The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) was 0.95% in November and stood 0.30 percentage points (p.p.) below the October's rate (1.25%). It was the highest change for November since 2015 (1.01%). The cumulative index in the year stayed at 9.26% and, in the last 12 months, at 10.74%, above the rate of 10.67% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The cumulative change in 12 months was the highest one since November 2003 (11.02%). In November 2020, the monthly change amounted to 0.89%.

Of the nine groups of products and services surveyed, seven rose in November. Transportation accounted for the biggest change (3.35%) and for the major impact (0.72 p.p.). The contribution of this group, individually, corresponded to nearly 76% of the month´s index (0.72 p.p. of the total 0.95 p.p.). The second biggest impact (0.17 p.p.) was Housing (1.03%), whose result stood close to the previous month (1.04%). It was followed by Personal expenses (0.57%), which contributed with 0.06 p.p. On the dropping side, the highlights were Health and personal care (-0.57%) and Food and beverages (-0.04%) with impacts of -0.07 p.p. and -0.01 p.p., respectively. The other groups stood between 0.02% (Education) and 1.03% of Household articles.

The result of Transportation (3.35%) was mainly influenced by the rise in gasoline prices  (7.38%), which contributed with the biggest individual impact to the month´s index (0.46 p.p.). With the November´s result, the cumulative change of that fuel over the last 12 months was 50.78%. The prices of ethanol (10.53%), diesel oil (7.48%) and vehicular gas (4.30%) also rose.

Still in Transportation, the rises in new cars (2.36%) and used cars (2.38%) stood out, with higher changes than those in October (1.77% and 1.13%, respectively). The prices of motorcycles (1.29%), in turn, rose less than in the previous month (1.86%).

Among the negative changes, airfare stood out by retreating 6.12%, after rises of 28.19% in September and of 33.86% in October. In urban bus (-0.05%), the drop was due to the reduction of 12.50% in the prices of tickets in Rio Branco (-11.84%), valid since October 27.

In Housing (1.03%), the biggest contribution (0.06 p.p.) came once again from electricity (1.24%).  The “water scarcity” tariff flag has been in effect since September, adding R$14.20 to the electricity bill per 100 kWh consumed. The variation among the areas was from -1.92% in Belém, where PIS/Cofins was reduced, up to 10.96% in Goiânia, where the fare was adjusted by 16.37% since October 22. Adjustments were also registered in Brasília (8.28%), of 11.69%, in force since October 22; in São Paulo (0.98%), of 16.44% in one of the concessionaires since October 23; and in Porto Alegre (-1.07%), rise of 14.70% in one of the concessionaires since November 22. The drop in Porto Alegre was due to the reduction of PIS/Cofins.

Also in the group of Housing, the result of water and sewage (0.52%) was due to the adjustments of 9.86% in Rio de Janeiro (6.78%), in force since November 8; of 9.00% in Vitória (0.73%), where the methodology that calculates the fare also changed, since October 1st; and of 9.05% in Salvador (0.28%), in force since November 29.

In the case of piped gas (2.00%), the rise was exclusively due to the adjustment of 6.90% in the fare in Rio de Janeiro (6.30%) since November 1st. The rise in bottled gas (2.12%) also stood out, contributing with 0.03 p.p. to the month´s index and accumulating 38.88% of change over the last 12 months.

In Personal expenses (0.57%), the highlights were lodging (2.57%) and tourism package (2.28%), which had already risen in the previous month (2.25% and 3.70%, respectively). In addition, manicurist (1.72%) and toys (2.77%) also rose.

The result of the group of Health and personal care (-0.57%) was a consequence, to a great extent, of the drop in the prices of personal hygiene items (-3.00%). Perfumes (-10.66%), make-up articles (-3.94%) and skin care products (-3.72%) stood out. Furthermore, the change in health plans (-0.06%) remained negative, reflecting the reduction of 8.19% established in July by the National Regulatory Agency for Private Health Insurance and Plans (ANS) for individual health plans. On the rising side, the prices of pharmaceuticals increased 1.13%, contributing with 0.04 p.p. to the November´s index.

The negative change in the group of Food and beverages (-0.04%) was due to food away from home (-0.25%), whose result was influenced by the snacks sub-item (-3.37%). Meals (1.10%), in turn, accelerated in relation to the previous month (0.74%).

In food at home (0.04%), the most intense drops in the prices of long-life milk (-4.83%), rice (-3.58%) and meat (-1.38%) stood out. On the other hand, the prices of onions (16.34%), which had dropped in October (-1.31%), and of ground coffee (6.87%) significantly rose. Other sub-items like refined sugar (3.23%), chicken pieces (2.24%) and cheese (1.39%) remained rising.

Except for the metropolitan area of Belém (-0.03%), all the areas surveyed rose in November. The negative change in Belém was mainly due to the items personal hygiene (-6.51%) and electricity (-1.92%). The highest rise was in the municipality of Campo Grande (1.47%), where gasoline (8.89%) and new cars (4.46%) weighted.

In order to estimate the month´s index, the prices collected from October 29 to November 29, 2021 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 29 to October 28, 2021 (base). The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.

INPC rises to 0.84% in November

The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) rose 0.84% in November, 0.32 p.p. below the October´s rate (1.16%). The cumulative index in the year stayed at 9.36% and, in 12 months, at 10.96%, below the rate of 11.08% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The rate had been 0.95% in November 2020.

After the rise of 1.10% registered in October, food products recorded a negative change (-0.03%) in November. Non-food products remained rising (1.11%), though the result stood below that reported in the previous month (1.18%).

All the areas recorded positive changes in November. The lowest index was registered in the metropolitan area of Belém (0.11%), due to the retreat in personal hygiene (-5.89%) and electricity (-1.91%). The highest change was in the metropolitan area of Salvador (1.31%), mainly impacted by the rise of 10.80% in the prices of gasoline.

In order to estimate the month´s index, the prices collected from October 29 to November 29, 2021 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 29 to October 28, 2021 (base). The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.