The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) was 0.53% in June, standing 0.30 percentage points below the May´s rate (0.83%). The cumulative index in the year stayed at 3.77% and, in the last 12 months, at 8.35%, above the rate of 8.06% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The monthly change had been 0.26% in June 2020.

Of the nine groups of products and services surveyed, eight rose their prices in June. The biggest impact (0.17 p.p.) came from the group of Housing, whose prices increased 1.10%. It was followed by Food and beverages (0.43%) and Transportation (0.41%), whose impacts were of 0.09 p.p. The highest change this month (1.21%) came from the group of Wearing apparel, which accelerated in relation to the month of May (0.92%) and contributed with 0.05 p.p. The other groups stood between the drop (-0.12% ) in Communication and the rise in Household articles (1.09%).

The group of Housing (1.10%) increased less than in May (1.78%), mainly due to the deceleration of electricity (1.95%) in relation to the previous month (5.37%). Even so, that item exerted the biggest individual impact on the month´s index (0.09 p.p.). Curitiba (4.11%) registered an average adjustment of 8.97% in the fare since June 24. In June, the red tariff flag level 2 came into force, adding R$6.243 to the fare at each 100 kilowatt-hour consumed. It is worth reminding that the red tariff flag level 1 was applied in May, adding less to the fare (R$4.169).

Still in Housing, water and sewage fees (1.04%) stood out, as a consequence of the adjustments of 7.10% in São Paulo (2.42%), in force since May 10, and of 5.78% in Curitiba (3.43%), in force since May 17. Brasília (-2.40%) recorded an average reduction of 2.74% in the fare since June 1st. The prices of bottled gas (1.58%) and piped gas (5.01%) also rose. In the sub-item piped gas, the rise was due to the adjustment of 9.63% in São Paulo (8.73%) since May 31. In addition, the adjustments of 13% in Rio de Janeiro (0.42%) and of 7.04% in Curitiba (0.23%) also contributed, both of them in force since May 1st.

In the group of Food and beverages, the rise of 0.43% was close to that in the previous month (0.44%). Food at home changed from 0.23% in May to 0.33% in June, mainly due to meat (1.32%), which increased for the fifth consecutive month and accrued a rise of 38.17% in 12 months. On the dropping side, potatoes (-15.38%), onions (-13.70%), tomatoes (-9.35%) and fruits (-2.69%) stood out.

Food away from home (0.66%) decelerated in relation to May (0.98%), mainly due to snacks (0.24%), whose prices had risen 2.10% in the previous month. Meals increased 0.85%, while it had risen 0.63% in May.

In the group of Transportation (0.41%), fuels increased 0.87% and accrued a rise of 43.92% in the last 12 months. Once again, the biggest impact (0.04 p.p.) came from gasoline (0.69%), whose prices had risen 2.87% in May. The prices of ethanol (2.14%), diesel fuel (1.10%) and vehicular gas (0.16%) also rose in June.

Still in Transportation, motorcycles (0.90%), new cars (0.51%) and used cars (0.58%) remained high. Some products and services related to those sub-items, which was the case of tire (2.10%) and car repair (0.43%) registered a similar behavior. In public transportation (-0.61%), subway fare (1.76%) in Rio de Janeiro (5.65%) - increase of 16%, valid since May 11 - and intercity bus (0.34%) in Salvador (4.88%), where the increase of 6.80% was applied on June 1st, were adjusted. On the dropping side, the prices of airfare declined 5.57%, with an impact of -0.02 p.p. on the month´s result.

The result of the group of Health and personal care (0.51% and 0.07 p.p.) was mainly influenced by health plan (0.67%) and items of personal hygiene (0.68%), both with 0.03 p.p. of impact.

Wearing apparel (1.21%) was the group with the highest change and contributed with 0.05 p.p. to the June´s IPCA. The acceleration of footwear and accessories (1.53%), men’s wearing apparel (1.52%) and women’s wearing apparel (1.10%) stood out, which had risen 0.79%, 1.21% and 1.02%, respectively, in May.

All the areas surveyed reported a positive change in June. The highest index was in the metropolitan area of Recife (0.92%), influenced by the rise in the prices of gasoline (4.92%) and electricity (2.78%). The lowest result occurred in Brasília (0.17%), due to the drop in the prices of fruits (-7.53%) and water and sewage fees (-2.40%).

INPC rises 0.60% in June

The National Consumer Price Index - INPC was of 0.60% in June, 0.36 p.p. below the May´s figure (0.96%). The cumulative index in the year stayed at 3.95% and, in the last 12 months, at 9.22%, above the rate of 8.90% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. In June 2020, the rate had been 0.30%.

Food products increased 0.47% in June, standing below the May´s figure (0.53%). Non-food products rose 0.64% against 1.10% in May.

All the areas surveyed recorded positive changes. The lowest index was in Brasília (0.14%), due to the drop in the prices of fruits (-6.83%) and water and sewage fees (-1.71%). The metropolitan areas of Recife and Salvador posted the highest change (0.90%). Those rises were influenced by electricity (2.85% in Recife and 2.53% in Salvador) and gasoline (4.92% in Recife and 2.22% in Salvador).

In order to estimate the month´s index, the prices collected from May 28 to June 28, 2021 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from April 30 to May 27, 2021 (base). The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.