IPCA stays at 0.16% in January
February 11, 2025 09h00 AM | Last Updated: February 11, 2025 03h56 PM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) was 0.16% in January, standing 0.36 percentage points (p.p.) above the December´s rate (0.52%). It was the lowest result for January since the beginning of the Real Plan in 1994. The change had been 0.42% in December 2024. The IPCA accumulated a rise of 4.83% in the last 12 months.
| Period | Rate |
|---|---|
| January 2024 | 0.16% |
| December 2024 | 0.52% |
| January 2023 | 0.42% |
| Cumulative in the year / 12 months | 4.56% |
Having risen 1.30% and 0.27 percentage points (p.p.), the group of Transportation, followed by the group of Food and beverages (0.96% and 0.21 p.p.), were the groups with the highest positive changes in the January´s IPCA. Having dropped 3.08% and -0.46 p.p. of impact, the group of Housing contributed to limit the month´s index.
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December | January | December | January | |
| Overall index | 0.52 | 0.16 | 0.52 | 0.16 |
| Food and beverages | 1.18 | 0.96 | 0.25 | 0.21 |
| Housing | -0.56 | -3.08 | -0.08 | -0.46 |
| Household articles | 0.65 | -0.09 | 0.02 | 0.00 |
| Wearing apparel | 1.14 | -0.14 | 0.05 | -0.01 |
| Transportation | 0.67 | 1.30 | 0.14 | 0.27 |
| Health and personal care | 0.38 | 0.70 | 0.05 | 0.09 |
| Personal expenses | 0.62 | 0.51 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Education | 0.11 | 0.26 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Communication | 0.37 | -0.17 | 0.02 | -0.01 |
| Source: IBGE, Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Price Indexes | ||||
In the group of Transportation (1.30%), the result was influenced by the increase in the prices of airfare (10.42%) and urban bus (3.84%). The result of urban bus reflected the following tariff adjustments: Belo Horizonte (8.38%): adjustment of 9.52% since January 1st; Rio de Janeiro (6.98%): adjustment of 9.30% since January 5; Salvador (6.00%): adjustment of 7.69% since January 4; São Paulo (5.22%): adjustment of 13.64% since January 6, including the gratuities granted in the Holiday Season (January 1st) and city anniversary (January 25); Recife (3.66%): adjustment of 4.87% since January 5; Vitória (2.39%): adjustment of 4.38% since January 12; and Campo Grande (0.84%): adjustment of 4.21% since January 24.
Taxi (1.83%) increased as well, due to the adjustments of 7.83% in Rio de Janeiro (6.64%) and of 4.79% in Salvador (4.21%). São Paulo registered increases of 3.00% in trains and subway, due to the adjustment of 4.00% in the fares since January 6. The change of 4.53% in public transportation integration in São Paulo also reflected the adjustments previously mentioned and the gratuities granted in the Holiday Season (January 1st) and in the city anniversary (January 25).
In the group of fuels (0.75%), the prices of ethanol (1.82%), diesel fuel (0.97%), gasoline (0.61%) and vehicular gas (0.43%) increased.
The group of Food and beverages rose 0.96% in January, the fifth increase in a row. Food at home rose 1.07%, influenced by the rises in onions (36.14%), tomatoes (20.27%) and ground coffee (8.56%). On the other hand, the drops in potatoes (-9.12%) and long-life milk (-1.53%) stood out.
Food away from home decelerated from 1.19% in December to 0.67% in January. Both snacks (0.94%) and meals (0.58%) recorded lower changes than in the previous month (0.96% and 1.42%, respectively).
In the group of Housing (-3.08% and -0.46 p.p.), residential electricity was the sub-item with the biggest negative impact on the index (-0.55 p.p.) by retreating 14.21% in January. The drop was due to the incorporation of the Itaipu bonus, credited in the bills issued in January."
