In 2016, there were 237 thousand Private Foundations and Non-Profit Associations (FASFIL) in Brazil, representing 4.3% of the enterprises of the Central Register of Enterprises (CEMPRE) 2016. Compared to previous years, there was a drop in the number of active FASFIL enterprises, both over 2013 (-14.0%) and 2010 (-16.5%).

The FASFIL companies had their focus mainly on Religion (35.1%), Culture and recreation (13.6%) and Development and advocacy (12,8%). They were more concentrated in the Southeast (48.3%), South (22.2%) and Northeast (18.8%) and less concentrated in the North (3.9%) and Central-West (6.8%).

Out of those institutions, 64.5% did not had any salaried workers. In the others, there were 2.3 million employed persons with average earnings of R$2,653.33 per month in 2016. Most of FASFIL's workers were women (66.0%), whose average earnings (R$2,395.52) corresponded to 76.0% of men's (R$3,151.83).

As to schooling, though 35.4% of the salaried workers of those entities had a higher degree, more than twice as many as the total seen for all enterprises (13.8%), their earnings represented 5.1 minimum wages - lower than salaried workers with the same schooling level in the total of CEMPRE's enterprises (6.3 minimum wages).

Between 2010 and 2016, the salaried employed persons in FASFIL grew 11.7% and the average monthly salaries raised 8.2%, in real terms. Between 2013 and 2016, the number of employed persons grew as well (1.9%), but the average monthly salaries had a real loss (0.7%). Information such as this and further data are available in the study 2016 Private Foundations and Non-Profit Organizations in Brazil. The complete publication can be accessed on this page.

Number of active FASFIL falls 16.5% in relation to 2010

In 2016, there were 237 thousand private foundations and non-profit associations - FASFIL (non-profit, private, institutionalized, self-administered and voluntary associations), which represented 4.3% of the 5.5 million public and private entities (profit and non-profit) of CEMPRE. In comparison with previous years, there was a decrease in the number of FASFIL active enterprises both in relation to 2013 (-14.0%) and 2010 (-16.5%).

Regionally, in 2016, almost half of those entities were in the Southeast (48.3%), followed by the South (22.2%), Northeast (18.8%), North (3.9%) and Central-West Regions (6.8%). In relation to 2013, losses were higher in the North (-30.4%) and Northeast (-24.5%), with South (-11.6%), Central-West (-9.8%) and Southeast (-9.2%) below. Compared to 2010, the situation was similar: North (-32.9%), Northeast (-30.9%), Central-West (-14.7%), South (-10.8%) and Southeast (-9.1%)

Compared to 2010, all groups had drops, with higher loss proportions in Housing (-37.5%), Associations (-32.1%), Development and advocacy (-27.9%), Social assistance (- 21.6%) and Culture and recreation (-21.0%). In absolute numbers, the largest losses were those of the Employer and professional associations (-13.7 thousand units) and Development and advocacy (-11.8 thousand units). Religion lost only 0.6%, from 83.5 thousand to 83.1 thousand entities.

More than a third of FASFIL had a religious purpose

Of the total of FASFIL, 83,100 were in the Religion group (35.1%), 32.3 thousand in Culture and recreation (13.6%), 30.3 thousand in Development and advocacy (12.8 %), 29.0 thousand in professional associations (12.2%), 24.1 thousand in social assistance (10.2%), 15.9 thousand in other private non-profit institutions (6.7%),15.9 thousand in Education and research (6.7%), 4.7 thousand in Health (2.0%), 1.7 thousand in Environment and animal protection (0.7%), and 163 in Housing (0.1%).

In relation to 2013, the groups that lost most entities were Housing (-28.5%), Development and advocacy (-25.7%) and Employer and professional associations (-24.6%). The situation is similar to the comparison with 2010: Housing (-37.5%), Employer and professional associations (-32.1%), Development and advocacy (-27.9%).

More than half of entities did not have salaried employees

In 2016, in 64.5% of the institutions (152,900) there was not a single salaried employee. They probably relied on voluntary work and on self-employed service providers. Only 1.6% of the entities had more than 100 employees in 2016. Those units had 1.5 million people concentrated, 64.7% of the total employees of FASFIL.

Institutions without salaried workers were more common in the group of Religion (37.5%), Development and advocacy (16.4%) and Culture and recreation (14.3%). On the other hand, among the 3,700 institutions with 100 or more salaried persons, Education and research (37.7%) and Health (34.3%) prevailed.

In 2016, there were, on average, 9.8 employed persons per entity, with changes from 286.6 employees (hospitals) to 1.8 employees (religion) per entity. More than half of the salaried employed persons (58.2%) worked in institutions located in the Southeast, especially in the state of São Paulo (27.0%).

Employment and training and Housing paid lowest wages

FASFIL workers earned, on average, the equivalent of 3.0 minimum wages per month in 2016. The salary of the professionals who worked formally in those entities was R$80.3 billion, with an average of R$2,653.33 per person/month, the same average earning seen for all enterprises in CEMPRE, in the same year.

