IPCA-15 is 0.64% in March
March 27, 2025 09h00 AM | Last Updated: March 27, 2025 02h43 PM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) rose 0.64% in March, 0.59 percentage points (pp) below the rate recorded in February (1.23%). The IPCA-E, which is the quarterly cumulative IPCA-15, stood at 1.99%, above the rate of 1.46% recorded in the same period in 2024. In 12 months, the IPCA-15 accumulated an increase of 5.26%, above the 4.96% observed in the preceding 12 months. In March 2024, the IPCA-15 was 0.36%.
| Period | Rate |
|---|---|
| March 2025 | 0.64% |
| February 2025 | 1.23% |
| March 2024 | 0.36% |
| Cumulative in the year | 1.99% |
| Cumulative in the last 12 months | 5.26% |
All nine groups of products and services surveyed recorded positive change in March, with a highlight to the Food and beverages group, with the largest change (1.09%) and impact (0.24 pp), followed by Transportation (0.92% and 0.19 pp). Together, the two groups account for nearly 2/3 of the index. The other changes ranged from 0.03% for Household articles to 0.81% for Personal expenses.
| IPCA-15 and IPCA-E - Change and impact in the groups | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Monthly Change (%) | Impact | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
| (pp) | ||||||
| January | February | March | March | Quarter | 12 months | |
| General Index | 0.11 | 1.23 | 0.64 | 0.64 | 1.99 | 5.26 |
| Food and beverages | 1.06 | 0.61 | 1.09 | 0.24 | 2.78 | 7.30 |
| Housing | -3.43 | 4.34 | 0.37 | 0.06 | 1.13 | 3.93 |
| Household articles | 0.72 | 0.38 | 0.03 | 0.00 | 1.13 | 1.84 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.46 | -0.08 | 0.28 | 0.01 | 0.65 | 3.32 |
| Transportation | 1.01 | 0.44 | 0.92 | 0.19 | 2.39 | 5.35 |
| Health and personal care | 0.64 | 0.54 | 0.35 | 0.05 | 1.54 | 5.61 |
| Personal expenses | 0.40 | 0.01 | 0.81 | 0.08 | 1.22 | 5.41 |
| Education | 0.25 | 4.78 | 0.07 | 0.00 | 5.12 | 6.30 |
| Communication | 0.15 | -0.06 | 0.32 | 0.01 | 0.41 | 1.78 |
| Source: IBGE. Diretoria de Pesquisas. Coordenação de Índices de Preços. Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor, | ||||||
In the Food and beverages group (1.09%), food at home accelerated from 0.63% in February to 1.25% in March. The increases in the price of hen eggs (19.44%), tomatoes (12.57%), ground coffee (8.53%) and fruits (1.96%) contributed to this result.
Food away from home (0.66%) also accelerated in relation to February (0.56%), due to the increase in the price of meals (0.43% in February to 0.62% in March). Snacks (0.68%) recorded a lower change than that recorded in the previous month (0.77%).
In the Transportation group (0.92%), the highlight is fuels (1.88%), with increases in the prices of diesel fuel (2.77%), ethanol (2.17%), gasoline (1.83%) and vehicle gas (0.08%). The train sub-item showed an high of 1.90% due to the 7.04% increase in fares in Rio de Janeiro (4.25%), starting on February 2.
Also in Transportation, intercity buses (0.46%) saw an average rise of 14% in Porto Alegre (4.99%), starting on February 1st.
In Personal expenses (0.81%), the result was influenced by cinema, theater and concerts (7.42%), with the cinema weekend in February.
In the Housing group, which slowed from 4.34% in February to 0.37% in March, the result for residential electricity (0.43%) includes the rise of 1.37% in one of the concessionaires in Rio de Janeiro (-0.12%), starting on March 15th, with the drop recorded due to the reduction in the PIS/COFINS rate.
In the result for piped gas (-0.51%), the following tariff adjustments were incorporated starting on February 1st: in Rio de Janeiro (-0.92%), an average reduction of 1.55%; and in Curitiba (-1.79%), a reduction of 3.01%.
Regionally, all areas saw an increase in March. The largest change was recorded in Curitiba (1.12%), due to the increases in gasoline (7.06%) and ethanol (6.16%). The lowest result occurred in Fortaleza (0.34%), which saw a drop in the prices of residential electricity (-1.69%) and gasoline (-0.90%).
| IPCA-15 and IPCA-E - Change by areas | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Weight by Area (%) | Monthly Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
| January | February | March | Quarter | 12 months | ||
| Curitiba | 8.09 | 0.16 | 1.11 | 1.12 | 2.41 | 5.47 |
| Brasília | 4.84 | 0.26 | 1.34 | 0.78 | 2.39 | 5.73 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | -0.13 | 1.08 | 0.78 | 1.73 | 4.60 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.77 | 0.00 | 1.32 | 0.63 | 1.96 | 5.11 |
| Belém | 4.46 | 0.01 | 1.39 | 0.62 | 2.02 | 4.87 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10.04 | 0.13 | 1.27 | 0.62 | 2.04 | 5.89 |
| São Paulo | 33.45 | 0.09 | 1.20 | 0.60 | 1.90 | 5.32 |
| Salvador | 7.19 | 0.28 | 1.36 | 0.58 | 2.23 | 5.43 |
| Recife | 4.71 | 0.06 | 1.49 | 0.43 | 1.99 | 4.61 |
| Goiânia | 4.96 | 0.53 | 0.99 | 0.41 | 1.95 | 5.38 |
| Fortaleza | 3.88 | 0.21 | 1.10 | 0.34 | 1.66 | 4.57 |
| Brasil | 100.00 | 0.11 | 1.23 | 0.64 | 1.99 | 5.26 |
| Source: IBGE. Diretoria de Pesquisas. Coordenação de Índices de Preços. Sistema Nacional de Índices de Preços ao Consumidor, | ||||||
To calculate the IPCA-15, prices were collected from February 13 to March 17, 2025 (reference) and compared with those in effect from January 15 to February 12, 2025 (base).
The indicator refers to families with incomes of 1 to 40 minimum wages and covers the Metropolitan Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, as well as Brasília and the city of Goiânia. The methodology used is the same as that used for the IPCA, the difference being the period of price collection and in the geographical scope.
