In 2018, only 8.3% of the municipalities had women’s police stations and 9.7% of the Brazilian municipalities provided specialized services aimed at victims of sexual violence. It was also observed that the percentage of municipalities with an executive department of women policies fell between 2013 (27.5%) and 2018 (19.9%) and reached the same level as in 2009 (18.7%).

In addition to that, the percentage of municipalities that had shelters managed by the municipal government , and that provided assistance to women in situations of violence, fell from 2.5% in 2013 to 2.4% in 2018. In the year, 1,221 women and 1,103 children received care from shelters, where individual psychological care was the main service offered (74.5%). Day care is the least common activity in institutions of that kind (19.0%).

With regard to instruments for migration management, in a total 3, 876 municipalities where migrants/refugees seeking refuge were found, only 215 provide one of the services investigated. Only 48 municipalities offered Portuguese classes, 25 had multilanguage assistance in public services and 58 had a shelter.

In 2018, 99.5% (5,540) of the municipalities were engaged in some type of social assistance service. A total 99.8% (5,529) had at least one type of basic protection service and 82.4% (4,563), of specific social protection.

For the first time, the survey investigated the number of goods protected as stated in the municipal legislation on Historical Heritage – a total 28,421 goods. Nevertheless, only 17.8% of the municipalities allocated resources for protected goods. The percentage of municipalities with a museum fell from 27.2%, in 2014, to 25.9%, in 2018, and the existence of libraries also fell, from 97.1% para 87.7%. Also, libraries were also the most affected institutions in terms of the decrease in the percentage of municipalities developing programs or actions for the opening, refurbishment or renovation of facilities, from 44.2% to 36.9%.

With regard to health, in 2018, there were 3,013 municipal establishments administered by third parties, being 58.3% managed by social organizations. In 55.3% of the municipalities, the users of basic care would be sent to other municipalities for medical examinations. A total 60.7% of the municipalities sent their patients for hospital admission in other municipalities. On the other hand, as for emergency care, 91.9% of the municipalities were able to provide the service.

The choice of school directors in the municipal segment resulted from political appointments in 3,869 municipalities (69.5%), a decrease of 4.9 percentage points versus 2014 (74.4%). There was an increase in the percentage of municipalities whose municiapl education managers had a graduate degree, with an increase from 65.2% in 2014 to 69.6% in 2018.

In 2018, 87.7% (4,886) of the Brazilian municipalities reported the development of some type of productive inclusion action, at a percentage below that in 2014 (98.7% or 5,499). In terms of food security, 63.3% (3,526) did not have a specific body for the management of food and nutrition security, a higher percentage than in 2014 (60.4% or 3,363). Furthermore, 78.2% of the municipalities did not have a municipal law on food and nutrition security.

Regarding human resources, municipal direct and indirect administration employed 6,531,554 persons, which is equivalent to 3.1% of the total population in the country and 3.2% above the figure in 2017. The existence of a Master Plan was reported by 51.5% (2,866).

These data can be found in the Profile of Brazilian Municipalities (Munic) 2018, which presents data om human resources, legislation and planning instruments, education, culture, heath, social assistance, food security, labor and productive inclusion, policies for women and instruments for migration management. See the complete survey and the support material for further information.

Percentage of municipalities with executive bodies for women's policies falls
The percentage of municipalities with executive bodies for women’s policies fell between 2013 (27.5%) and 2018 (19.9%), going back to the level it had in 2009 (18.7%). The prevailing structure in charge of the design, coordination and implementation of women's policies is that of sector under another secretariat (62.8%). Specialized secretariats are found in just 12.8% of the municipalities.

Of the 1,109 municipalities with executive bodies for women's policies, 90.5% are managed by women in the age bracket of 41 to 60 years old (48.9% of the total women). More than half of the managers are white (53.6%), followed by browns (35.2%).

The population group for whom the municipalities worked the most in 2018 was that of elderly women (52.5%), despite the reduction over 2009 (66.5%). On the other hand, except for women with disabilities, all the other specific groups had rises in their contribution from 2009 to 2018.

