IPCA reaches 0.38% in April
May 10, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: May 10, 2024 11h23 PM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) reached 0.38% in April, and stood 0.22 percentage points (p.p.) above the March rate (0.16%). The IPCA has recorded a cumulative increase of 1.80% in the year, and in the last 12 months, 3.69%, beloww the rate of 3.93% observed in the previous 12 months. The monthly change had been of 0.61% in April 2023.
| Period | RATE |
|---|---|
| April 2024 | 0.38% |
| March 2024 | 0.16% |
| April 2023 | 0.61% |
| Cumulative in the year | 1.80% |
| Cumulative in the last 12 months | 3.69% |
Seven of the nine groups of products and services recorded increases in April. The groups accounting for the main impacts on the monthly index wereHealth and personal care (1.16%) and Food and beverages (0.70%), with 0.15 p.p. each. The share of Wearing apparel (0,55%) como Transportation (0.14%) amounted to 0.03 p.p. The other groups ranged between -0.26% of Household articles and 0.48% of Communication.
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| March | April | March | April | |
| General Index | 0.16 | 0.38 | 0.16 | 0.38 |
| Food and beverages | 0.53 | 0.70 | 0.11 | 0.15 |
| Housing | 0.19 | -0.01 | 0.03 | 0.00 |
| Household articles | -0.04 | -0.26 | 0.00 | -0.01 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.03 | 0.55 | 0.00 | 0.03 |
| Transportation | -0.33 | 0.14 | -0.07 | 0.03 |
| Health and personal care | 0.43 | 1.16 | 0.06 | 0.15 |
| Personal expenses | 0.33 | 0.10 | 0.03 | 0.01 |
| Education | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.01 | 0.00 |
| Communication | -0,13 | 0,48 | -0,01 | 0,02 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | ||||
In Health and personal care (1.16%), the biggest contribution (0.10 p.p) came from pharmaceuticals (2.84%), after the adjustment of up to 4.50% in the prices of medicines on March 31. Among the medicines, the rises of antidiabetic drugs (4.19%), anti-infectives and antibiotics (3.49%) and hypotensive and hypocholesterolemic drugs (3.34%).
In Food and beverages (0.70%), food away from home accelerated from 0.59% in March to 0.81% in April. Prices of papaya (22.76%), onion (15.63%), tomato (14.09%) and ground coffee (3.08%) also rose.
The change in food away from home (0.39%) stood close to that in the previous month (0.35%). Whereas snacks decelerated from 0.66% to 0.44%, the subitem meals (0.34%) recorded a change above that observed in March (0.09%).
In Housing (-0.01%), the rise in water and sewage fees (0.09%) was influenced by the adjustment of 1.95% in Goiânia (1.75%) on April 1st. As for reseidential electricity (-0.46%), tx adjustments were applied to the following areas: Salvador (1.03%), 1.63%, in effect since April 22; Aracaju (0.56%), price adjustment of 1.26%, since April 22; Rio de Janeiro (0.22%), 3.84%, since march 15 and 2.76%, in effect since March 19, in the two concessionnaires surveyed; in Recife (-0.40%), price adjustment of -2.64% since April 29, in Campo Grande (-0.73%), price adjustment of -1.17% starting on April 08; and in Fortaleza (-3.80%), with price adjustment of -2.92% in effect since April 22.
In the group of Transportation (-0.49%), airfare dropped (-12.20% and -0.09 pp). As for fuels (1.74%), only vehicular gas (-0.51%) recorded decrease, whereas ethanol (4.56%), gasoline (1.50%) and diesel fuel (0.32%) recorded a drop in prices.
Also in Transportation, the change in do subway (1.72%) was influenced by the price adjustment of 8.69% in Rio de Janeiro (5.07%), since April 12. As for urban buses (0,01%), there was price adjustment of 2.15% in Campo Grande (1.06%), in effect since March 15. The rise of the subitem taxi (0.21%) results from the average adjustment of 17.64%, since April 22, in Recife (4.84%).
