Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 8.8% and underutilizationn rate is 18.9% in quarter ended March
April 28, 2023 09h00 AM | Last Updated: April 28, 2023 07h58 PM
The unemployment rate (8.8%) of the quarter January-March 2023 increased by 0.9 percentage points (p.p.) from the quarter October-December 2023 (7.9%) and dropped 2.4 p.p. against the same period in the previous year (11.1%)
| Indicator/Period | Jan-Feb-Mar 2023 | Oct-Nov-Dec 2022 | Jan-Fev-Mar 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 8.8% | 7.9% | 11.1% |
| Underutilization rate | 18.9% | 18.5% | 23.2% |
| Usual real earnings | R$ 2,880 | R$ 2,861 | R$ 2,682 |
| Change of usual real earnings in relation to: | 0.7% | 7.4% | |
The unemployed population (9.4 million) increased by 10.0% (by 860 thousand persons) in against the previous quarter and fell by 21.1% (2.5 million persons).
The number of employed persons (97.8 million) dropped 1.6% (by 1.5 million persons) against the previous quarter and increased by 2.7% (by 2.6 million persons) against the same quarter a year ago. Estimated at 56.1%, the employment-population ratio - percentage of employed persons in the population at working age - fell 1.0 p.p. against the previous quarter (57.2%) and increased 1.0% against the same quarter a year ago (55.2%).
The compound underutilization rate (18.9%) increased by 0.4 p.p. in relation to the quarter October - December 2022 (18.5%) and decreased by 4.3 p.p. from the quarter ended March 2022 (23.2%). The underutilized population (21.6 million persons) was stable against the previous quarter and fell by 19.5% in the annual comparison.
The time-related underemployed population (5.0 million) fell 7.7 against the previous quarter and by 23.0% in the year.
The population outside the labor force (67 million persons) grew 1.6% against the previous quarter (1.1 million persons more) and 2.3% in the annual comparison (1.5 million).
The discouraged population (3.9 million persons )remained stable from the previous quarter and dropped 15.7% (by 723 thousand persons) in the annual comparison. The percentage of discouraged persons in the workforce (3.5%) remained stable against the previous quarter and dropped 0.6 p.p. against the same quarter a year ago.
The number of employees with a formal employment contract in the private sector (except domestic workers) amounted to 36.7 million persons, being stable against the previous quarter and having increased by 5.2% (by 1.8 million persons) in the annual comparison.
The number of employees without a formal contract in the private sector (12.8 million persons) decreased by 3.2% (430 thousand persons) in relation to the previous quarter and increased by 4.8% (590 thousand million persons) in the year.
The number of self-employed persons (25.2 million persons) remained stable in both comparisons.
The number of domestic workers (5.7 million persons) was stable against both the previous quarter and the quarter ended March 2022.
The number of employers (4.2 million persons) remained stable in both comparisons.
The number of employees in the public sector (11.8 million persons) dropped 2.8% against the previous quarter and grew 4.6% in the annual comparison.
The informality rate was 39.0% of the employed population (or 38.1 million informal workers) against 38.8% in the previous quarter and 40.1% in the same quarter a year ago.
The usual real earnings (R$2,880) stood stable against the previous quarter and increased 7.4% in the year. The usual real wage bill (estimated at R$ 277.2 billion) was also stable from the previous quarter, but increased 10.8% in the annual comparison.
In the moving quarter January-March 2023, workforce (employed and unemployed persons) was estimated at 107.3 million persons, having decreased 0.6% (685 thousand persons) against the quarter October-December 2022, being stable from the same quarter a year ago.
Against the previous moving quarter, there was no increase in the number of employed persons in any groups of activity surveyed. The following groups recorded decreases: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (2.4% or 201 thousand persons), Construction (2.9%, or 215 thousand persons), Trade,repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (1.5%, or 294 thousand persons), Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (2.4%, or 415 thousand persons) and Other services (4.3%, or 231 thousand persons).
The following categories increased against the quarter January-March 2022: Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (3.0%, 552 thousand more persons), Transportation, storage and mailing (7.9%, or 396 thousand persons), Information, Communication and Financial, Real Estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (5.9%, or 673 thousand persons), Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (5.0%, 815 thousand persons) and Other services (4.3%, or 215 thousand persons). The only drop was in the group Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (5.2% or 456 thousand persons).
The average usual real earnings (R$2,880.00) against the previous moving quarter grew in the following categories: Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (3.5% or R$82) and Domestic Services (1.9% or R$21). Transportation, storage and mailing recorded decrease (3.8%, or R$ 107).
Against the quarter ended March 2023, increases were observed in the following categories: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, fishing and aquaculture (6.6%, or R$ 114), Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (7.6% or R$168), Transportation, storage and mailing (5.3%, or R$ 144), Information, Communication and Financial, Real estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (7.7%, or R$ 296), Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (6.2%, or R$236), Other services (10.7%, or R$ 219) and Domestic services (5.3%, or R$ 56).
Among the employment types, against the previous quarter, the following categories recorded increases: Employees with a formal contract in the private sector (4.7%, or R89 and Domestic workers (1.9%, or R$21) The other categories did not record significant changes.
From the same period in 2022, increases were observed in all the positions. Employees with a formal contract (4.0% or R$105), Employees without a formal contract (14.6% or R$252), Domestic workers (5.3% or more R$56), Employees in the public sector (including statutory officials and the military) (4.7% or R$196), Employers (11.5% or R$739) and Self-employed persons (8.9% or more R$188).
