The Extended National Consumer Price Index - IPCA changed 0.51% in November, whereas it had registered 0.10% in October. This was the highest figure for October since 2015, when the IPCA stayed at 1.01%. The cumulative index in the year stayed at 3.12% and, in the last 12 months, at 3.27%, above the rate of 2.54% recorded in the immediately previous 12 months. The rate was -0.21% in November 2018.

Of the nine groups of products and services surveyed, seven rose in November, highlighted by Personal expenses (1.24%), which registered the highest change in the month´s index, and Food and beverages (0.72%), whose contribution of 0.18 percentage points (p.p.) was the highest one among the IPCA groups.

Having changed from a deflation of 0.61% in October to a rise of 0.71% in November, with an impact of 0.11 p.p., the group of Housing also stood out. Together, the three groups accounted for nearly 82% of the November´s IPCA.

On the drop side, Household articles stood out, with a a change of -0.36% and a contribution of -0.01 p.p. to the month´s index. The other groups stood between the drop of 0.02% in Communication and the rise of 0.35% in Wearing apparel, as shown in the following table.

The acceleration of the group of Food and beverages (0.72%) was mainly due to the rise in meat (8.09%), which exerted the biggest individual impact (0.22 p.p.) on the November´s IPCA. As a result, food at home, which had recorded a deflation (-0.03%) in October, increased 1.01% in November. On the drop side, potatoes (-14.27%) and tomatoes (-12.71%) stood out, both of them contributing with -0.03 p.p. to the month´s index. Onions (-12.48%) also reduced, though less intensely than in October (-20.84%).

Food away from home rose 0.21% (against a rise of 0.19% in the previous month), influenced by item snacks, which changed from 0.32% in October to 0.56% in November and contributed with 0.01 p.p. to the month´s index.

The result of the group of Housing (0.71%) was explained by the rise in electricity (2.15%), due, to a great extent, to the change of the tariff flag from October to November. The yellow flag was in force in October, representing a charge of R$1.50 per each 100 kilowatt-hour consumed. The red tariff flag level 1 came into force in November, whose charge was adjusted from R$4.00 to R$4.169 per each 100 kilowatt-hour.

Even so, four out of the 16 areas surveyed posted a reduction in the fare. In Porto Alegre (1.55%), one of the concessionaires surveyed reduced the fare by 6.00%, in force since November 22. In São Paulo (3.34%), the average reduction was of 5.30% in the residential fare of one of the concessionaires surveyed, in force since October 23. Brasília (-0.34%) and Goiânia (0.62%) reduced their fare by 6.91% and 5.08%, respectively, both of them since October 22.

Still in Housing, the result of the item water and sewage fees (0.24%) was due to the adjustments of 3.43% in Curitiba (1.95%), in force since November 11, and of 4.87% in Rio de Janeiro (0.45%), in force since October 1st. On the other hand, the deflation registered in the item piped gas (-0.26%) was due to the reduction of 0.60% in the fare practiced in Rio de Janeiro (-0.53%), in force since November 1st. Concerning bottled gas (0.87%), it is worth highlighting that Petrobras announced and adjustment of 4.00% in the price of the 13-kg cylinder in the refineries, from November 27 onwards.

In Transportation (0.30%), the prices of fuels (0.78%) decelerated in relation to the previous month (1.38%), especially due to gasoline, which changed 0.42% in November against the rise of 1.28% registered in October. The areas surveyed changed from the fall of 5.00% in Fortaleza up to the rise of 5.91% in São Luís. On the other hand, the prices of ethanol increased 2.46%, contributing with 0.02 p.p. to the month´s index.

Still in Transportation, the prices of airfare (4.35%) stood out for the second month in a row (the rise in October was of 1.93%).

In the group of Health and personal care (0.21%), the deceleration in relation to October (0.40%) was due to the negative change reported in the items of personal hygiene (-0.12%), which had risen 0.94% in the previous month. The prices of the pharmaceuticals, in turn, remained stable (0.00%) and health plan (0.59%) recorded the same change as in October, contributing with 0.03 p.p. to the month´s index.

The group of Personal expenses (1.24%) posted the highest change and the second biggest impact (0.13 p.p.) on the November´s IPCA, influenced by the rise in the item games of chance (24.35%), due to the adjustments in the prices of the game bets, in force since November 10.

The highest regional change was in the municipality of São Luís (1.05%), due to the rises in gasoline (5.91%) and meat (6.82%). The metropolitan area of Recife and the municipality of Aracaju registered the lowest index (0.14%): in the former case, due to the drop in the prices of some food items, like onions (-21.50%), potatoes (-19.89%) and fruits (-3.02%); in the latter, besides the drop in onions (-20.41%), the prices of bottled gas (-3.31%) also fell, impacting -0.05 p.p. on the result of the area.

The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.

In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from October 29 to November 27,  2019 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 28 to October 28, 2019 (base).

INPC was 0.54% in November

The National Consumer Price Index - INPC changed 0.54% in November, whereas it had registered 0.04% in October. This was the highest figure for November since 2015. The cumulative change in the year stayed at 3.22% and, in relation to the last 12 months, the index accelerated to 3.37%, above the rate of 2.55% registered in the 12 immediately previous months. The rate was -0.25% in November 2018.

Food products rose 0.78% in November, while recording 0.02% in the previous month. The group of non-food products, in turn, changed 0.44%, whereas posting a rise of 0.05% in October.

Concerning the regional indexes, as shown in the following table, the municipality of São Luís (1.05%) posted the highest change, mainly due to the rise reported in the prices of meat (6.66%).

The lowest index (0.09%) was registered in two metropolitan areas, due to the food items in both places: in Rio de Janeiro, the prices of potatoes (-23.36%) and  tomatoes (-30.50%) dropped expressively; in Recife, the highlight was the drop in the prices of potatoes (-19.89%),  onions (-21.50%) and fruits (-2.82%).

In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from October 29 to November 27,  2019 (reference) were compared with the prices in force from September 28 to October 28, 2019 (base).

The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to households with monthly income of 1 to 5 minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande, Rio Branco, São Luís, Aracaju and Brasília.