Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 7.5% and underutilization rate is 17.4% in the quarter ended in April
May 29, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: June 03, 2024 07h35 PM
The unemployment rate (7.5%) in the quarter ended in April 2024 did not change significantly compared to the quarter from November to January 2024 (7.6%) and fell 1.0 percentage points (pp) compared to the same moving quarter of 2023 (8.5%). This was the lowest unemployment rate for a quarter ended in April since 2014 (7.2%).
| Indicator/Period | Feb-Mar-Apr 2024 | Nov-Dec-Jan 2024 | Feb-Mar-Abr 2023 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 7.5% | 7.6% | 8.5% |
| Labor underutilization rate | 17.4% | 17.6% | 18.4% |
| Usual real earnings | R$ 3,151 | R$ 3,126 | R$ 3,008 |
| Change of usual earnings in relation to: | Stable (0,8%) | 4.7% | |
The unemployed population (8.2 million) had no statistically significant change in the quarter and fell 9.7% (882 thousand less persons) in the year.
The employed population (100.8 million) had no statistically significant change in the quarter and grew 2.8% (2.8 million more persons) in the year. The employment-population ratio (percentage of employed persons in the working age population) was 57.3%, repeating the percentage from the previous moving quarter (57.3%) and rising 1.1 pp in the annual comparison (56.2% ).
The compound labor underutilization rate (17.4%) did not change significantly compared to the moving quarter ended in January (17.6%) and fell 1.0 pp compared to the quarter ended in April 2023 (18.4%). The underutilized population (20.1 million persons) did not change significantly in the quarter and fell 4.0% (or 843 thousand less persons) in the year.
The time-releted underemployed population (5.2 million)
remained stable in both comparisons, in the same way as the population outside the labor force.
The discouraged population (3.5 million) did not change significantly compared to the previous moving quarter and fell 8.3% (314 thousand less persons) in the year. The percentage of discouraged persons in the workforce (3.1%) did not change significantly in the quarter and fell 0.3 pp in the year.
The number of workers with a labor contract in the private sector (excluding domestic workers) reached 38.188 million, the largest figure in the Continuous PNAD time series, which began in 2012. There was stability in the quarter and an increase of 3.8% (plus 1.4 million) in the year. The number of workers w ithout a labor contract in the private sector (13.6 million) was also a record in the time series, remaining stable in the quarter and growing 6.4% (813 thousand more persons) in the year.
The number of self-employed workers (25.5 million persons) remained stable in both comparisons, as did the number of employers (4.2 million persons) and the number of domestic workers (5.9 million persons) .
The number of employees in the public sector (12.3 million) did not change significantly in the quarter and rose 2.6% (315 thousand more persons) in the year.
The informality rate was 38.7% of the employed population (or 39.0 million informal workers) against 39.0% in the previous moving quarter and 38.9% in the same moving quarter of 2023.
The usual real earnings from all jobs (R$3,151) remained stable in the quarter and grew 4.7% in the year.
The usual real wage bill (R$ 313.1 billion) reached a new record in the time series started in 2012, remaining stable in the quarterly comparison and rising 7.9% (R$ 23.0 billion more) in the annual comparison.
Unemployment rate - Brazil - 2012/2024
The workforce (employed and unemployed persons), in the quarter from February to April 2024, was estimated at 109.0 million persons. This population remained stable compared to the quarter ended in January 2024 and grew 1.8% (1.9 million more persons) compared to the same quarter of the previous year.
The analysis of the number of employed persons, according to activity groups, for the moving quarter from February to April 2024, in relation to the quarter from November 2023 to January 2024, showed stability in all groups.
In comparison with the same quarter of 2023, there were increases in: General Industry (2.7%, or 343 thousand more persons), Construction (4.1%, or 295 thousand more persons), Transportation, storage and mailing (5.9 %, or 318 thousand more persons), Information, Communication and Financial, Real Estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (6.5%, or 774 thousand more persons) and Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services ( 3.7%, or 652 thousand more persons). The other activity groups did not show significant change.
Compound underutilization rate – Quarters from February to April– Brazil – 2012 to 2024 (%)
The analysis of the real usual average monthly earnings from the main job, according to the groups of activity, compared to the quarter from November 2023 to January 2024, showed stability in all groups.
The comparison with the same quarter of 2023 showed an increase in the categories: Industry (8.5%, or R$243 more) Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (4.6%, or R$114 more) Transportation, storage and mailing (5.7%, or R$159 more) and Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (4.0%, or more R$170). The other groups did not show significant change.
The analysis of the real usual average monthly wage bill from the main job according to occupation type, in relation to the quarter from November 2023 to January 2024, showed an increase in the category of Worker with a formal employment contract (1.4%, or R$40 more). The other categories did not show significant change.
Compared to the same quarter of 2023, there was an increase in the categories: Worker with a formal employment contract (4.2%, or R$ 118 more), Worker without a formal employment contract (6.7%, or R$ 137 more), Worker in the public sector (including statutory and military servants) (5.4%, or R$247 more) and Self-employed (6.0%, or R$144 more).
