Continuous PNAD - Monthly edition: unemployment rate is 14.1%, underutilization rate is 28.6% in quarter ending in June
August 31, 2021 09h00 AM | Last Updated: September 02, 2021 02h45 PM
The unemployment rate (14.1%) of the moving quarter from April to June 2021 retreated 0.6 percentage points in relation to the quarter between January and March 2021 (14.7%) and increased 0.8 p.p. against the same quarter of 2020 (13.3%). The unemployed population (14.4 million persons) remained stable against the quarter ended in March 2021 (14.8 million persons) and increased 12.9% (more 1.7 million persons) over the same moving quarter of 2020 (12.8 million persons).
| Indicator/Period | Apr-May-Jun 2021 | Jan-Feb-Mar 2021 | Apr-May-Jun 2020 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 14.1% | 14.7% | 13.3% |
| Underutilization rate | 28.6% | 29.7% | 29.1% |
| Usual real earnings | R$2,515 | R$2,594 | R$2,693 |
| Change of the usual real earnings in relation to: | -3.0% | -6.6% | |
The employed population (87.8 million persons) grew 2.5% (more 2.1 million persons) in relation to the previous moving quarter and 5.3% (more 4.4 million persons) against the same quarter of 2020 (83.3 million employed persons). Estimated at 49.6%, the employment-population ratio - percentage of employed persons in the population at working age - grew 1.2 p.p. against the previous moving quarter (48.4%) and dropped 1.6 p.p. over the same quarter of 2020 (47.9%).
The composite underutilization rate (28.6%) fell 1.1 p.p. in relation to the previous quarter (29.7%) and remained stable compared with the same quarter of 2020 (29.1%).
The underemployed population (32.2 million persons) decreased 3.0% (less 993 thousand persons) over the previous quarter (33.2 million) and remained stable in the annual comparison (31.9 million).
The time-related underemployed population (7.5 million persons) was a record in the time series, with rises of 7.3% over the previous quarter (more 511 thousand persons) and of 34.4% (more 1.9 million persons) against the same quarter of 2020.
The population out of the workforce (74.9 million persons) dropped 2.1% (less 1.6 million persons) over the previous quarter and 3.7% (less 2.9 million persons) in the annual comparison.
The discouraged population (5.6 million persons) fell 6.5% over the previous quarter (less 388 thousand persons) and remained stable in the year. The percentage of discouraged persons in the workforce or discouraged population (5.2%) dropped 0.4 p.p. in both comparisons (both at 5.6%).
The number of persons employed with a formal contract in the private sector (excluding domestic workers) was of 30.2 million persons, increasing 2.1% (618 thousand persons) over the previous quarter and remaining stable against the same quarter of 2020.
The number of persons employed without a formal contract in the private sector (10.0 million persons) increased 3.4% (332 thousand persons) in relation to the previous quarter and 16.0% (1.4 million persons) in the year.
The number of self-employed workers (24.8 million persons) was a record in the time series, with rises of 4.2% (more 1.0 million persons) against the previous quarter and of 14.7% (3.2 million persons) in the annual comparison.
The number of domestic workers (5.1 million persons) remained stable compared with the previous quarter, yet it rose 8.4% (more 394 thousand persons) over the same period of 2020.
The number of employers (3.8 million persons) remained stable in both comparisons.
The number of those employed in the public sector (11.8 million persons), which includes statutory servants and the military, remained stable against the previous quarter, though it dropped (less 539 thousand) in relation to 2020.
The informality rate was 40.6% of the employed population or 35.6 million informal workers. That rate had been 39.6% in the previous quarter and 36.9% in the same quarter last year.
The usual real earnings (R$2,515) fell 3.0% over the previous quarter and 6.6% over the same period of 2020. The usual real wage bill (R$215.5 billion) remained stable in both comparisons.
Unemployment rate - Brazil - 2012/2021
Estimated at 102.2 million persons in the moving quarter from March to May 2021, the workforce (employed and unemployed persons) dropped 10.1% (less 1.1 million persons) against the previous quarter and retreated 24.5% (less 3.3 million persons) over the same quarter of 2021.
The following activity groups rose against the previous moving quarter: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (3.8% or more 326 thousand persons), Construction (5.7% or more 346 thousand persons), Housing and food (9.1% or more 360 thousand persons) and Domestic services (4.0% or more 197 thousand persons). The other groups remained stable.
Compared with the same moving quarter of 2020, six groups rose: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (11.8% or more 945 thousand persons), Construction (19.6% or more 1.0 million persons), Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (4.6% or more 707 thousand persons), Housing and food (7.7% or more 309 thousand persons), Information, communication and Financial, real estate, professional and administrative activities (7.3% or more 733 thousand persons) and Domestic services (9.0% or more 426 thousand persons). The other groups did not post any statistically-significant change.
Composite underutilization rate - Quarter from April to June - Brazil - 2012 to 2021 (%)
Concerning the usual real average earnings, two groups reduced in relation to the previous moving quarter: Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (-3.3%) and Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (-5.1%), the others remaining stable.
Compared with the same quarter of 2020, the earnings were reduced in seven categories: Industry (12.2% or less R$338), Construction (14.8% or less R$309), Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (8.1% or less R$171), Transportation, storage and mailing (11.7% or less R$291), Housing and food (12.8% or less R$216), Other services (13.8% or less R$284) and Domestic services (7.2% or less R$72). The other groups remained stable.
Among the employment types, the earnings of Employed (-2.1%) dropped over the previous moving quarter, leveraged by those employed in the public sector (-3.2%). In the annual comparison, the earnings of Employed (-4.8%) also dropped in four sub-categories: Employed in the private sector (-4.9%), Employed in the private sector with a formal contract (-3.8%), Domestic worker (-7.2%) and Domestic worker without a formal contract (-6.0%). The earnings of Employers (-11.4%), Employers with CNPJ (-10.9%), Self-employed workers (-5.4%) and Self-employed workers without CNPJ (-5.2%) also dropped. The other categories and sub-categories remained stable.
