Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 8.5% and underutilization rate hits 18,4% in quarter ended April
May 31, 2023 09h00 AM | Last Updated: June 06, 2023 01h38 AM
The unemployment rate (8,5%) of the quarter Feb-Apr 2023 was stable against that in the quarter Nov 2022-Jan 2023 (8.4%) and fell by 2.0 percentage points against the same moving quarter in the previous year (10.5%).
| Indicator/Period | Feb-Mar-Apr 2023 | Nov-Dec-Jan 2023 | Fev-Mar-Apr 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 8.5% | 8.4% | 10.5% |
| Underutilization rate | 18.4% | 18.7% | 22.5% |
| Real usual earnings | R$ 2,891 | R$ 2,894 | R$ 2,691 |
| Change of usual earnings in relation to: | (stable) | 7.5% | |
The unemployment population (9.1 million persons) also showed stability, against the previous quarter (9.0 million) and fell by 19.9% (2.3 million persons) in the year.
The number of employed persons (98.0 million) dropped 0.6% (by 605 thousand persons) against the previous quarter and increased by 1.6% (1.5 million persons) against the same quarter in 2022. The employment population rate (percentage of employed in the working age population), estimated at 56.2%, fell by 0.5 p.p. against the previous quarter (56.7%) and increased by 0.4% p.p. against the same quarter in 2022 (55.8%).
The compound underutilization rate (18.4%) fell in both comparisons: -0.3 p.p. against the quarter Nov 2022 - Jan 2023 (18.7%) and -4.1 p.p. against the quarter ended April 2022 (22.5%). The underutilized population (21.0 million person) fell by 2.5% (533 thousand persons) against the previous quarter and fell by 19.6% (5.1 million) per year.
Thetime-related underemployed population (5.1 million) was stable Against the previous quarter and fell by 23.0% in the year.
The population out of the labor force (67.2 million persons) decreased by 1.3% against the previous quarter (885 thousand more) and increased by 3.5% (2.3 million) a year.
The discouraged population (3.8 million persons) fell by 4.8% (192 thousand persons) against the previous quarter and 15.3% (682 thousand persons) in the annual comparison.
The percentage of discouraged persons in the labor force or discouraged population (3.4%) changed by -0.2 p.p. against the previous quarter and fell by 0.6 p.p. in the year.
The number of workers with a formal contract in the private sector (except domestic workers) was 36.8 million, being stable against the previous quarter and recording an increase of 4.4% (1.6 million persons more) in the annual comparison.
The number of workers without a formal contract in the private sector (12.7 million) dropped 2.9% (by 383 thousand persons) in the quarter and was stable in the annual comparison.
The number of self-employed workers (25.2 million persons) was stable in both comparisons.
The number of trabalhadores domésticos (5.7 million persons) fell by 3.2% in the quarter and was stable against the quarter ended April 2022.
The number of workers in the public sector (12.0 million persons) was stable Against the previous quarter and increased by 4.1% (473 thousand) in the annual comparison.
The informality rate was 38.9% of the employed population (or 38.0 million informal workers) versus 39% in the previous quarter and 40.1% in the same quarter a year ago.
The usual real earnings (R$ 2,891) remained stable against the previous quarter and increased by 7.5% in the year. The real usual wage bill (R$ 278.8 billion) was also stable from the previous quarter and increased by 9.6% in the annual comparison.
The remainder is temporarily in Portuguese.
In the moving quarter – Feb-Apr 2023, workforce (employed and unemployed persons) was estimated at 107.1 million, and fell in both comparisons: -0.5% (by 504 thousand persons) against the quarter Nov-2022 – Jan 2023 and – 0.7% (734 thousand) in the year.
Against the previous quarter, there was no increase in any groups of activity investigated by the survey. Decreases were observed in the following groups: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (by 2.4%, or 204 thousand persons), Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (by 1.4%, or 265 thousand persons) and Domestic services (3.3%, or 196 thousand persons).
Against the quarter Feb-Apr 2022, there were increases in: Transportation, storage and mailing (7.8%, or 395 thousand persons), Information, Communication and Financial, Real Estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (4.0%, or 461 thousand persons) and Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (4.6%, or 760 thousand persons). There was a decrease in the group Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (5.2%, or 455 thousand persons).
As for the average usual real earnings (R$2.891), against the previous quarter, there was stability in all the groups of activity.
From the same quarter in 2022, there were increases in nine of the ten groups of activity surveyed: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (6.0%, or R$ 104 more), Industry (5.1%, or R$ 134), Construction (6.4%, or R$ 138), Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (6.6%, or R$ 146), Lodging and feeding (11.6%, or R$ 202), Information, Communication and Financial, Real Estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (5.8%, or R$ 227), Public administration, defense and social security, education, human health and social services (6.8%, or R$ 259), Other services (8.3%, or R$ 171) and Domestic services (6.1%, or R$ 64). The Only category that remained stable was Transportation, storage and mailing.
All the employment categories showed stability in relation to the previous quarter. Against the same period in , there were increases in all the categories: Workers with a formal contract (3.4%, or R$ 90), Worker without a formal contract (8.9%, or R$ 160), Domestic worker or R$ 64), Worker in the public sector (including statutory civil servants and the military (6.1 or R$ 251), Employer (136%, or R$ 852) and Self-employed workers (9.0%, or R$ 191).