As for regional indexes, only Fortaleza (-0.15%) recorded fall of prices, due to drops in gasoline (-3.97%) and residential electricity (-3.80%). Aracaju (0.78%) accounted for the biggest change, driven by rise in prices of onion (27.77%) abd tomato (23.20%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%)(%) | Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March | April | Year | 12 months | ||
| Aracaju | 1,03 | 0,50 | 0,78 | 3,14 | 4,46 |
| Porto Alegre | 8,61 | -0,13 | 0,64 | 1,16 | 3,02 |
| Salvador | 5,99 | 0,16 | 0,63 | 1,90 | 3,49 |
| Recife | 3,92 | 0,33 | 0,55 | 2,26 | 3,63 |
| Brasília | 4,06 | 0,21 | 0,55 | 1,16 | 4,12 |
| São Luís | 1,62 | 0,81 | 0,46 | 3,44 | 3,22 |
| Belo Horizonte | 9,69 | 0,12 | 0,45 | 2,51 | 4,91 |
| Vitória | 1,86 | 0,05 | 0,43 | 1,57 | 3,61 |
| Curitiba | 8,09 | 0,03 | 0,37 | 1,63 | 3,13 |
| Campo Grande | 1,57 | 0,11 | 0,36 | 1,77 | 3,76 |
| São Paulo | 32,28 | 0,14 | 0,35 | 1,68 | 3,74 |
| Belém | 3,94 | 0,54 | 0,33 | 2,32 | 4,44 |
| Goiânia | 4,17 | 0,36 | 0,24 | 2,00 | 2,91 |
| Rio Branco | 0,51 | 0,18 | 0,15 | 1,22 | 3,50 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9,43 | 0,17 | 0,15 | 1,65 | 3,33 |
| Fortaleza | 3,23 | 0,28 | -0,15 | 1,66 | 3,99 |
| Brazil | 100,00 | 0,16 | 0,38 | 1,80 | 3,69 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | |||||
In order to estimate the monthly index, prices collected from March 29 to April 30, 2024 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from March 01 to March 28, 2024 (base). The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source and encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
INPC up by 0.37% in April
The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) rose by 0.37% in April, being 0.18 p.p. above the result of March (0.19%). In the year, the INPC has recorded a cumulative increase of 1.95% and, in the last 12 months, of 3.23%, below the 3.40% observed in the 12 previous months. In April 2023, the rate had been of 0.5%.
Food products changed from 0.50% in March to 0.57% in April. The change in non-food products was also higher: 0.31% in April against the rise of 0.09% in the previous month.
As for regional indexes, Fortaleza (-0.13%) was the only place to record drops in April, influenced by residential electricity (-3.98%) and gasoline (-3.97%). Aracaju (0.84%) recorded the biggest change, due to rises of prices of onion (27.77%) and tomato (23.20%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Change (%) | Cumulative change (%) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| March | April | Year | 12 months | ||
| Aracaju | 1,29 | 0,54 | 0,84 | 3,25 | 4,25 |
| Porto Alegre | 7,15 | -0,21 | 0,72 | 1,54 | 2,59 |
| Salvador | 7,92 | 0,23 | 0,63 | 1,97 | 3,23 |
| Brasília | 1,97 | 0,11 | 0,53 | 1,24 | 2,89 |
| Recife | 5,60 | 0,37 | 0,50 | 2,34 | 3,22 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10,35 | 0,12 | 0,48 | 2,95 | 4,99 |
| Belém | 6,95 | 0,51 | 0,44 | 2,53 | 4,72 |
| Vitória | 1,91 | 0,15 | 0,42 | 1,91 | 2,95 |
| São Luís | 3,47 | 0,79 | 0,42 | 3,28 | 2,99 |
| Campo Grande | 1,73 | 0,10 | 0,37 | 1,82 | 3,19 |
| São Paulo | 24,60 | 0,10 | 0,33 | 1,64 | 2,67 |
| Curitiba | 7,37 | 0,05 | 0,29 | 1,62 | 2,87 |
| Rio Branco | 0,72 | 0,07 | 0,17 | 1,62 | 3,75 |
| Goiânia | 4,43 | 0,35 | 0,15 | 1,91 | 2,80 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9,38 | 0,20 | 0,02 | 1,39 | 2,54 |
| Fortaleza | 5,16 | 0,31 | -0,13 | 1,64 | 3,86 |
| Brazil | 100,00 | 0,19 | 0,37 | 1,95 | 3,23 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | |||||
In order to estimate the monthly index, prices collected from March 29 to April 30, 2024 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from March 01 to March 28, 2024 (base). The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
