IPCA: 0.16% in March
April 10, 2024 09h03 AM | Last Updated: April 11, 2024 02h26 AM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) stood at 0.16% in March, 0.67 percentage points (p.p.) below the February rate (0.83%). In the year, the IPCA has had a cumulative increase of 1.42% and, in the last 12 months, of 3.93%, below the rate of 4.450% recorded in the previous 12 months. The monthly change had reached 0.71% in March 2023.
| Period | RATE |
|---|---|
| March 2024 | 0.16% |
| February 2024 | 0.83% |
| March 2023 | 0.71% |
| Cumulative in the year | 1.42% |
| Cumulative in 12 months | 3.93% |
Eight of the nine groups of products and services surveyed rose in March. The highest change (0.63%) and the biggest impact (0.13 pp) came from Food and beverages.. Then came the group Health and personal care(0.43% and 0.06 p.p.). with negative resiults, the drop in Transportation(-0.33% and -0.07 p.p.) stood out. The other groups ranged between -0.13% of Communication and 0.33% of Personal expenses.
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| February | March | February | March | |
| Índice Geral | 0.83 | 0.16 | 0.83 | 0.16 |
| Food and beverages | 0.95 | 0.53 | 0.20 | 0.11 |
| Housing | 0.27 | 0.19 | 0.04 | 0.03 |
| Household articles | -0.07 | -0.04 | 0.00 | 0.00 |
| Wearing apparel | -0.44 | 0.03 | -0.02 | 0.00 |
| Transportation | 0.72 | -0.33 | 0.15 | -0.07 |
| health and personal care | 0.65 | 0.43 | 0.09 | 0.06 |
| Persoal expenses | 0.05 | 0.33 | 0.01 | 0.03 |
| Education | 4.98 | 0.14 | 0.29 | 0.01 |
| Communication | 1.56 | -0.13 | 0.07 | -0.01 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | ||||
In Food and beverages (0.53%), food away from home decelerated from 1.12% in February to 0.59% in March. The prices rise of onion (14.34%), tomato (9.85%), hen eggs (4.59%), fruits (3.75%) and long-life milk (2.63%) stand out.
Food away from home (0.35%) also decelerated in relation to the previous month (0.49%). Whereas snacks accelerated from 0.25% to 0.66%, the subitem meals (0.09%) recorded a change below that observed in February (0.67%).
In the group Health and personal care (0.43%), the result was influenced by increases in health insurance plans (0.77%) and pharmaceuticals (0.52%). In this group, anti-infection drugs and antibiotics (1.27%) and painkillers and antipyretics (0.55%) stood out.
In Housing (0,19%), electricity rose by 0.12%, influenced by price adjustments of 3.84%, in effect since March 15, and of 2.76%, since March 19, applied to two concessionnaires surveyed in Rio de Janeiro (1.18%).
In water and sewage rate there was an increase of 0.04% due to the price rise of 4.04% in Aracaju (4.04%), in effect since March 1. The result of piped gas (-0.05%) encompassed a residue of fare adjustment in the following locations: Rio de Janeiro (-0.09%), an average drop of 1.30%; and Curitiba (-0.15%), a drop of 2.29%.
In the group Transportation (-0.33%), there was a drop in airfares (-9.14%). Among the fuels (0.17%) surveyed, ethanol (0.55%) and gasoline (0.21%) recorded increases, whereas the prices of vehicle gas (-2.21%) and diesel (-0.73%) fell. The subitem taxi rose by 0.23% due to the price adjustment of 8.31% in Belo Horizonte (2.28%), in effect since February 8.
Also in Transportation, the change in urban buses (-0.06%) was influenced by the unification of fares in Recife (-1.21%), in effect since March 3; and the price adjustment of 2.15% in Campo Grande (1.08%), in effect since March 15. In intercity buses (0.75%), price adjustments were effected in Rio de Janeiro (6.93%), on February 24. As for the subitem train (-0.19%), there was a decrease by 4.05% in fares in Rio de Janeiro (-0.42%), as of February 02.
