IPCA-15 stays at 0.34% in December; closes 2024 at 4.71%
December 27, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: December 30, 2024 11h33 AM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) was 0.34% in December and stood 0.28 percentage points (p.p.) below the November´s figure (0.62%).
| Period | RATE |
|---|---|
| December 2024 | 0.34% |
| November 2024 | 0.62% |
| December 2023 | 0.40% |
| IPCA-E | 1.51% |
| Cumulative in the year | 4.71% |
| Cumulative in 12 months | 4.71% |
As a result, the IPCA-15 accumulated a rise of 4.71% in 2024.
The IPCA-E, which is the cumulative IPCA-15 per quarter, reached 1.51% for the period from October to December. In December 2023, the IPCA-15had been 0.40%.
Among the nine groups of products and services surveyed, five rose in December. The highest change and the biggest positive impact came from Food and beverages (1.47% and 0.32 p.p.). It was followed by Personal expenses (1.36% and 0.14 p.p.) and Transportation (0.46% and 0.09 p.p.) The major negative impact (-0.20 p.p.) came from Housing (-1.32%). The other groups stayed between the retreat of 0.52% of Household articles and the advance of 0.34% of Wearing apparel.
| IPCA-15 and IPCA-E - Change and impact in the groups | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Group | Monthly Change (%) | Impact | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
| (p.p.) | ||||||
| October | November | December | December | Quarter | 12 months | |
| Overall Index | 0.54 | 0.62 | 0.34 | 0.34 | 1.51 | 4.71 |
| Food and beverages | 0.87 | 1.34 | 1.47 | 0.32 | 3.72 | 8.00 |
| Housing | 1.72 | 0.22 | -1.32 | -0.20 | 0.60 | 3.44 |
| Household articles | 0.41 | 0.11 | -0.52 | -0.02 | 0.00 | 0.83 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.43 | 0.36 | 0.34 | 0.02 | 1.13 | 2.25 |
| Transportation | -0.33 | 0.82 | 0.46 | 0.09 | 0.95 | 2.32 |
| Health and personal care | 0.49 | 0.18 | -0.05 | -0.01 | 0.62 | 6.03 |
| Personal expenses | 0.35 | 0.83 | 1.36 | 0.14 | 2.56 | 5.12 |
| Education | 0.05 | -0.01 | 0.00 | 0.00 | 0.04 | 6.82 |
| Communication | 0.40 | 0.11 | 0.08 | 0.00 | 0.59 | 2.99 |
| Source: IBGE, Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Price Indexes, National System of Consumer Price Indexes. | ||||||
In the group of Food and beverages (1.47%), food at home changed 1.56% in December. The increases in soybean oil (9.21%), rump steak (9.02%), sirloin steak (8.33%) and pork (8.14%) contributed to that result. On the dropping side, potatoes (-9.85%), tomatoes (-6.71%) and long-life milk (-2.42%) stood out.
Food away from home accelerated from 0.57% in November to 1.23% in December. Both meals (1.34%) and snacks (1.26%) recorded changes above those in the previous month (0.38% and 0.78%, respectively).
In Personal expenses (1.36% and 0.14 p.p.), the result was mostly influenced by the rise in cigarettes (12.78%), due to the increase in the specific rate of the Tax on Manufactured Products (IPI) over cigarettes on November 1st. Sub-items cinema, theater and concerts (2.58%) and hairdresser and barber (1.37%) rose as well.
In the group of Transportation (0.46% and 0.09 p.p.), sub-item airfare rose 4.43%. In fuels (0.09%), ethanol (0.80%) and diesel fuel (0.41%) increased, whereas gasoline (-0.01%) and vehicular gas (-0.12%) recorded negative changes.
Still in Transportation, sub-item urban bus rose 1.20% after gratuities granted to the fare in the second round of the municipal elections in several areas included in the survey in October. In São Paulo, increases of 10.38% were registered in train and subway and of 4.65% in public transportation integration after gratuities in the fare granted to the entire population in the second round of the municipal elections and in the days of the ENEM tests.
In the group of Housing (-1.32% and 0.20 p.p.), residential electricity retreated 5.72% in December, due to return of the green tariff flag on December 1st, which does not impose any extra charge on the fare. In November, the yellow tariff flag was in effect. In addition, the following fare adjustments were recorded: reduction of 2.98% in Brasília (-7.66%) on October 22; reduction of 2.88% in one of the concessionaires in São Paulo (-6.96%) on October 23; adjustment of 6.37% in one of the concessionaires in Porto Alegre (-5.79%) on November 22; and adjustment of 4.97% in Goiânia (-4.87%) on October 22
Also in Housing, the result of water and sewage fees (0.32%) was due to the adjustment of 9.83% in the fare in Rio de Janeiro (3.93%) on December 1st, and to the retreat in piped gas (-0.10%) as a result of a reduction of 0.51% in the fare in Rio de Janeiro (-0.32%) on November 1st.
IPCA-15 rose in nine areas in December
Concerning the regional indexes, nine out of 11 areas rose in December. The highest change was reported in Salvador (0.66%), due to the rises in gasoline (4.54%) and airfare (15.35%). The lowest figure occurred in Brasília (-0.04%), which registered a drop in the prices of residential electricity (-7.66%) and gasoline (-3.03%).
| IPCA-15 and IPCA-E - Change in the areas | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Monthly Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
| October | November | December | Quarter | 12 months | ||
| Salvador | 7.19 | 0.28 | 0.38 | 0.66 | 1.33 | 4.67 |
| Belém | 4.46 | 0.43 | 0.88 | 0.56 | 1.88 | 4.98 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10.04 | 0.54 | 0.55 | 0.41 | 1.51 | 6.20 |
| Fortaleza | 3.88 | 0.52 | 0.60 | 0.40 | 1.53 | 4.86 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.77 | 0.60 | 0.82 | 0.36 | 1.79 | 4.66 |
| São Paulo | 33.45 | 0.61 | 0.60 | 0.36 | 1.58 | 4.74 |
| Goiânia | 4.96 | 1.07 | 0.80 | 0.35 | 2.24 | 4.87 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | 0.17 | 0.25 | 0.27 | 0.69 | 3.69 |
| Curitiba | 8.09 | 0.63 | 0.58 | 0.19 | 1.41 | 4.31 |
| Recife | 4.71 | 0.37 | 0.94 | -0.03 | 1.28 | 4.22 |
| Brasília | 4.84 | 0.51 | 0.86 | -0.04 | 1.33 | 3.86 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.54 | 0.62 | 0.34 | 1.51 | 4.71 |
| Source: IBGE, Directorate of Surveys, Coordination of Price Indexes | ||||||
In order to estimate the IPCA-15, prices collected from November 13 to December 12, 2024 (reference) were compared with those in force from October 12 to November 12, 2024 (base). The indicator refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, Curitiba, besides Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.
