Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 6.8% and underutilization rate hits 16.2% in quarter ending in July
August 30, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: August 30, 2024 05h32 PM
The unemployment rate (6.8%) of the quarter ending in July 2024 fell by 0.7 percentage points (p.p.) from the quarter February-April 2024 (7.5%) and by 1.1 p.p. from the same moving quarter in 2023 (7.9%). That was the lowest unemployment rate for a quarter ending in July since the beginning of the time series of Continuous PNAD, in 2012.
| Indicador/Period | May-Jun-Jul 2024 | Feb-Mar-Apr 2024 | May-Jun-Jul 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rata | 6.8% | 7.5% | 7.9% |
| Underutilization rate | 16.2% | 17.4% | 17.7% |
| Usual real earnings | R$ 3,206 | R$ 3,183 | R$ 3,058 |
| Change of usual earnings in relation to: | stable (0.7%) | 4.8% | |
The unemployed population (7.4 million) decreased in both comparisons: -9.5% (by 783 thousand persons) in the quarter and -12.8% (by 1.1 million persons) in the year. That was the smallest number of employed persons since the quarter ended January 2015.
The employed population (102.0 million) hit the new record of the time series that started in 2012, with increases in both comparisons: 1.2% (by 1.2 million persons) in the quarter and 2.7% (by 2.7 million persons) in the year. The employment population ratio (percentage of employed persons in the population at working age) hit 57.9%, with increases in both comparisons: 0.6 p.p. against the previous moving quarter (57.3%) and 1.1 p.p. in the year (56.9%).
That was the highest employment level in a quarter ending in July since 2014.
The compound underutilization rate (16.2%) fell in both comparisons: -1.2 p.p. in the quarter and -1.6 p.p. in the year. That was the lowest rate for a quarter ended July since 2014.
The underemployed population (18.7 million persons) was the lowest since the Moving quarter ending in December 2015 (18.6 million), with drops in two comparisons: -6.9% (-1.4 million) in the quarter and -7.8% (-1.6 million) in the year.
The time-related underemployed population (5.0 million) decreased by 4.1% (-212 thousand persons) in the quarter and remained stable in the annual comparison.
The population out of the workforce (66.7 million) was stable in both comparisons.
The discouraged population (3.2 million) reached the lowest total since the quarter ending in June 2016 (3.2 million), with a drop of 7.0% (- 242 thousand persons) in the quarter and 12.2% (-447 thousand persons) in the year.
The percentage of discouraged persons in the workforce or discouraged population (2.9%) decreased by 0.2 p.p. in the month and 0.4 p.p. in the year.
The number of workers in the private sector reached 52.5 million, a new record in the time series that started in 2012, with increases of 1.4% (by 731 thousand persons) in the quarter and 4.5% (2.2 million persons) in the year. The number of workers with a formal contract in the private sector (except domestic workers) reached 38.5 million, another record. There was an increase of 0.9% (353 thousand persons) in the quarter and of 4.2% (1.5 million persons) in the year. The number of workers without a formal contract in the private sector (13.9 million) was also a record, with increases of 2.8% (378 thousand persons) in the quarter and 5.2% (689 thousand persons) in the year.
The number of self-employed workers (25.4 million) remained stable in both comparisons, as the number of domestic workers (5.8 million) and of employers (4.2 million). The number of workers in the public sector (12.7 million) hit a record, with an increase of 3.5% (424 thousand) in the quarter and 3.6% (436 thousand persons) in the year.
The employment informality rate hit 38.7% of the employed population (or 39.4 million informal workers) against 38.7 % in the quarter ended April and 39.2 % in the same quarter of 2023.
The usual real earnings from all the activities (R$ 3,206) was stable in the quarter and increased by 4.8% in the year. The usual real wagebill (R$ 322.4 billion) fell by 1.9% (R$ 6.0 billion) in the quarter and by 7.9% (R$ 27.5 billion) in the year.
The remainder is temporarily in Portuguese.
A força de trabalho (pessoas ocupadas e desocupadas), no trimestre de maio a julho de 2024, foi estimada em 109,5 milhões de pessoas, novo recorde da série histórica iniciada em 2012. Esta população cresceu nas duas comparações: 0,4% (mais 444 mil pessoas) ante o trimestre encerrado em abril de 2024 e 1,5% (mais 1,6 milhão de pessoas) no ano.
A análise da ocupação por grupamentos de atividade ante o trimestre de fevereiro a abril de 2024 mostrou aumento nos grupamentos: Comércio, reparação de veículos automotores e motocicletas (1,9%, ou mais 368 mil pessoas) e Administração pública, defesa, seguridade social, educação, saúde humana e serviços sociais (3,2%, ou mais 584 mil pessoas). Os demais grupamentos não apresentaram variação significativa.
Frente ao trimestre de abril a junho de 2023 houve aumento nos grupamentos: Construção (4,7%, ou mais 338 mil pessoas), Comércio, reparação de veículos automotores e motocicletas (2,6%, ou mais 482 mil pessoas), Transporte, armazenagem e correio (6,6%, ou mais 352 mil pessoas), Informação, Comunicação e Atividades Financeiras, Imobiliárias, Profissionais e Administrativas (5,6%, ou mais 682 mil pessoas), Administração pública, defesa, seguridade social, educação, saúde humana e serviços sociais (3,6%, ou mais 654 mil pessoas) e Outros serviços (5,4%, ou mais 284 mil pessoas). Houve redução no grupamento de Agricultura, pecuária, produção florestal, pesca e aquicultura (4,4%, ou menos 365 mil pessoas).
Taxa composta de subutilização – Trimestres de maio a julho – Brasil – 2012 a 2024 (%)
A análise do rendimento médio mensal real habitualmente recebido no trabalho principal, segundo os grupamentos de atividade, do trimestre móvel de maio a julho de 2024, ante o trimestre de fevereiro a abril de 2024, mostrou aumento na categoria de Construção (2,9%, ou mais R$ 68). Os demais grupamentos não apresentaram variação significativa.
Ante o mesmo trimestre de 2023, houve aumento nas categorias: Indústria (6,7%, ou mais R$ 196) Comércio, reparação de veículos automotores e motocicletas (4,7%, ou mais R$ 120) Transporte, armazenagem e correio (5,8%, ou mais R$ 163) Administração pública, defesa, seguridade social, educação, saúde humana e serviços sociais (5,4%, ou mais R$ 229) e Outros serviços (8,2%, ou mais R$ 193). Não houve variação significativa nos demais grupamentos.
Todas as posições de ocupação mostraram estabilidade no rendimento médio mensal real em relação ao trimestre de fevereiro a abril de 2024.
Frente ao trimestre de maio a julho de 2023, houve aumento nas categorias: Empregado com carteira de trabalho assinada (3,5%, ou mais R$ 100), Empregado sem carteira de trabalho assinada (6,9%, ou mais R$ 142), Empregado no setor público (inclusive servidor estatutário e militar) (4,1%, ou mais R$ 192) e Conta-própria (6,9%, ou mais R$ 168).