Even though the last edition of the National Plan of Women's Policies was dates back to 2015, the municipalities kept their municipal plans and, from 2013 to 2018, the percentage of municipalities adopting the Municipal Plan of Women's Policies went from 4.5% to 5.3%, a growth of 17%.

Just 2.4% have shelter-homes for women in situations of violence
Twelve years after the Maria da Penha Law, just 2.4% of the Brazilian municipalities have shelter-homes under municipal management for women in situations of violence, and this percentage fell in relation to 2013 (2.5%). Among the 3,808 municipalities with up to 20,000, just nine have shelter-homes. In the municipalities with more than 500,000 inhabitants, 58.7% have shelter-homes.

The main activity carried out by shelter-homes are individual psychological care, in 74.5% of the total existing shelter-homes. As to day care centers, they are the least provided service in those institutions, present only in 19.0% of the shelter-homes. In 2018, 1,221 women and 1,103 children checked in the shelter-homes.

Besides, just 9.7% of the Brazilian municipalities render specialized services in the area of sexual assault and 8.3% have specialized police stations for women. Those services were also concentrated in the most populous municipalities.

Of the 3,876 with immigrants, just 215 rendered migration management services

The 2018 MUNIC investigated the migration management instruments. Of the 3.876 municipalities in which there is the presence of migrants/refugees or people seeking refuge, just 215 offer any of the services investigated. Portuguese teaching to migrants/refugees is offered in just 48 municipalities and 11 Federation Units, being concentrated in the South. The Multilanguage approach in the public services was present in just 25 municipalities, distribute in 12 states. It is worth mentioning that none of the capitals in the Southeast had this kind of service.

In 58 municipalities there were shelters for immigrants/persons in search of refuge or humanitarian asylum and the Reference and Welcoming Centers for Immigrants and Refugees (CRAI) were found in 63 municipalities, distributed among 17 Federation Units concentrated in the Center-South of the country.

More than 99% of the municipalities had welfare services
In 2018, 99.5% (5,540) of the municipalities carried out some kind of welfare services. Among them, 99.8% (5,529) had basic social protection and 82.4% (4,563) had at least one kind of special social protection service.

Among the 5,529 municipalities that offered at least one kind of basic protection service, more than 91.0% had Protection Service and Comprehensive Family Care (PAIF/CRAS), Co-living Service for children and adolescents from 6 to 15 years old and for the elderly.

The most complex special social protection service offered was the Social Protection of Adolescents in Compliance with the Probation (LA) Socio-Educational Measure and Provision of Community Services (PSC) (78.7%). Among the highly complex special social protection services, the Institutional Shelter Service for children and adolescents prevailed (50.3%).

Municipalities are responsible for 28,421 goods protected by heritage designation

For the first time in 2018, the amount of assets protected by municipal legislation, which reached 28,421, was surveyed. The proportion of municipalities that transferred resources for heritage protected goods was 990 or 17.8% of the total municipalities. Regarding the existence of heritage protection legislation, the percentage increased from 27.2% in 2014 to 31.8% in 2018.

Museums were present in 25.9% of the municipalities in 2018, a smaller proportion than that observed in 2014 (27.2%). The number of libraries also declined, from 97.1% in 2014 to 87.7% in 2018.

The number of equipment maintained by the municipal government also decreased between 2014 and 2018, with the largest percentage decrease (-13%) in “public archives and/or documentation centers”, from 1,248 to 1,090.

The number of municipalities that developed programs or actions for the implantation, renovation or modernization of equipment has fallen either, with a greater impact on libraries (from 44.2% to 36.9%).

On the other hand, financial support for cultural activities showed a growth trend in the period, especially for events, going from 60.2% to 75.7% of municipalities investing on them in 2018.

In 2018, 96.0% of the municipalities (5,346) had some structure of municipal culture management.