Considering regional indexes, only Porto Alegre (-0.13%) recorded price drops, due to the fall of prices of potato (-18.42%) and gasoline (-2.41%). The biggest increase in São Luís (0.81%), influenced by the rise of tomato (23.51%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February | March | Year | 12 months | ||
| São Luís | 1.62 | 1.06 | 0.81 | 2.96 | 3.29 |
| Belém | 3.94 | 0.69 | 0.54 | 1.99 | 4.69 |
| Aracaju | 1.03 | 1.09 | 0.50 | 2.34 | 4.06 |
| Goiânia | 4.17 | 0.51 | 0.36 | 1.76 | 3.46 |
| Recife | 3.92 | 0.74 | 0.33 | 1.70 | 3.23 |
| Fortaleza | 3.23 | 0.84 | 0.28 | 1.81 | 4.72 |
| Brasília | 4.06 | 0.75 | 0.21 | 0.60 | 4.13 |
| Rio Branco | 0.51 | 0.26 | 0.18 | 1.07 | 4.01 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.43 | 0.88 | 0.17 | 1.50 | 4.05 |
| Salvador | 5.99 | 0.96 | 0.16 | 1.26 | 3.36 |
| São Paulo | 32.28 | 0.93 | 0.14 | 1.32 | 4.07 |
| Belo Horizonte | 9.69 | 0.82 | 0.12 | 2.06 | 5.07 |
| Campo Grande | 1.57 | 0.81 | 0.11 | 1.41 | 4.32 |
| Vitória | 1.86 | 0.70 | 0.05 | 1.13 | 3.49 |
| Curitiba | 8.09 | 0.84 | 0.03 | 1.26 | 3.35 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | 0.52 | -0.13 | 0.52 | 2.86 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.83 | 0.16 | 1.42 | 3.93 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | |||||
In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from March 1st to 28, 2024 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from January 29 to February 29, 2024 (base). The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source and encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
INPC rises by 0.19% in March
The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) rose by 0.19% in December, being 0.62 p.p. above the result of February (0.81%). In the year, the INPC has had a cumulative increase of 1.58% and, in the last 12 months, of 3.40%, below the 3.86% observed in the 12 previous months. In March 2023, the rate was stood at 0.64%.
Food products went from 0.95% in January to 0.50% in February. The change of non-food products wen from 0.77% to 0.09%.
As for regional indexes, Porto Alegre (-0.21%) was the only area to record drops in prices, driven by potato (-18.42%) and gasoline (-2.41%). The main change took place in São Luís (0.79%), due to the rise of tomato (23.51%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| February | March | Year | 12 months | ||
| São Luís | 3.47 | 0.99 | 0.79 | 2.84 | 3.11 |
| Aracaju | 1.29 | 1.01 | 0.54 | 2.40 | 3.68 |
| Belém | 6.95 | 0.80 | 0.51 | 2.07 | 4.82 |
| Recife | 5.60 | 0.80 | 0.37 | 1.83 | 2.78 |
| Goiânia | 4.43 | 0.51 | 0.35 | 1.76 | 3.51 |
| Fortaleza | 5,16 | 0.82 | 0.31 | 1.77 | 4.72 |
| Salvador | 7.92 | 0.93 | 0,23 | 1,34 | 2.97 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.38 | 0.73 | 0.20 | 1.37 | 3.38 |
| Vitória | 1.91 | 0.75 | 0.15 | 1.48 | 2.68 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10.35 | 0.79 | 0.12 | 2.46 | 5.10 |
| Brasília | 1.97 | 0.68 | 0.11 | 0.71 | 2.82 |
| Campo Grande | 1.73 | 0.79 | 0.10 | 1.45 | 3.79 |
| São Paulo | 24.60 | 0.89 | 0.10 | 1.30 | 2.89 |
| Rio Branco | 0.72 | 0.52 | 0.07 | 1.45 | 4.15 |
| Curitiba | 7.37 | 0.83 | 0.05 | 1.33 | 3.09 |
| Porto Alegre | 7.15 | 0.73 | -0.21 | 0.81 | 2.11 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | 0.81 | 0.19 | 1.58 | 3.40 |
| Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Índices de Preços | |||||
In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from March 1st to 28, 2024 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from January 30 to February 29, 2024 (base). The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.
