IPCA-15 is 0.31% in January
January 26, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: January 26, 2024 02h16 PM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index -15 (IPCA-15) reached 0.31% in January, being 0.09 percentage points (pp) below the December rate (0.40%). In the last 12 months, the IPCA-15 was 4.47%, below the rate of 4.72% recorded in the previous 12 months. The IPCA-15 had been 0.55% in January 2023.
| Period | Rate |
|---|---|
| January 2024 | 0.31% |
| December 2023 | 0.40% |
| January 2023 | 0.55% |
| Cumulative in the year | 0.31% |
| Cumulative in the last 12 months | 4.47% |
Seven of the nine groups of products and services surveyed recorded increases in January. The highest change (1.53%) and the biggest impact (0.32 pp) came from Food and beverages. The group Health and personal care (0.56%) accelerated over the previous month (0.14%), whereas Housing (0.33%) recorded a less intense high in January. The group Transportation fell 1.13% in January and contributes with -0.24 pp. The other changes stood between the drop of 0.03% of Communication and a high of 0.56% of Personal expenses.
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (pp) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December | January | December | January | |
| General Index |
0.40 | 0.31 | 0.40 | 0.31 |
| Food and beverages | 0.54 | 1.53 | 0.12 | 0.32 |
| Housing | 0.48 | 0.33 | 0.07 | 0.05 |
| Household articles | -0.15 | 0.26 | -0.01 | 0.01 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.03 | 0.22 | 0.00 | 0.01 |
| Transportation | 0.77 | -1.13 | 0.16 | -0.24 |
| Health and personal care | 0.14 | 0.56 | 0.02 | 0.08 |
| Personal expenses | 0.56 | 0.56 | 0.06 | 0.06 |
| Education | 0.05 | 0.39 | 0.00 | 0.02 |
| Communication | -0.46 | -0.03 | -0.02 | 0.00 |
In the group of Food and beverages (1.53%), food at home rose by 2.04% in January. This result was a consequence of the highs in potatoes (25.95%), tomatoes (11.19%), rice (5.85%), fruits (5.45%) and meat (0.94%). Food away from home (0.24%) decelerated in relation to December (0.53%). Both meals (0.32%) and snacks (0.16%) recorded changes below those of the previous month (0.46% and 0.50%, respectively).
In Health and personal care (0.56%), the result was influenced by health insurance plans (0.77%) and by the items of personal hygiene (0.58%). The rises in deodorant (1.57%), skincare products (1.13%) and perfume (0.65%) stood out.
In the group Housing (0.33%) the result of residential electricity (-0,14) was influenced by the incorporation of changes on the ICMS tax rate in Recife (1.56%), Fortaleza (-0.18%) and Salvador (-3.89%), as of January 1st, as well as the residual appropriation of the adjustment of -1.41% in the tariffs of a of concessionaires surveyed in Porto Alegre (0.32%), as of November 22nd.
Also in Housing, the rise of water and sewage (0.56%) was influenced by tarrif changes over the following coverage areas of the survey: of 15.76% in Belém (6.00%), since November 28th; average increase of 4.21% in Belo Horizonte (2.79%), as of January 1st, and of 4.97% in one of the concessionnaires surveyed in Porto Alegre, as of December 1st.
In piped gas (1.01%), the following tarriff changes were incorporated: 3.30% in São Paulo (2.74%), as of December 10; average reduction of 0.45% in Rio de Janeiro (-0.23%) from January 1st; and a reduction of 6.82% in Curitiba (-3.15%), also from January 1st.
In the group of Transportation (-1.13% and -0.24 pp), the subitem airfare decreased by 15.24% and accounted for the main individual impact on the monthly index (-0.16 pp). As for fuels (-0.27%), there was reduction in the prices of ethanol (-2.23%), diesel fuel (-1.72%) and gasoline (-0.43%), whereas vehicles gas (2.34%) rose. The sub-item taxi increased by 0.69% due to increases, as of January 1st, of 4.21% in Rio de Janeiro (1.97%) and 4.61% in Salvador (2.18%).
Also in Transportation, the change in urban buses (-3.81%) was influenced by the average increase of 16.67% in Belo Horizonte (9.33%), as of December 29th; and in São Paulo (-21.88%), due to the application of free fares on Sundays and on some commemorative dates, from December 17th on. Still in São Paulo, there was increase of 13.64% in the fares of train (6.36%) and subway train (6.36%) as of January 1st. Because of the aforementioned rises, the integration of public transportation fell 11.56% in this area.
As for the regional indexes, ten areas rose in January. The biggest change was recorded in Belo Horizonte (0.88%), due to increases in urban buses (9.33%) and potatoes (34.30%). On the other hand, the lowest result occurred in Brasília (-0.41%), which saw a drop in the prices of airfare (-21.31%) and gasoline (-3.72%).
| Area | Weight by area (%) | Monthly change (%) | Cumulative change (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| December | January | Year | 12 months | ||
| Belo Horizonte | 10.04 | 0.35 | 0.88 | 0.88 | 4.97 |
| Fortaleza | 3.88 | 0.77 | 0.69 | 0.69 | 4.92 |
| Belém | 4.46 | 0.29 | 0.63 | 0.63 | 4.82 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.77 | 0.59 | 0.43 | 0.43 | 4.20 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | 0.29 | 0.42 | 0.42 | 4.88 |
| Recife | 4.71 | -0.26 | 0.36 | 0.36 | 3.31 |
| Salvador | 7.19 | 0.45 | 0.35 | 0.35 | 3.97 |
| Curitiba | 8.09 | -0.01 | 0.28 | 0.28 | 4.57 |
| Goiânia | 4.96 | 0.77 | 0.24 | 0.24 | 3.86 |
| São Paulo | 33.45 | 0.45 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 4.51 |
| Brasília | 4.84 | 0.68 | -0.41 | -0.41 | 4.70 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.40 | 0.31 | 0.31 | 4.47 |
In order to measure IPCA-15, prices collected from December 15 to January 14 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from November 14 to December 14 (base). The indicator refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, besides Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.
