The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) changed 0.48% in September and stood 0,59 percentage points (p.p.) above the -0.11% rate registered in August. The IPCA accumulated a rise of 3.64% in the year and, in the last 12 months, of 5.17%, above the rate of 5.13% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The monthly change had been 0.44% in September 2024.

In September, three out of nine groups of products and services surveyed came with a negative change: Residence articles (-0.40%), Food and beverages (-0.26%) and Communication (-0.17%). On the rising side, the changes were between 0.01% for Transportation and 2.97% for Housing.

With the end of the incorporation of the Itaipu bonus, credited in bills issued in August, residential electricity, of the group of Housing (2.97%), rose 10.31% in September, standing out as the main individual impact on the month's index (0.41 p.p.). It is worth highlighting the continued validity of the red tariff flag level 2 since September 1st, adding R$7.87 to the electricity bills for every 100 kWh consumed. In addition, the following tariff adjustments were incorporated: 18.62% in São Luís (27.30%), since August 28; 15.32% in Vitória (12.37%), since August 7, and 4.25% in Belém (8.05%), since August 7.

See the table the change in residential electrical energy by area surveyed, in September, in addition to the accumulated figures in the year and in 12 months:

In the year, residential electrical energy accumulated an increase of 16.42%, standing out as the main individual impact (0.63 p.p.) on the accumulated result of the IPCA (3.64%). In 12 months, the result is 10.64%, representing an impact of 0.44 p.p. on the accumulated index of the period (5.17%).

Still in Housing, the change in water and sewage fees (0.07%), stands out, with the tariff adjustment of 7.84% in Aracaju (7.34%), since September 1st, and 4.81% in Vitória (0.16%), in force since August 1st. The result of the sub-item piped gas (0.01%) is due to the 6.41% increase in the bills in Curitiba (0.20%), since August 1, and the average reduction of 1.22% in tariffs in Rio de Janeiro (-0.04%), also since August 1st.

In Wearing apparel (0.63%), the highlights were the increases in men's wearing apparel (1.06%), in children's wearing apparel (0.76%) and in women's wearing apparel (0.36%).

In the group of Personal expenses (0.51%), the main highlights are tourism package, which rose 2.87%, and the sub-item cinema, theater and concert, with an increase of 2.75%, after the fall of 4.02% in August, due to the cinema week.

In Health and personal care (0.17%), health insurance plan (0.50%) stands as the main impact on the group (0.02 p.p.).

After the 0.27% drop recorded in August, the change in the group of Transportation (0.01%) reflects the increase in fuels (0.87%) which, in August, fell, on average, 0.89%. With the exception of vehicular gas (-1.24%), the other fuels showed positive changes in September: ethanol (2.25%), gasoline (0.75%) and diesel fuel (0.38%). On the dropping side, the highlights are voluntary vehicle insurance (-5.98%) and airfare (-2.83%).

It is also worth noting the reflection of the free service granted in subway (-0.64%) in Brasília
(-10.69%) and in urban bus fares (-0.52%) in Brasília (-10.69%) and Belém (0.78%), as well as the reduction in the fare in Curitiba (-3.21%). Additionally, taxi (1.73%) incorporates the average increase of 24.53% in the fares in Belém (8.54%), since August 12, and of 12.37% in the fares in São Paulo (4.20%), since August 11.

For the fourth consecutive month, the group of Food and beverages (-0.26%) recorded a drop in the average prices. The change in September was influenced by the food at home which fell 0.41%, after the 0.83% reduction in August, highlighted by the drops in tomatoes
(-11.52%), onion (-10.16%), garlic (-8.70%), potatoes (-8.55%) and rice (-2.14%). On the rising side, the highlights are fruits (2.40%) and soybean oil (3.57%).

Food away from home recorded a slowdown from August (0.50%) to September (0.11%). In the same period, sub-item snacks went from 0.83% to 0.53%, and meals went from 0.35% to -0.16%.

As for regional indices, São Luís showed the highest change (1.02%), driven by the increase in residential electricity (27.30%) and ground coffee (4.31%). The lowest change (0.17%) was recorded in Salvador, due to the drops in tomatoes (-20.08%) and voluntary vehicle insurance (-6.36%).

The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília. In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from August 30 to September 29, 2025 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from July 31 to August 29, 2025 (base).

INPC rises 0.52% in September

The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) recorded an increase of 0.52% in September. In the year, the accumulated figure is 3.62% and, in the last 12 months, 5.10%, above the rate of 5.05% observed in the immediately previous 12 months. In September 2024, the rate had been 0.48%.

Food products went from -0.54% in August to -0.33% in September. The change of non-food products went from -0.10% in August to 0.80% in September.

As for regional indexes, the highest change (0.98%) occurred in Vitória, due to residential electricity (12.53%) and gasoline (3.76%). The lowest change occurred in Salvador (0.16%), due to the drop in tomatoes (-20.08%) and in items of personal hygiene (-0.93%).

The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília. In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from August 30 to September 29, 2025 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from July 31 to August 29, 2025 (base).