In the country, there are 3.013 health municipal facilities managed by third parties

In 2018, 93.2% of Brazilian municipalities had health facilities under their management responsibility. Of these, 13.2% had establishments under their responsibility run by third parties. Of the 3,013 third-party establishments, 58.3% were run by social organizations (OS); 15.0%, by private companies; 11.0% by public consortia and 9.4% by foundations.

In 55.3% of the municipalities, primary care users were sent to other municipalities for exams. In terms of hospitalization, 60.7% of the municipalities sent patients to other municipalities. When it comes to emergency care, 91.9% of the municipalities had this service in their own municipality.

In 14.7% of the municipalities, there were establishments with a nephrology service, in a public establishment or under the SUS. In 9.7% there were neonatal ICU beds/cribs and in 34.6% there were intermediate beds/cribs.

Percentage of school principals appointed by politicians fall

In 3,869 municipalities (69.5%), the choice of principals of municipal schools was made by political indication, a decrease of 4.9 percentage points compared to 2014 (74.4%).

The percentage of municipalities whose municipal education managers had postgraduate courses increased from 65.2% in 2014 to 69.6% in 2018. Most municipal education managers were women (70.1%) and white (59.7%).

There was a systematic increase in the number of municipalities with a Municipal Council of Education: from 67.6% in 2006 to 92.8% in 2018. In 2018, 65.7% of these councils had parity distribution.

Just 21.8% of municipalities had municipal law of food and nutrition security

Of the 5,570 Brazilian municipalities, 63.3% (3,526) did not have a managing body for food and nutrition security policy, higher than in 2014 (60.4% or 3,363). The percentage of municipalities with organizational structure for the policy was 36.6%. In addition, 78.2% of the municipalities had no municipal food and nutrition security law.

The Municipal Plan for Food and Nutrition Security was present in 10.2% (569) of the municipalities, a percentage slightly higher than that found in 2014 (8.4%). The existence of municipal budget resources provided for the financing of food and nutrition security policies was reported by 22.9% (1,276) of the municipalities.

Regarding the actions developed, the school feeding program and family farming public procurement program were carried out, respectively, by 83.9% and 85.7% of the municipalities. Popular restaurants, community kitchens and public food supply equipment was the least developed among the municipalities.

Productive inclusion actions fall among municipalities

In 2018, 87.7% (4,886) of the Brazilian municipalities reported developing some productive inclusion action, lower than in 2014 (98.7% or 5,499). The percentage of those who developed at least one rural productive inclusion action fell from 96.9% (5,400) in 2014 to 71.4% (3,979) in 2018. The percentage of urban productive inclusion fell from 90.7% (5,054) to 66.2% (3687).

The percentage of municipalities that developed at least one credit, microcredit and insurance action was 32.5% (1,808), lower than 2014 (43.8%). On the other hand, between 2014 and 2018, the percentage of municipalities with job and income generation projects increased from 54.0% to 55.5%.

Municipal civil servants account for 3.1% of the country's population

In 2018, the municipal direct and indirect administration employed 6,531,554 persons, 3.2% more than in 2017. This contingent was equivalent to 3.1% of the country's total population. The larger the population size class of the municipality, the lower this percentage.

The direct administration was composed mostly by statutory servants (62.2%), although there was a decrease compared to 2017 (65.7%). Workers hired under the regime pursuant to the Consolidation of Brazilian Labor Law (CLT)  accounted for 7.2% and also decreased (8.2%). In indirect management, the percentage of statutory employees remained practically stable (from 45.0% to 44.9%) and the percentage of CLT workers fell (from 36.0% to 34.8%).

More than half (51.5%) of municipalitied had a master plan

In 2018, 51.5% (2,866) of the municipalities had a Master Plan. Regarding the existence of the other planning instruments investigated, in 2018, 5,363 (96.3%) municipalities had at least one of the surveyed instruments and 204 (3.7%), none of the instruments.

The most used instruments were the urban perimeter law (90.1%), the building code (68.2%) and the land sharing legislation (65.7%). The least used were the legislation on special adverse possession of urban property (17.6%), on legitimation of possession (19.3%) and on administrative easement (19.5%).