IPCA-15 of February is 0.78%
February 27, 2024 09h00 AM | Last Updated: February 27, 2024 11h42 PM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) was 0.78% in February, standing 0.47 percentage points (p.p.) above the rate of January (0.31%). In the year, IPCA-15 had a cumulative increase of 1.09% and of 4.49% in 12 months, above the 4.47% relative to the immediately previous month. In February 2023, the IPCA-15 was 0.76%.
| Period | Rate |
|---|---|
| February 2024 | 0.78% |
| January 2024 | 0.31% |
| February 2023 | 0.76% |
| Cumulative in the year | 1.09% |
| Cumulative in the last 12 months | 4.49% |
Eight of the nine groups of products and services surveyed recorded increases in February. The exception was Wearing apparel, with prices that dropped 0.39% after the increase of 0.22% in January. Education accounted for the biggest change (5.07%) and for the main impact (0.30 pp). Other highlights were Food and beverages (0.97% and 0.20 p.p.) and Health and personal care (0,76% e 0,10 p.p.). The other changes stood between 0.14% of Housing and 1.67% of Communication.
| Group | Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | February | January | February | |
| General Index | 0.31 | 0.78 | 0.31 | 0.78 |
| Food and beverages | 1,53 | 0,97 | 0,32 | 0,20 |
| Housing | 0.33 | 0.14 | 0.05 | 0.02 |
| Household articles | 0.26 | 0.45 | 0.01 | 0.02 |
| Wearing apparel | 0.22 | -0.39 | 0.01 | -0.02 |
| Transportation | -1.13 | 0.15 | -0.24 | 0.03 |
| Health and personal care | 0.56 | 0.76 | 0.08 | 0.10 |
| Personal expenses | 0.56 | 0.46 | 0.06 | 0.05 |
| Education | 0.39 | 5.07 | 0.02 | 0.30 |
| Communication | -0.03 | 1.67 | 0.00 | 0.08 |
The main contribution to Education (5.07%) came from regular courses (6.13%), due to price adjustments usually effected in the start of the school year. The main changes were those in high school (8.58%), elementary school (8.23%), pre-school (8.14%) and nursery school (5.91%), technical courses (6.01%), higher education (3.74%), and post-graduate courses (2.81%) also registered increases.
Food and beverages (0.97%), food at home rose by 1.16% in February. This result was a consequence of the increases in carrots (36.21%), potatoes (22.58%), pinto beans (7.21%), rice (5.85%) and fruits (2,24%).
Food away from home (0.48%) acelerated from the previous month (0.24%). Both meals (0.35%) and snacks (0.79%) recorded changes above those in the previous month (0.32% and 0.16%, respectively).
In Health and personal care (0.76%), the result was influenced by health insurance plans (0.77%), pharmaceuticals (0.61%) and personal hygiene items (0.70%). The rises in skincare products (1.67%) and perfumes (1.34%) stood out.
In Housing (0.14%), the result of water and sewage rate (0.27%) was influenced by the average price adjustment of 4.21% in Belo Horizonte (3.06%), ain effect since January 01st. The following tariff adjustments were incorporated to piped gas (-0.90%): in Rio de Janeiro (-0.87%), average drops of 0.45% since January 1st and of 1.30% since February; in Curitiba (-4.81%), drops of 6.82% since January 1st and 2.29% since February 1st.
In the group Transportation (0,15%), there was a drop in airfares (-10.65% and -0.10 p.p.). As for fuels (0.77%), prices of vehicles gas (3.83%), gasoline (0.84%), and ethanol (0.32%) rose, whereas diesel (-0.32%) dropped. The sub-item taxi increased by 0.98% due adjustments, as of January 1st, of 4.21% in Rio de Janeiro (2.19%) and of 4.61% in Salvador (2.38%); and as of February 8th, of 8.31% in Belo Horizonte (2.15%).
Also in Transportation, the change in urban buses (2.14%) was influenced by the average increase of 16.67% in Belo Horizonte (6.71%), as of December 29th; and in São Paulo (7.34%), due to the application of free fares on Sundays and on some commemorative dates, starting on December 17th on. Also in São Paulo, there was an increase of 13.64% in the fares of train (6.84%) and subway (6.84%) as of January 1st. Due to the aforementioned rises, the integration of public transportation rose by 6.90% in this area. In Rio de Janeiro, there was a drop of 4.05% in train fares (-1.89%), as of February 02.
In the group Communication (1.67%), the result was influenced by the rises in subscription TV (4.02%), telephone, Internet and subscription TV combos (3.29%).
Regarding regional indexes, all the areas surveyed recorded rise of prices in February. The main change was that of Goiânia (1.07%), due to hikes in gasoline (7.28%) and regular courses (4.56%). The lowest result was that of Porto Alegre (0.11%), which recorded a drop in prices of airfares (-16.59%) and gasoline (-1.59%).
| Area | Regional Weight (%) | Monthly Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| January | February | Year | 12 months | ||
| Goiânia | 4.96 | 0.24 | 1.07 | 1.31 | 4.54 |
| Belo Horizonte | 10.04 | 0.88 | 1.02 | 1.91 | 5.19 |
| São Paulo | 33.45 | 0.10 | 0.93 | 1.02 | 4.53 |
| Salvador | 7.19 | 0.35 | 0.90 | 1.25 | 3.67 |
| Recife | 4.71 | 0.36 | 0.78 | 1.14 | 3.46 |
| Fortaleza | 3.88 | 0.69 | 0.75 | 1.45 | 4.88 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 9.77 | 0.43 | 0.74 | 1.17 | 4.19 |
| Belém | 4.46 | 0.63 | 0.74 | 1.38 | 4.88 |
| Brasília | 4.84 | -0.41 | 0.59 | 0.18 | 4.83 |
| Curitiba | 8.09 | 0.28 | 0.54 | 0.82 | 4.65 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.61 | 0.42 | 0.11 | 0.53 | 4.45 |
| Brasil | 100.00 | 0.31 | 0.78 | 1.09 | 4.49 |
In order to measure IPCA-15, prices collected from January 16 to February 15, 2024 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from December 15 2022 to January 15, 2024 (base). The indicator refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, besides Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.
