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Continuous PNAD: annual average unemployment rates are the lowest in time series in 14 Federation Units

February 14, 2025 09h00 AM | Last Updated: February 17, 2025 04h43 PM

The unemployment rate (6.2%) did not register any significant change against the previous quarter (6.4%) and dropped 1.2 p.p. The Brazilian unemployment rate was 6.2% in the fourth quarter of 2024, not significantly changing in relation to the previous quarter (6.4%) and retreating 1.2 p.p. over the same moving quarter in 2023 (7.4%). The annual average rate fell from 7.8% in 2023 to 6.6% in 2024, the lowest annual average in the time series, started in 2012. The highest average unemployment rates in 2024 were in Bahia, Pernambuco (both with 10.8%), Federal District (9.6%) and Rio de Janeiro (9.3). The lowest average annual unemployment rates were in Mato Grosso (2.6%), Santa Catarina (2.9%) and Rondônia (3.3%).

The average annual underutilization rate for Brazil was 16.2%. Piauí (32.7%) registered the highest rate, followed by Bahia (28.9%) and Alagoas (26.4%), whereas the lowest annual rates were in Santa Catarina (5.5%), Rondônia (7.0%) and Mato Grosso (7.7%).

The average annual informality rate for Brazil was 39.0% of the employed population.

The highest annual averages were in Pará (58.1%), Piauí, (56.6%) and Maranhão (55.3%) and the lowest ones, in Santa Catarina (26.4%), Federal District (29.6%) and São Paulo (31.1%).

The annual average of the usual real earnings from all jobs hit R$3,225.

The highest averages were in Federal District (R$5,043), São Paulo (R$3,907) and
Paraná (R$3,758). The lowest averages were in Maranhão (R$2,049),
Ceará (R$2,071) and Bahia (R$2,165).

  2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024
Brazil 7.4 7.3 7.0 8.9 11.7 12.6 12.2 11.8 13.8 14.0 9.6 7.8 6.6
Rondônia 5.7 5.2 3.9 5.7 8.2 7.6 9.4 8.1 10.0 9.4 4.2 3.2 3.3
Acre 9.1 8.5 8.2 8.9 10.5 14.2 13.4 14.7 15.7 16.2 12.4 7.5 6.4
Amazonas 9.7 9.9 8.7 9.5 14.0 14.5 13.9 14.1 14.8 15.4 13.1 9.9 8.4
Roraima 8.0 7.8 7.5 8.9 8.7 10.5 13.0 14.9 16.6 13.8 4.9 6.6 7.5
Pará 7.4 7.1 7.8 9.4 11.4 11.4 11.6 10.6 10.5 13.0 9.7 7.7 7.2
Amapá 13.3 12.5 12.6 10.9 16.0 17.4 20.7 16.3 16.8 14.4 13.7 11.3 8.3
Tocantins 7.9 7.1 6.6 9.8 12.2 10.9 10.9 12.0 11.2 14.2 7.6 5.8 5.5
Maranhão 7.9 8.1 7.6 8.8 11.9 13.5 14.6 14.1 15.5 17.5 11.4 7.9 7.1
Piauí 6.0 7.4 6.0 8.2 9.9 12.2 12.8 12.2 14.6 13.0 10.0 9.8 7.2
Ceará 7.8 7.7 7.1 8.8 11.9 12.4 11.6 11.1 13.3 14.0 9.4 8.5 7.0
Rio Grande do Norte 10.8 10.8 11.2 11.6 13.5 14.6 12.9 13.1 16.3 15.6 11.9 10.7 8.5
Paraíba 9.6 9.2 8.1 9.6 11.1 10.2 10.5 12.6 17.8 16.1 12.4 9.6 8.3
Pernambuco 9.3 8.8 8.2 10.3 15.1 17.0 16.2 15.2 17.1 20.2 15.9 13.4 10.8
Alagoas 11.4 10.3 9.8 11.5 14.5 17.4 16.6 14.5 19.4 18.7 12.0 9.2 7.6
Sergipe 10.3 10.2 8.9 9.2 12.1 14.4 16.5 15.5 19.6 20.6 13.1 11.4 9.0
Bahia 11.4 11.5 9.8 11.3 16.2 16.6 16.6 16.3 20.3 21.3 15.1 13.2 10.8
Minas Gerais 6.7 7.0 6.7 8.8 11.3 12.1 10.8 10.3 12.7 12.1 7.7 5.8 5.0
Espírito Santo 7.4 6.8 7.1 9.0 12.4 13.0 11.0 10.3 12.9 12.7 8.5 5.7 3.9
Rio de Janeiro 7.6 6.9 6.9 8.7 12.3 14.9 14.8 14.7 17.7 18.1 13.3 10.1 9.3
São Paulo 7.2 7.5 7.4 10.1 12.4 13.5 13.2 12.4 14.0 14.4 9.1 7.5 6.2
Paraná 5.0 4.3 4.0 6.0 8.2 8.9 8.3 8.3 9.7 8.9 6.0 4.8 4.1
Santa Catarina 3.4 3.4 3.0 4.4 6.5 7.4 6.3 6.3 6.4 5.1 3.8 3.4 2.9
Rio Grande do Sul 5.4 5.0 5.5 6.3 8.1 8.5 8.3 7.8 9.4 8.8 6.4 5.4 5.2
Mato Grosso do Sul 6.1 4.6 4.1 6.6 7.1 9.6 8.0 7.9 9.5 9.5 4.9 4.7 3.9
Mato Grosso 5.1 4.4 4.2 6.2 9.6 8.8 7.8 8.2 9.5 9.4 4.0 3.3 2.6
Goiás 5.0 5.6 6.1 7.5 10.7 11.0 9.2 10.7 13.1 11.8 7.7 5.8 5.4
Federal District 8.9 9.0 9.7 10.4 12.0 12.5 12.3 13.4 14.1 14.6 11.3 10.1 9.6
Source: IBGE - Continuous PNAD      

