Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 7.9% and underutilization rate is 17.8% in the quarter ended in July
August 31, 2023 09h00 AM | Last Updated: September 04, 2023 01h28 PM
The unemployment rate (7.9%) of the moving quarter of May-July 2023 dropped 0.6 percentage points (pp) against the quarter of February-April 2023 (10.5%) and fell 1.2 pp against the same period in 2022 (9.1%). This was the lowest unemployment rate since the moving quarter ended in December 2022.
| Indicator/Period | May-Jun-Jul 2023 | Feb-Mar-Apr 2023 | May-Jun-Jul 2022 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unemployment rate | 7,9% | 8,5% | 9,1% |
| Underutilization rate | 17,8% | 18,4% | 20,9% |
| Usual real earnings | R$ 2.935 | R$ 2.916 | R$ 2.792 |
| Change of usual real earnings in relation to:: | 0,6% (estável) | 5,1% | |
The discouraged population (8.5 million persons) fell by 6.3% (573 thousand less persons) against the previous quarter and by 13.8% (1.36 million less persons) in the year. It was the lowest contingent since the moving quarter ended in June 2015.
The employed population (99.3 million persons) grew 1.3% (1.3 million more persons) and by 0.7% (669 thousand more persons) in the year. The employment-population ratio - percentage of employed persons in the population at working age - was estimated at 56.8%, having risen 0.6 pp against the quarter of February and April (56.2%) and being stable in the year.
The composite underutilization rate (17.8%) fell 0.7 pp in relation to previous quarter (18.4%) and dropped 3.1 pp compared with the quarter ended in July 2022 (20.9%). The underutilized population (20.3 million persons) feel 3.1% in the previous quarter and retreated 16.4% in the year. It was the lowest number of this population since the quarter ended in February 2016.
The time-related underemployed population (5.2 million) stood stable against the previous quarter and decreased 20.5% in the year.
The population outside the labor force (66.9 million persons) fell 0.5% against the previous quarter (349 thousand less persons) and 3.4% in the annual comparison (2.2 million more).
The discouraged population (3.7 million persons) stood stable over the previous quarter and fell 13.4% (568 thousand less persons) in the year. The percentage of discouraged workers in the workforce or discouraged population (3.3%) remained stable in the quarter and retreated 0.5 pp in the year.
The number of workers with a formal employment contract in the private sector (except domestic workers) amounted to 37.0 million persons, being stable against the previous quarter and having increased by 3.4% (by 1.2 million persons) in the annual comparison.
The number of persons employed without a formal contract in the private sector (13.2 million) grew 4.0% against the previous quarter (503 thousand more persons) and stood stable in the year.
The number of self-employed workers (25.2 million persons) remained stable against the previous quarter and dropped 2.5% in the year (637 thousand less persons).
The number of domestic workers (5.9 million persons) grew 3.3% against both the previous quarter and stood stable against the quarter ended in July 2022.
The number of employers (4.2 million persons) remained stable in both comparisons.
The number of employees in the public sector (12.3 million persons) grew 2.6% compared to the previous quarter and stood stable in the annual comparison.
The informality rate was 391% of the employed population (or 38.9 million informal workers) against 38.9% in the previous quarter and 39.8% in the same quarter of 2022.
Usual real earnings (R$2,935) stood stable in the quarter and increased 5.1% in the year.
The usual real wage bill (R$286.9 billion) hit a record figure in the time series, with an increase of 2.0% in the quarter and 6.2% in the annual comparison.
The reamainder is temporarily in Portuguese.
Estimated at 107.9 million persons in the moving quarter May-July 2023, the labor force (employed and unemployed persons) increased 0.7% (730 thousand more persons) in comparison with the quarter February-April 2022 and falling 0.6% (691 thousand less persons) against the same quarter last year.
The following activity groups recorded increases against the previous moving quarter: Information, Communication and Financial, Real Estate, Professional and Administrative Activities (2.5%, or 296 thousand more persons), Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (3.4%, or 593 thousand more persons) and Domestic services (3.1%, or 178 thousand more persons). The other groups did not record significant changes.
The following categories increased against the quarter March-May 2022: Transportation, storage and mailing (4.0% or 207 thousand more persons), Information, communication and financial, real estate, professional and administrative activities (5.2% or 608 thousand more persons) and Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (4.1% or 706 thousand more persons). The following groups recorded decreases: Agriculture, livestock, forestry, phishing and aquaculture (5.1% or 450 thousand less persons) and Construction (4.1% or 309 thousand less persons).
As to usual real average earnings (R$2,935) over the previous moving quarter, all groups had stability. The comparison with the quarter between May and July 2022 indicated an increase in the categories: Industry (3.8%, or + R$101); Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (5.5%, or + R$ 127); Food and lodging (8.3%, or + R$149); Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (4.4%, or + R$171) and Domestic services (5.4%, or + R$59). The other groups did not record significant changes.
Among the employment types, against the previous quarter, there was stability in all categories. In the annual comparison, all the types increased: Employees with a formal contract (3.5% or + R$92), Employees without a formal contract (5.0% or + R$94), Domestic workers (5.4% or + R$59), Employees in the public sector (including statutory officials and the military) (5.0% or + R$212), Employers (12.5% or + R$835) and Self-employed persons (6.7% or + R$148).
