The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15) increased by 0.94% in October, 0.49 percentage points (pp) above the rate registered in September (0.45%) and the highest result for October since 1995, when the IPCA-15 was 1.34%. In the year, the IPCA-15 accumulated an increase of 2.31% and, in the last 12 months, the cumulative change was 3.52% - above the 2.65% result registered in the previous 12-month period. In October 2019, the rate was 0.09%.

Of the nine groups of products and services surveyed, eight were up in September. The biggest change (2.24%) and the biggest impact (0.45 pp) came from Food and beverages, which accelerated over September (1.48%). Transportation increased (1.34%), the second largest contribution to the month's index (0.27 p.p.). The second biggest change came from Household articles (1.41%), whose prices rose for the sixth consecutive month. The only group to show decrease in October was Education (-0.02%). The others ranged between the 0.14% increases in Personal expenses and 0.84% in Wearing apparel.

The acceleration of the Food and beverages group (2.24%) is mainly due to the increase in food at home, which went from 1.96% in September to 2.95% in October. The largest contribution (0.13 p.p.) came from beef (4.83%), whose prices rose for the fifth consecutive month. Also noteworthy were the increases in soybean oil (22.34%), rice (18.48%), tomatoes (14.25%) and long-life milk (4.26%). On the other hand, there was a drop in the prices of onion (-9.95%) and potatoes (-4.39%).

Food away also registered an increase (0.54%), mainly meals, which accelerated from 0.09% in September to 0.93% in October.

In the Transportation group (1.34%), the increase was driven by the result of airfare, which rose 39.90% and contributed 0.13 pp in the IPCA-15 of the month. In all areas surveyed there were increases in the prices of this subitem, ranging from 21.66% in Porto Alegre to 49.71% in Curitiba. The second biggest impact (0.04 p.p.) came from gasoline (0.85%), its fourth consecutive increase, although less intense than in the previous month (3.19%).

Also in the Transportation group, the prices of voluntary vehicle insurance rose 2.46%, after seven consecutive months of falls. In this group, the only subitems with negative changes were interstate buses (-2.73%) and vehicular gas (-1.36%).

Household articles rose 1.41%, accelerating in relation to September (0.79%). All items in the group increased, especially furniture (1.75%), which had fallen (-0.14%) in the previous month, and TV, sound and computers (1.68%).

The Wearing apparel group increased by 0.84%, after decreasing (-0.27%) in September. While men's and children's clothing rose 1.31% and 1.07%, respectively, women's clothing prices fell 0.10%. Jewels and costume jewelry (1.73%), on the other hand, continued to increase and accumulated, in the year, a change of 10.68%.

In the Housing group (0.40%), the biggest impact (0.02 p.p.) came from bottled gas, with an increase of 2.07%. Pipeline gas decreased 0.17%, with an 8.88% reduction in tariffs in Curitiba (-1.64%), in effect since August 19. As for water and sewage fees (0.16%), two adjustments were recorded: 5.88% at one of the concessionaires in Porto Alegre (1.19%), as of October 1; and 3.40% in São Paulo (0.11%), valid since August 15th. Finally, electricity rose 0.11%, with results ranging from the 0.80% drop in Salvador to the 0.68% rise in Porto Alegre.

In October, the IPCA15 increased in all regions. The lowest result was that of the metropolitan area of Salvador (0.43%), due to the drop in gasoline prices (-5.87%). The greatest change was in the metropolitan area of ​​Fortaleza (1.35%), influenced by the high prices of rice (23.02%), beef (4.79%) and gasoline (2.78%

For the IPCA-15 calculation, prices were collected from September 12 to October 13, 2020 (reference) and compared with those in effect between August 14 and September 11, 2020 (base). The indicator refers to families with income from 1 to 40 minimum wages and covers the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, in addition to Brasília and Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the IPCA, the only difference is in the period of collection and geographic coverage.