Still in Housing, the rise in the rate of water and sewage (0.97%) was influenced by the adjustments: 6.42% in Belo Horizonte (5.64%) since January 1st; 6.84% in Campo Grande (5.59%) since January 3; 6.45% in one of the concessionaires in Porto Alegre (2.79%) since January 1st and 9.83% in Rio de Janeiro (0.62%) since December 1st. The sub-item piped gas (0.49%) reflected the increase of 4.71% in the fare in Rio de Janeiro (4.14%) since January 1st and the complete incorporation of the reduction of 1.41% in the fare in São Paulo (-1.41%) since December 10.
As to the regional indexes, the highest change occurred in Aracaju (0.59%), influenced by the rise in airfare (13.65%). The lowest change was in Rio Branco (-0.34%), due to the retreat in residential electricity (-16.60%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December | January | Year | ||
| Aracaju | 1.03 | 0.67 | 0.59 | 4.67 |
| Brasília | 4.06 | 0.26 | 0.56 | 4.89 |
| Belo Horizonte | 9.69 | 0.25 | 0.43 | 5.26 |
| Salvador | 5.99 | 0.89 | 0.38 | 4.93 |
| Vitória | 1.86 | 0.52 | 0.35 | 4.24 |
| Belém | 3.94 | 0.63 | 0.22 | 4.15 |
| São Paulo | 32.28 | 0.52 | 0.15 | 4.91 |
| Recife | 3.92 | 0.34 | 0.12 | 3.83 |
| Fortaleza | 3.23 | 0.65 | 0.11 | 4.32 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.43 | 0.58 | 0.06 | 4.30 |
| Campo Grande | 1.57 | 0.43 | 0.04 | 4.60 |
| Goiânia | 4.17 | 0.80 | -0.03 | 4.61 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | 0.50 | -0.03 | 3.41 |
| São Luís | 1.62 | 0.71 | -0.08 | 5.31 |
| Curitiba | 8.09 | 0.46 | -0.09 | 3.94 |
| Rio Branco | 0.51 | 0.53 | -0.34 | 3.89 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.52 | 0.16 | 4.56 |
| Source: IBGE, Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Price Indexes | ||||
The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from December 28, 2024 to January 29, 2025 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from November 29 to December 27, 2024 (base).
INPC stays at 0.0% in January.
The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) remained unchanged between December and January and the rate stayed at 0.00%. Concerning the last 12 months, the index stayed at 4.17%, below the rate of 4.77% of the immediately previous 12 months. In January 2024, the rate had been 0.57%.
Food products decelerated between December (1.12%) and January (0.99%). Non-food products changed from 0.27% in December to -0.33% in January.
In regional terms, the highest change occurred in Salvador, influenced by the rise in urban bus (6.00%). The lowest change occurred in Rio Branco (-0.49%), due to the retreat in residential electricity (-16.60%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| December | January | Year | ||
| Salvador | 7.92 | 0.84 | 0.47 | 4.70 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10.35 | 0.22 | 0.42 | 4.91 |
| Aracaju | 1.29 | 0.57 | 0.34 | 4.28 |
| Brasília | 1.97 | 0.29 | 0.28 | 4.65 |
| Belém | 6.95 | 0.50 | 0.22 | 4.09 |
| Fortaleza | 5.16 | 0.57 | 0.09 | 4.20 |
| Vitória | 1.91 | 0.44 | 0.02 | 3.88 |
| Recife | 5.60 | 0.37 | 0.00 | 3.39 |
| São Luís | 3.47 | 0.63 | -0.04 | 5.07 |
| Campo Grande | 1.73 | 0.52 | -0.09 | 4.53 |
| Porto Alegre | 7.15 | 0.39 | -0.11 | 3.21 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.38 | 0.60 | -0.13 | 3.98 |
| São Paulo | 24.60 | 0.43 | -0.18 | 4.19 |
| Goiânia | 4.43 | 0.69 | -0.29 | 4.51 |
| Curitiba | 7.37 | 0.46 | -0.39 | 3.78 |
| Rio Branco | 0.72 | 0.57 | -0.49 | 3.95 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.48 | 0.00 | 4.17 |
| Source: IBGE, Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Price Indexes | ||||
In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from December 28, 2024 to January 29, 2025 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from November 29 to December 27, 2024 (base).
The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
