35.5% to 27.4%.

Between 2006 and 2014, the percentage of municipalities with local production of magazines increased from 7.7% to 11.8%. Investigated only in 2014, reading points were available in 15.1% of the municipalities, and newsstands, in 25.0% of them. Movie theaters and shopping malls were available in 10.4% and 6.7% of the municipalities, respectively (table 1).

Table 1 - Percentage of municipalities with cultural equipment and communication media, with indication of percentage change, according to type - Brazil - 1999/2014

Proportion of municipalities with higher education institutions doubles since 2001

The existence of higher education institutions in the municipalities increased significantly, in accordance with the increase of the level of schooling of the population: from 19.6% of the municipalities in 2001 to 39.9% in 2014.

Investigated for the first time in 2012 (18.0%), public archives were available in 21.7% of the municipalities in 2014.

The existence of craftsmanship centers (in 22.2% of the municipalities) was surveyed for the first time in 2014, as well as of acoustic shells (6.4%) and of spaces for circuses (34.8%).

Embroidering is most disseminated craftsmanship activity

Embroidering remained as the most disseminated craftsmanship activity, as it was available in 76.2% of the Brazilian municipalities in 2014. Between 2006 and 2014, the proportion of municipalities with film clubs (223.8%), circuses (134.5%) and orchestras (92.2%) increased a lot, while the percentage of those with groups of plastic and visual arts decreased (-11.7%).

Among the 19 types of artistic groups analyzed, those of craftsmanship were in 78.6% of the municipalities, followed by traditional folklore (71.9%), dance (68.5%), bands (68.4%), capoeira (61.7%), musical groups (54.6%), choirs (50.4%), Carnival blocks (46.9%) and performing art (43.4%).

Culture Points available in 1,258 municipalities

In 2014, 1,258 municipalities had Culture Points in Brazil. The highest percentages of municipalities with culture points were in Rio de Janeiro (64.2%) and Ceará (59.8%).

Culture Points intended to promote social inclusion, strengthen citizenship, create jobs and establish cultural identities. They comprised legal entities selected by the Ministry of Culture through public notices.

Culture employs 1.0% of municipal servants and 0.4% of state servants

In 2014, 9,278 persons were employed in the culture area in the state administrations, which represented 0.4% of the total number of persons employed in the direct and indirect administrations of the states (2,192,543 persons).

Among the state servants of the culture area, 45.9% were statutory, 23.6% were commissioned only, 10.5% were third parties, 10.3% were trainees, 3.5% were under the Consolidation of Brazilian Labor Laws (CLT) and 6.2% were borrowed.

In 2006, 57,611 servants worked in the culture area in the municipal administrations, or 1.1% of the total number of servants in the direct and indirect administrations, against 67,123 in 2014 (1.0% of the total). The majority of the municipal servants in the culture area were statutory, as shown in the following table.

Percentage of municipal servants in the culture area, by employment relationship

In 2014, 5,260 municipalities (94.5% of the total) had an organizational structure for culture. This percentage declined in relation to 2006 (97.5%).

More than half of municipalities have policies for Culture sector

Slightly more than half (54.6%) of the cities had policies for the culture sector. It declined 3.3 percentage points between 2006 and 2014.

This proportion was 43.1% for the municipalities with up to 5 thousand inhabitants, 52.4% for those in the range between 10 and 20 thousand and 65.9% for those in the next range (between 20 and 50 thousand). It reached 88.5% in the capitals and 97.4% in the municipalities with more than 500 thousand inhabitants.

In 2014, 18 Federation Units and 26.9% of the municipalities had programs or actions for local self-sustainable cultural production. The state of Rio de Janeiro registered the highest proportion of municipalities with actions in this area (52.2%).

Estadic/Munic also bring information on initiatives to support cultural diversity, on funding and specific funds for culture, on the existence of culture councils and conferences, as well as on conservation councils of historical heritage, available in only nine Federation Units.

In 2014, states and municipalities support the production of 1,849 movies

In 2014, the film production supported by states and municipalities hit 1,849 movies. Among the 27 state administrations, 24 funded the production of movies, highlighted by Rio Grande do Sul (60 movies), Pernambuco (54 movies) and São Paulo (42).

In the 12 months before the survey, 480 movies were produced with the support of the states, being 229 short movies, 113 medium-length movies and 138 full-length movies. Among the municipalities, 6% funded the production of movies. Of the total 1,369 productions, 838 were short movies, 271 medium-length movies and 260 full-length movies.

Pernambuco and Bahia promoted every audiovisual activity investigated by Estadic / Munic 2014 (production funding, festivals, conservation activities, archive conservation and recovery and film club activities).

25 states and 56.3% of municipalities encourage reading, books and literature

In 2014, 25 Federation Units carried out programs and actions to foster the creation, production, circulation and dissemination of literature through the following mechanisms: assorted public notices (21 UFs), prizes (18), direct incentives (14) and other forms (12). Among the municipalities, 56.3% carried out actions and programs towards reading, books and literature.

24 states and 61.0% of municipalities support cultural tourism

Among the states, 24 developed some kind of program or action on cultural tourism in 2014. Among the municipalities, 61.0% carried out some actions and programs on cultural tourism in 2014, a percentage well above that of 2006 (26.2%).

15 states and 9.5% of municipalities encourage half-price admissions for senior citizens

For the first time ever, the Supplement of Culture 2014 investigated the existence of any specific legislation granting half-price or free admissions for disabled persons and senior citizens in cultural shows and sports events promoted or supported by the state, district and municipal administrations. This kind of legislation was available in 15 states and 9.5% of the municipalities.

Social Communication
14 December 2015