The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) changed 0.69% in June, 0.10 percentage points (p.p.) above the May´s rate (0.59%). The IPCA-E, which is the cumulative IPCA-15 in the quarter, changed 3.04%, above the rate of 1.88% of the same period in 2021. In the year, the IPCA-15 accumulated a rise of 5.65% and, in 12 months, of 12.04%, below the rate of 12.20% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The rate had been 0.83% in June 2021.

All the groups of products and services surveyed rose in June. The greatest impact (0.19 p.p.) came from Transportation (0.84%), which decelerated in relation to May (1.80%). The highest change came from Wearing apparel (1.77% and 0.08 p.p.), followed by Health and personal care (1.27%), which contributed with 0.16 p.p. to the month´s index. Having dropped in the previous month (-3.85%), the group of Housing rose 0.66% in June. The other groups stood between 0.07% of Education and 0.94% of Household articles.

The deceleration in the group of Transportation (0.84% and 0.19 p.p.) was due to the drop in the fuel prices (-0.55%), which had risen 2.05% in May. Although Diesel fuel (2.83%) increased, 2.83% ethanol and gasoline fell 4.41% and 0.27%, respectively. On the rising side, the highlights were airfare (11.36%), voluntary vehicle insurance (4.20%) and vehicle licensing (1.71%). Motorcycles (1.66%), new cars (1.46%) and used cars (0.12%) also rose.

Still in Transportation, it is worth mentioning the positive change of urban bus (0.32%), due to the adjustment of 11.36% in the fare in Salvador (3.64%), in force since April 1st, though only applied to consumers on June 4. The sub-item intercity bus (1.34%) was adjusted by 17% in Belo Horizonte (9.34%), in force since May 16, and by 11.85% in Salvador (3.66%), in force since June 10.

The result of the group of Health and personal care (1.27%) was influenced by the rise in the prices of health insurance plans (2.99% and 0.10 p.p.), due to the adjustment of up to 15.50% authorized by the National Agency of Supplementary Health (ANS) on May 26, in force from May 2022 up to April 2023. Therefore, the June´s IPCA-15 took into account the monthly fractions related to the months of May and June. In addition, pharmaceuticals rose 1.38%, impacting 0.05 p.p. on the month´s index.

The rise in the group of Housing (0.66%) was leveraged by water and sewage fees (4.29%), due to the adjustments applied in three areas surveyed by the index: of 20.81% in Belém (11.41%) since May 28; of 12.89% in São Paulo (10.99%) since May 10; and of 4.99% in Curitiba (4.51%) since May 17. The sub-item piped gas (2.04%) was adjusted by 9.16% in Curitiba (7.98%) since May 18, and by 5.95% in Rio de Janeiro (3.28%) since May 1st.

Still in Housing, the drops in the electricity prices (-0.68%) stood out. The green tariff flag came into force on April 16, imposing no extra charge in the electricity fare. The Water Scarcity tariff flag was in force since September 2021, charging R$14.20 per each 100 kWh consumed. The changes in the areas varied from -3.42% in Brasília to 6.16% in Recife, where the fare was adjusted by 18.77% since April 29. Adjustments of 24.23% in Fortaleza (5.07%) and of 20.97% in Salvador (3.72%) were applied in the fares on April 22. Bottled gas (-0.95%) was another sub-item that dropped in June.

Wearing apparel (1.77%) was the group that registered the highest change in the June´s IPCA-15. The major highlights were women’s wearing apparel (2.52%), men´s wearing apparel (1.97%) and children´s wearing apparel (1.51%), as well as footwear and accessories (1.19%). Together, these items contributed with 0.08 p.p. to the month´s index.

Having risen 1.52% in May, the group of Food and beverages (0.25%) also stood out The major influence to this deceleration came from food for consumption at home (0.08% in June against 1.71% in May). Having risen 7.99% in May, the sub-item long-life milk increased 3.45% in June. In addition, the prices of carrots (-27.52%), tomatoes (-12.76%), potatoes (-8.75%), green vegetables (-5.44%) and fruits (-2.61%) dropped.

Food away from home also recorded a less intense rise between May (1.02%) and June (0.74%). It was mainly due to snacks, which rose 1.10% against the change of 1.89% in the previous month. Meals (0.70%), in turn, recorded a result above that reported in May (0.52%).

In regional terms, all the areas surveyed rose in June. The highest rise was in Salvador (1.16%), especially due to gasoline (4.25%) and to the adjustment of 20.97% in the electricity fare (3.72%). The lowest result was reported in Belém (0.18%), where the prices of acai (-8.08%) and gasoline (-1.70%) dropped.

In order to estimate IPCA-15, the prices collected from May 14 to June 13, 2022 (reference) were compared with the ones in force from April 14 to May 13, 2022 (base). The indicator refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, Curitiba, as well as Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for the IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.