The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) of November changed 1.01% and stood 0.19 percentage points (p.p.) above the rate of 0.82% registered in October. Since 2002, when it reached 3.02%, there has not been a higher result for the IPCA in the months of November. With the cumulative index in the year at 9.62%, well above the 5.58% rate for the same period of 2014, it has became the highest cumulative result from January to November since 2002, when it had been 10.22%. In the last 12 months, the index accumulated a high of 10.48%, a higher result than the 9.93% of the 12 months prior to that period. Considering the cumulative index over 12 months, since November 2003 (11.02%), there has not been a higher rate than the 10.48% seen this month. In November 2014, the IPCA had registered 0.51%. Click here to access the complete publication.

For the second consecutive month, fuels, with a significant share in family expenses (5.14% of weight in the IPCA), led the ranking of the main impacts. It was 4.16% more expensive and the impact was of 0.21 p.p. The price of the gasoline liter became 3.21% more expensive for the consumer, exerting an impact of 0.13 p.p. Taking October and November into account, the high was of 8.42% in the gas stations, motivated by the rise of 6.00% in force in the refineries since September 30th. In relation to the cumulative index of the year, prices rose 18.61%, going from 10.40% recorded in Campo Grande up to 24.35% in Recife.

In the case of ethanol, prices increased 9.31%, exerting 0.08 p.p. of impact in the month. The high achieved 26.10% in the year, with the lowest change in Fortaleza (12.71%), and the highest (33.14%), in Curitiba. As to diesel fuel, prices increased 1.76% and, together with October's rate, accumulated 5.08%, reflecting, in the gas stations, the 4.00% increase in the refineries, also since September 30th. In relation to the year, the high was 12.75%.

In the group transportation (1.08%), besides fuels, urban bus fares stood out, 1.11% more expensive. That is due to the increases in Fortaleza, where the high of 10.00% affected the major part of the 14.58% rise in force since November 7, in Belo Horizonte. There, fares increased 8.63% due to the return of the 9.68% rise which had been suspended by an injunction but came back into effect on October 25; and the increase in urban bus fares are also due to the rises in Campo Grande, where the 2.33% increase is attributable to part of the 8.33% rise in effect since November 19.

However, food and beverages led the group, becoming both the highest result of the month and the greatest impact.

The item fuels (4.16%), exerting 0.21 p.p. of impact, coupled with food and beverages (1.83%), with 0.46 p.p., generated an impact of 0.67 p.p. Both were responsible for 66% of the IPCA of the month.

In food products, a group with 25% of the index's weight, the highlights are products for consumption at home, whose high achieved 2.46%. In Goiânia, prices boosted, reaching 4.37% in the month. Other places, as Campo Grande (3.80%), Brasília (3.47%) and Salvador (3.32%), had rises well above the national average (2.46%). Consumption away from home had food products with a high of 0.70%; the highlight was Porto Alegre (1.98%), Salvador (1.64%) and Fortaleza (1.30%). Considering the year 2015, the group food and beverages presented a change of 10.37%: 10.75% of home consumption and 9.67% of products away from home.

Several products, from October to November, had significant increases, with a highlight to potatoes (27.46%), tomatoes (24.65%), crystallized sugar (15.11%) and refined sugar (13.15%).

Few products became cheaper from one month to the other, the highlight is processed meat (-0.79%) and milk (-0.76%).

Electricity (0.98%) is still a highlight, due to the change of 7.47% in Rio de Janeiro, where there was an increase of 16% starting on November 7 in the fares of one of the concessionaires; 2.39% in Porto Alegre, with increase of 5.82% starting on October 25, also in one of the concessionaires; 0.17% in São Paulo, where the 15.50% increase in effect since October 23 in the fares of one of the concessionaires was coupled with tax reduction. In the other places, the changes seen are attributed to oscillations in the value of taxes.

With the increase in the electricity bills, the group housing got a 0.76% change, together with the following items: cleaning products (1.50%), condominium fees (1.35%), bottled gas (0.81%), manpower for small repair (0.55%), residential rent (0.43%) water and sewage fees (0.40%). Also about water and sewage fees, the 0.40% result is due to the Metropolitan Area of São Paulo, whose fares were 1.94% high, on average, showing a lesser intensity of the effects of the Reduced Water Consumption Incentive Program.

Considering the other groups of products and services surveyed, the highlights were the following items: mobile (2.13%) and landline telephony (1.00%), personal hygiene products (1.22%), kids (1.19%) and womenswear (1.17%), health insurance plan (1.06%), hairdresser (0.70%) and domestic workers (0.45%).

The change of 1.00% in landline telephone bills reflected the increases between 5.50% and 7.20% in the landline-mobile calls in force since October 2, besides the 6.27% rise in the national long-distance calls. The change of 2.13% in mobile telephone bills was due to an increase by one of the operators.

Among the indexes by area, the highest one was in Goiânia (1.44%), where food at home had an increase of 4.37%. The lowest index was seen in Brasília (0.66%), mostly due to the decrease of 0.55% in food away from home.

The IPCA has been calculated by IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly earnings between one and 40 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, as well as the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande and Brasília. In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from October 28 to November 27 of 2015 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 29 to October 27 of 2015 (base).

INPC changed 1.11% in November

The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) recorded a change of 1.11% in November, staying 0.34 p.p. above the rate of 0.77% in October. As a result, the cumulative index in the year closed at 10.28%, well above the rate of 5.57% relative to the same period of 2014. Considering the last 12 months, the index is at 10.97%, above the 10.33% relative to the previous 12 months. In November of 2014, INPC was at 0.53%.

Food products changed 1.98% in November, whereas the October´s rate was 0.80%. The group of non-food products changed 0.73% in November, below the index of 0.76% of October.

Among the regional indexes, the highest one was in Goiânia (1.69%), where food at home had an increase of 4.37%. The lowest index was seen in Brasília (0.75%), mostly due to the decrease of 0.73% in food consumed away from home.

The INPC has been calculated by IBGE since 1979. It refers to families with monthly earnings between one and five minimum wages, with a salaried head of the family, and it encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, as well as the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande and Brasília. In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from October 28 to November 27 of 2015 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 29 to October 27 of 2015 (base).