The lowest earnings were those of the Employment and training subgroups (1.4 minimum wages), Housing (1.7 minimum wages) and Neighborhood Associations (1.9 minimum wages). The highest were in Higher education (4.5 minimum wages), business and employer associations (4.2 minimum wages) and Studies and surveys (4.1 minimum wages).

Women were 66.0% of the salaried persons, but earned 24.0% less than men

In 2016, women represented 66.0% of the total salaried persons in FASFIL, a higher percentage than the one seen in CEMPRE (44.0%). The female prevalence occurred in all Regions of the country, being higher in the South (70.7%) and lower in the North (58.8%).

They were also higher in 17 of the 24 analyzed subgroups, staying above the average in the areas of Health (74.7%), Preschool (89.9%), Primary school (72.4%) and Social Assistance (72.7%). The presence of men was more evident in 7 of the 24 subgroups: Housing (71.1%), Neighborhood associations (67.1%), Sports and recreation (65.9%), Rural producers associations (65.0%), Rural development (58.2%), Environment and animal protection (55.2%) and in Culture and art (51.7%).

Women earned an average salary corresponding to 76.0% of men's earnings: that is equivalent to 3.6 minimum wages for men and 2.7 minimum wages for women, a slightly higher difference than the one seen for CEMPRE. There, women's earnings corresponded to 81.8% of men's average salaries.

The greatest salary differences were in the subgroups: Business and Employer Associations (5.2 minimum wages for men and 3.5 for women) and Sports and recreation (3.7 for men and 2.3 for women). Only in two subgroups do women earn more: Housing (1.6 for men and 2.0 for women) and Employment and training (1.3 for men and 1.4 for women).

Workers with a higher degree in FASFIL earned less than in the total of enterprises

In 2016, 35.4% of FASFIL employees had a higher degree, contrasting with the percentage of only 13.8% of people with higher education in the total number of employees of CEMPRE. The highest proportion of professionals with higher education was in the Education and research groups (59.2%) and the lowest in Housing (8.5%).

The average earnings of employees with a higher degree in FASFIL was 5.1 minimum wages, lower than that of salaried employees with the same schooling for all CEMPRE employees: 6.3 minimum wages. The earnings of FASFIL employees who did not have a higher degree was, on average, 1.9 minimum wages.

The highest earnings for the higher degree workers were seen in the subgroups of Business and employer associations (8.0 minimum wages), Environment and animal protection (6.8) and Other Health Services (6.5). Conversely, the lowest ones were in Community centers and associations (3.2), Rural development (3.1) and Early childhood education (2.6).

43.5% of the FASFIL created between 2011 and 2016 had religious purposes

The study also pointed out that FASFIL entities are relatively new in Brazil: 29.5% were created between 2001 and 2010 and 19.4% between 2011 and 2016, corresponding to 48.9% of the total. The oldest ones, created up to 1980, represented 13.6% of the total FASFIL in 2016, but their accounted for the highest percentage of the salaried persons, absorbing 45.7% of the personnel. Those created between 1981 and 1990 employed 14.3%; those between 1991 and 2000, 29.5%.

The distribution of the entities by Major Regions show important differences in relation to age. Among the oldest, created by the end of the 1970s, there was concentration in the Southeast. Among those created between 2001 and 2010, the contribution of entities with headquarters in the Northeast increased (21.7%). However, from 2011 on, the South recovered its participation rates, surpassing the Northeast.

Of the 45.7 thousand non-profit entities created among 2011 and 2016, 19.9 thousand (43.5%) had religious purposes - group with the highest increase in this period. Next, comes Culture and recreation (11.0%) and Other private non-profit institutions (9.9%).

From 2010 to 2016, the number of salaried persons in FASFIL grew 11.7% and salaries, 8.2%

Between 2010 and 2016, despite the fall of 16.5% in the number of FASFIL, the salaried employed persons grew by 11.7%. Proportionately, this growth was more significant in Health (25.5%), Religion (23.9%) and Development and advocacy (11.4%). In the absolute number of jobs created, however, there are great differences: in Health, 164,600 jobs were created; in Religion there were 29,000 and in Development and defense of rights, only 8,600.

Health and Education and research entities remained concentrating more than half of salaried employees in 2016. However, compared to 2010, there was a reduction in the number of workers in the Education and research groups, particularly in the subgroups Higher Education (-3.1%), Studies and Research (-17.2%), Professional Education (-11.4%) and Other forms of education (-13.0%). Only Preschool (45.4%) had its number of employees increased: from 57.2 thousand to 83.2 thousand employees.

The average monthly salaries of employed persons in FASFIL increased by 8.2% in real terms between 2010 and 2016, from R$2,451.48 to R$2,653.33. There were increases in all groups, except Housing (-4.6%) and Development and advocacy (-5.1%). In this group, losses occurred in the subgroups Employment and training (-23.7%) and Minority advocacy (-7.3%).

Between 2013 to 2016, the average monthly salaries of employed persons in FASFIL had a real loss of 0.7%.