IPCA-15 changes by 0.58% in October
October 23, 2018 09h00 AM | Last Updated: October 23, 2018 11h39 AM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) recorded a change of 0.58% in October, and was 0.49 percentage points (p.p.) above the September index (0.09%). It is the highest figure recorded in a month of October since 2015 (0.66%). The cumulative change in the year was 3.83%; against the last twelve months the index was 4.53%, above the 4.28% recorded in the preceding 12 months. In October 2017, the rate was 0.34%.
| Period | RATE |
|---|---|
| October 2018 | 0.58% |
| September 2018 | 0.09% |
| October 2017 | 0.34% |
| Cumulative in the year | 3.83% |
| Cumulative in 12 months | 4.53% |
Among the nine groups of products and services surveyed, Food and Beverages (0.44%) and Transportation (1.65%) reccorded acceleration from September to October, as shown in the table below. These two groups account for about 70% of the IPCA-15 in the month. Results for the other groups ranged between 0.01%, for Communication, and 0.66%, for Health and Personal Care.
| IPCA-15 - Groups - Change and Impact | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | ||
| September | October | September | October | |
| Overall Index | 0.09 | 0.58 | 0.09 | 0.58 |
| Food and Beverages | -0.41 | 0.44 | -0.10 | 0.11 |
| Housing | 0.30 | 0.15 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Household Articles | 0.32 | 0.49 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.00 | 0.28 | 0.00 | 0.02 |
| Transportation | 0.21 | 1.65 | 0.04 | 0.30 |
| Health and personal care | 0.26 | 0.66 | 0.03 | 0.08 |
| Personal expenses | 0.46 | 0.22 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Education | 0.10 | 0.21 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Communication | 0.02 | 0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços, Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor. | ||||
The prices of Food and beverages, after the decrease recorded in September (-0.41%), recorded acceleration in October (0.44%), due to the contribution of food at home, which recorded an increase of 0.52% against the decrease of 0.70% in September. This result was influenced by the rise of prices of items such as tomato (16.76%), fruits (1.90%) and meat (0.98%). On the other hand, onion (-8.48%), long-life milk (-4.10%) and eggs (-2.26%) keep the falling prices.
Food away from homr also accelerated from September (0.12%) to October (0.30%), being a highlight the hikes in snacks (from 0.06% in September mto 0.74% in October) and in meals (from 0.06% in September to 0.26% in October).
The group Transportation recorded the biggest change among the groups in the month of October (1.65%), due to the contribution of fuels which, after the decrease of 0.19% in September, had, in October, an increase of 4.74%. The liter of gasoline, the item with the biggest individual impact in the month, 0.21 percentage points, was more expensive, on the average, by 4.57%; the indexes in the areas surveyed ranged between 2.70% in the metropolitan area of Belém and 6.72% in the metropolitan area of Recife. The liter of ethanol rose, on average, 6.02% in October. Both gasoline and ethanol had recorded, in the previous month, a negative change in prices: -0.07% and -1.36%, respectively. Diesel, which had risen 2.41% in September, reached 5.71% in October.
In Health and Persona Care, which recorded 0.66% of change and 0.08 percentage points of impact on the index, the ighlights were the items personal hygiene (from -0.49% in September to 1.50% in October) and health insurance (from 0.81% in September to 0.75% in October). The latter reflects the monthly share of the adjustments in individual health insurance plans with contracts signed before 1999. The result includes the monthly share of the adjustment, minus the corresponding change in the months of July to September.
As for Housing (0.15%), the change of 0.08% in the item water and sewage reflects the adjustment of 9.98%, in Belém (5.56%), in effect since September 1st. Regarding piped gas (1.26%) the change encompasses the adjustment of 14.89% in the fares in Curitiba, from September 14 on. Also in Housing, the item electricity recorded a change of -0.08% in October, against 0.34% in September.
Considering regional indexes, all the areas surveyed recorded acceleration in prices from September to October, as can be observed in the table that follows. The metropolitan area of Pernambuco (0.35%) recorded the lowest result, due to the fall of 2.33% in electricity. The main result was that of the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre (0.91%), due to gasoline (4.50%).
| IPCA-15 - Areas | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Weight by Area (%) | Monthly change (%) | Cumulative change (%) | ||
| September | October | Year | 12 months | ||
| Porto Alegre | 8.40 | 0.05 | 0.91 | 4.57 | 5.51 |
| Curitiba | 7.79 | 0.18 | 0.78 | 3.97 | 4.13 |
| Salvador | 7.35 | -0.42 | 0.75 | 3.77 | 3.64 |
| Brasília | 3.46 | 0.36 | 0.65 | 3.13 | 4.26 |
| Goiânia | 4.44 | 0.53 | 0.59 | 3.10 | 5.36 |
| São Paulo | 31.68 | 0.16 | 0.58 | 4.16 | 5.20 |
| Fortaleza | 3.49 | -0.03 | 0.57 | 2.94 | 3.13 |
| Belém | 4.65 | 0.07 | 0.50 | 2.19 | 2.35 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 12.46 | 0.02 | 0.42 | 3.95 | 4.61 |
| Belo Horizonte | 11.23 | 0.18 | 0.40 | 4.12 | 4.42 |
| Recife | 5.05 | -0.21 | 0.35 | 2.94 | 3.39 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.09 | 0.58 | 3.83 | 4.53 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços, Sistema. Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor. | |||||
In order to estimate IPCA-15, the prices collected from September 14 to October 11 (reference) were compared with the ones in force from August 14 to September 13, 2018 (base). The indicator refers to families with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, Curitiba, as well as Brasília and Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.
