In September, the production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds estimated for 2022 is must reach 261.9 million tonnes, 3.4% more than in 2021 and 0.1% below the result of August. The area to be harvested amounts to 73.2 million hectares, 6.8% more than in 2021 and 0.2% more than in August.

Rice, corn and soybeans were the three main products in this group, and, together, represented 91.5% of the production estimate and accounted for 87.1% of the area to be harvested. From 2021, there were increases of 10.4% in the area for corn (an increase of 6.8% for corn 1st crop and of 11.7% for corn 2nd crop). The production of upland cotton seed increased by 17.8%, that of soybeans, by 4.9% and that of wheat, by 9.2%. On the other hand, the area for rice dropped 2.5%.

The september estimate for soybeans was of 119.5 million tonnes and that for corn, 109.6 million tonnes (25.4 million tonnes of corn - 1st crop and 84.2 million tonnes of corn - 2nd crop). The output of rice was estimated at 10.7 million tonnes and that of wheat, at 9.6 million tonnes; and that of cottonseed, at 6.7 million tonnes.

The production estimate of cereals, legumes and oilseeds increased in four Major Regions: Central-West (11.4%), North (11.0%), Southeast (10.8%) and Northeast (10.3%) and it recorded a negative annual change in the South (-14.6%). In the month, the North (2.8%) and Southeast (1.6%) recorded increases, whereas the Northeast (-0.1%) and South, decreases (-0.9%). The Central West region remained stable.

Mato Grosso leads as main national producer of grain with a share of 30.8%, followed by Paraná (12.9%), Goiás (10.3%), Rio Grande do Sul (9.8%), Mato Grosso do Sul (8.1%) and Minas Gerais (6.5%). These states, together, account for 78.4% of the expected harvest. As for participation of the Brazilian Major Regions, the distribution was as follows: Central-West (49.6%), South (24.8%), Southeast (10.6%), Northeast (9.7%) and North (5.3%).

Highlights in the September 2022 estimate in relation to the previous month

Against the previous month, increase was observed in the production estimates of potatoes - 3rd crop (7.7% or 76 914 t), barley (4.7% or 24 332 t), orange (1.3% or 222 818 t), soybeans (0.6% or 663 051 t), potatoes - 2nd crop (0.3% or 4 085 t), potatoes - 1st crop (0.2% or 3 455 t), and corn - 2nd crop (0.1% or 93 451 t), and decrease in oats (-4.0% or -47 936 t), coffea arabica (-3.7% or -78 949 t), sugarcane(-3.3% or -21 029 128 t), corn - 1st crop (-1.8% or -465 976 t), wheat (-0.9% or -85 802 t) and coffea canephora (-0.7% or -7 646 t).

Among the Major Regions, the volume of production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds presented the following distribution: Central-West, 129.8 million tonnes (49.6%); South, 65.1 million tonnes (24.8%); Southeast, 27.6 million tonnes (10.6%); Northeast, 25.4 million tonnes (9.7%) and North, 14.0 million tonnes (5.3%).

The main positive changes in the production estimate, from the previous month, came from São Paulo (412 101t), Rondônia (262 451 t), Pará (121 327 t), Rio Grande do Sul (33 720 t), Minas Gerais (5 812 t), Espírito Santo (4 084 t), Rio de Janeiro (3 t) and Maranhão (3 t). The main negative changes were those of Paraná (-610 127 t), Ceará (-25 081 t), and Alagoas (-6 504t).

POTATO– The eighth production estimate for potato, considering the three crops of the product, was 4.0 million tonnes, with an increase of 2.1% from August. The planted area and the area to be harvested grew 2.0%. In relation to 2021, the national production estimate of potatoes dropped 2.5%. A positive highlight was the state of São Paulo, with an increase of 10.4% in production.

The first crop, expected to account for 42.3% of the total amount of potatoes produced in the year, dropped 0.2% from the previous month. Production was estimated at 1.7 million tonnes. The second crop, which represented 30.9% of the total production, was estimated at 1.2 million tonnes, 0.3% above the August estimate. The production estimate of the third crop amounted to 1.1 million tonnes, with an increase of 7.7% from the previous month.

