For the first time in the time series started in 2002, the GDP volume dropped in every Federation Unit in 2015. Mato Grosso do Sul (-0.3%), Roraima (-0.3%) and Tocantins (-0.4%) registered the best figures, whereas Amapá (-5.5%), Amazonas (-5.4%) and Rio Grande do Sul (-4.6%) reported the steepest reductions. This year, only five states (São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais, Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná) accounted for 64.7% of the national GDP. Tocantins (112.1%), Mato Grosso (101.8%), Piauí (84.4%), Acre (81.2%) and Rondônia (79.4%) recorded the biggest cumulative increases between 2002 and 2015. The Federal District (R$73,971.05) posted the highest per capita GDP, while Maranhão reported the lowest one (R$11,366.23).

Although São Paulo increased its share by 0.2 p.p. over 2014, this state registered the biggest cumulative loss in this aspect between 2002 and 2015: 2.5 p.p., from 34.9% in 2002 to 32.4% in 2015.

This is some information from the Regional Accounts 2015, which are produced in partnership with the state statistical organizations, state government departments and the Superintendence of the Manaus Free Trade Zone - SUFRAMA. The complete publication can be found here.

 Mato Grosso do Sul records smallest drop in volume over 2014 (-0.3%)

Having dropped in every Federation Unit, the national GDP changed -3.5% in volume in 2015, an unprecedented event in the time series started in 2002. On its turn, Mato Grosso do Sul was the Federation Unit that recorded the smallest reduction (-0.3%). A good part of this result was due to the positive behavior of Agriculture (10.1%). Roraima (-0.3%), Tocantins (-0.4%), Pará (-0.9%) and the Federal District (-1.0%) also performed better than the national figure (-3.5%). On the other hand, Amapá (-5.5%), Amazonas (-5.4%), Rio Grande do Sul (-4.6%), Minas Gerais (-4.3%) and Goiás (-4.3%) posted the sharpest drops, as a result of important contributions from the sectors of Industry and Services.                 

Five states concentrate 64.7% of GDP in 2015

The five states with the biggest share in the Brazilian GDP in 2015 – São Paulo (32.4%), Rio de Janeiro (11.0%), Minas Gerais (8.7%), Rio Grande do Sul (6.4%) and Paraná (6.3%) – concentrated 64.7% of the Brazilian economy, 0.2 p.p. less than in 2014. This reduction was mainly due to Rio de Janeiro and Minas Gerais, which registered a drop in this aspect.

The five biggest economies maintained their positions in this period, except for Rio Grande do Sul in 2013, which exchanged positions with Paraná, which returned to the fourth position in 2014.

Contributing with 31.9% to the national GDP in 2002, the other 22 Federation Units added up to 35.3% in 2015.  Even maintaining the same level as in 2014 (4.2% and 1.8%, respectively), Santa Catarina and Mato Grosso were the states that mostly increased their shares along the time series (0.5 p.p. each).

As a whole, Paraná was the state that mostly gained share between 2014 and 2015 (0.3 p.p.), followed by Bahia, São Paulo, the Federal District and Rio Grande do Sul (0.2 p.p. each). Rio de Janeiro was the Federation Unit that mostly lost share this year (-0.6 p.p.).

Per capita GDP of Federal District about 2.5 times Brazil in 2015

Among the Federation Units, the Federal District remained the highest per capita GDP (R$73,971.05), about 2.5 times the Brazilian per capita GDP. The other highest per capita GDPs were, in order, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul and Paraná. These states did not change their positions in the ranking over 2002. Mato Grosso was the state that mostly advanced in the time series, changing from the 11th position in 2002 to the seventh one in 2015.

Conversely, Maranhão (27th) and Piauí (26th) were the lowest ones in 2015. These two states exchanged positions along the time series, yet always showing the lowest figures. Nevertheless, their per capita GDP was about 30% of the Brazilian per capita GDP in 2002, reaching 40% in 2015. As a result, Maranhão and Piauí managed to reduce the distance between their per capita GDP and the national one.

Piauí was the state whose per capita GDP mostly increased among all the Federation Units, increasing about five times between 2002 and 2015 (from R$2,440.70 to R$12,218.51). Maranhão also stood out in this aspect, growing nearly 4.2 times. Tocantins, which increased 4.4 times, and Rondônia, Pará and Ceará, which grew nearly four times, were the other states that stood out in terms of the increase in the per capita  GDP along the time series.

Tocantins was the state that mostly increased in volume of the GDP between 2002 and 2015.

In the 2002-2015 time series, the Brazilian GDP in volume grew, on average, 2.9% per year. Having increased, on average, 6.0% per year, Tocantins was the state that mostly increased, followed by Mato Grosso (5.5%) and Piauí (4.8%). Having increased 7.2% per year, Industry stood out in Tocantins in this period. In Mato Grosso, the change was leveraged by the sector of Agriculture, which grew 8.5% per year, following the successful crop of soybeans in this state. In Piauí, Industry increased the most, having grown 7.0% per year between 2002 and 2015.

Following Tocantins, every state in the North Region had their change in volume of the GDP greater than the national average.  The North Region (4.3% per year) was followed by the Central-West Region (4.1% per year), highlighted by the performance of Mato Grosso.

The drop of 3.5% in the Brazilian GDP in 2015 was the second negative change in the time series, since it registered -0.1% in 2009, one year after the economic crisis that affected a number of countries. Besides being the biggest drop in volume in the time series, 2015 was the first year in which every Federation Unit dropped. The South Region recorded the smallest growth in volume of the GDP along the time series (2.4% per year) and also posted the highest slump between 2014 and 2015: -4.1%. Such result was influenced by the performance of Rio Grande do Sul, which retreated in relevant activities such as Manufacturing industries (-0.5% per year) and Other services activities (-0.9% per year) between 2002 and 2015.

In Roraima, compensation of employees accounts for 58.5% of GDP in 2015

Under the point of view of income, compensation of employees accounted for 44.6% of the Brazilian GDP in 2015, an increase of 1.1 percentage points over 2014. Such compensation registered the biggest share in the regional GDP in the Northeast (47.8%), followed by the Central-West (46.2%). In this region, the Federal District, which concentrates most of the federal public administration, recorded the third biggest share of compensation of employees (56.0%) in the GDP.

Compensation of employees accounted for 44.9% of the GDP in the North Region, also surpassing the national average (44.6%). This region includes the two Brazilian states where this component weighted more: Roraima (58.5%) and Amapá (57.1%). The Southeast concentrated 54.0% of the Brazilian economy and 44.1% of its GDP came from compensation of employees. The share of this component in the GDP of the South Region was 42.4%.

The GDP information of the Federation Units under the point of view of income follows below.