The highest average unemployment rates in 2024 were in Bahia, Pernambuco (both with 10.8%), Federal District (9.6%) and Rio de Janeiro (9.3%). The lowest average annual unemployment rates were in Mato Grosso (2.6%), Santa Catarina (2.9%) and Rondônia (3.3%).

The annual average unemployment rate was the lowest one in the time series in 14 Federation Units: Acre (6.4%), Amazonas (8.4%), Amapá (8.3%), Tocantins (5.5%), Maranhão (7.1%), Ceará (7.0%), Rio Grande do Norte (8.5%), Alagoas (7.6%), Minas Gerais (5.0%), Espírito Santo (3.9%), São Paulo (6.2%), Santa Catarina (2.9%), Mato Grosso do Sul (3.9%) and Mato Grosso (2.6%).

The annual average employment- population ratio hit 58.6% in 2024. The highest percentages for that indicator were reported in Mato Grosso (68.4%), Santa Catarina (67.0%) and Goiás (65.3%) and the lowest ones, in Maranhão (47.3%), Acre and Ceará (both with 48.7%) and Alagoas (48.8%). the employment- population ratio is the proportion of employed persons in the population aged 14 years and over.

Employment- population ratio by Federation Unit - annual averages in 2024

The highest annual average unemployment rates in 2024 were in Bahia, Pernambuco (both with 10.8%), Federal District (9.6%) and Rio de Janeiro (9.3%). The lowest average annual unemployment rates were in Mato Grosso (2.6%), Santa Catarina (2.9%) and Rondônia (3.3%).

Unemployment rate by Federation Unit - annual averages in 2024

The average annual underutilization rate for Brazil was 16.2%.  Piauí (32.7%) registered the highest rate, followed by Bahia (28.9%) and Alagoas (26.4%), whereas the lowest annual rates were in Santa Catarina (5.5%), Rondônia (7.0%) and Mato Grosso (7.7%).

Underutilization rate by Federation Unit – annual averages in 2024

The average annual informality rate for Brazil was 39.0% of the employed population.  The highest annual averages were in Pará (58.1%), Piauí, (56.6%) and Maranhão (55.3%) and the lowest ones, in Santa Catarina (26.4%), Federal District (29.6%) and São Paulo (31.1%).

Informality rate by Federation Unit – annual averages in 2024

The annual average of the usual real earnings from all jobs hit R$3,225.
The highest averages were in Federal District (R$5,043), São Paulo (R$3,907) and
Paraná (R$3,758). The lowest averages were in Maranhão (R$2,049), Ceará (R$2,071) and Bahia (R$2,165).

Usual real earnings from all jobs by Federation Unit - annual averages in 2024