COFFEE BEAN - The Brazilian production estimate of coffee for 2022, considering both species, canephora and arabica, was of 3.1 million tonnes, a drop of 2.7% against the previous month and an increase of 6.6% against 2021. The average yield of 1 687 kg/ha, in turn, increased 5.0% in the annual comparison.

The estimated production of coffea arabica was of 2.0 million tonnes or 33.8 million 60-kg sacks, a drop of 3.7% against the previous month, and growth of 5.6% in relation to 2021. In 2022, the coffea arabica crop registered positive biennial production, which results in a significant increase. Nevertheless, the dry and excessively cold winter in 2021 reduced the expected potential.

As for coffea canephora, mostly known as conillon, the estimated output was of 1.1 million metric tons or 18.6 million 60-kg sacks, an increase of 2.5% in relation to the previous month and of 9.4% in relation to 2021.

SUGARCANE– The Brazilian output of sgarcane was 609.1 million tonnes, representing a reduction of 3.3% in relation to the previous month. The average yield of the sugarcane crops decreased 3.2%, hitting 71,828 kg/ha in the national average. Against 2021, there was a decrease of 2.35 in planted area and an increase of 2.2% in average yield.

Despite their influence of the development of sugarcane crops, wheather-related problems were not as severe as in 2021, when, besides lack of rain, there were frosts in important producing states.

WINTER CEREALS – The main winter cereals produced in Brazil are wheat, white oat and barley. The estimated production of wheat was 9.6 million tonnes, a decline of 0.9% against the previous month and an increase of 23.0% in relation to 2021, and the average yield is expected to reach 3 167 kg/ha, an increase of 12.6%.

The output estimate of oat was 1.2 million tonnes, with a decrease of 4.0% against the previous month and an increase of 9.2% against 2021. In the case of barley, which amounted to 540.7 thousand tonnes, there was an increase of 4.7% against the previous month and of 23.8% against 2021. The main producers are Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, which represent 96.6% of the total national production.

ORANGE– The estimated output of orange was 16.7 million tonnes, an increase of 1.3% against the previous month and of 4.4% against 2021. The average yield of this product increased 7.3%, and reached 28 865 kg/ha, although the area fell by 5.5%. In relation to August, the North Region was the only one recording decrease (0.4%). There was stability in the Northeast and Central West, with increases of 1.6% in the Southeast and 0.1% in the South.

CORN GRAIN – The production estimate of corn hit 109.9 million tonnes, representing a decline of 0.3% against the previous month, and an increase of 24.8% from 2021 or 21.8 million tonnes more. Differently from the previous year, in 2022, the wheather had an impact on the 2nd crops, mainly corn, due to the early harvest of soybeans.

The production estimate for the first crop was 25.4 million tonnes, representing a decrease of 1.8% from the previous month. In September, against the previous month, the estimates of Rondônia (-74.6%), Ceará (-3.3%), Espírito Santo (-12.3%) and São Paulo (-9.8%) recorded decrease.

The production estimate for the first crop was 25.4 million tonnes, representing a decrease of 1.8% from the previous month. In September, against the previous month, the estimates of Rondônia (-74.6%), Ceará (-3.3%), Espírito Santo (-12.3%) and São Paulo (-9.8%) recorded decrease.

For corn - 2nd crop, the estimated production reached 84.2 million tonnes, an increase of 0.1% in relation to the previous month, and of 35.5% in relation to 2021, with a growth of 9.8% in planted area and of 11.7% in the area to be harvested. The annual average yield recorded an increase of 21.4% (5 260 kg/ha). The Brazilian output of corn - 2nd crop hit a record in the IBGE time series, resulting from increased investments in the crop, motivated by the excellent prices of the product and by the weather conditions.

SOYBEAN – The national production remained at 119.5 million metric tons, with an increase of 0.6% against the previous month, and a decrease of 11.4% from 2021. The impacts of the prolonged dry period in the Central South were reflected in the Brazilian production of soybenas in 2022. The harvested area was estimated at 40.9 million hectares, with an increase of 0.1% from the previous month and of 4.9% from 2021. The participation of soybean in the total volume of cereals, legumes and oilseeds produced in the country in 2022 was of 45.6%, the most relevant in the group.