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Unemployment stayed at 6.2% in Q4 of 2013

Section: Social Statistics

April 10, 2014 09h00 AM | Last Updated: August 20, 2018 10h20 AM

 

Indicator / Period Q4 / 2013 Q3/ 2013 Q4/ 2012
Unemployment rate
6.2%
6.9%
6.9%
Employment-population ratio
57.3%
57.1%
57.1%
Employed population
91.881 million
91.175 million
90.306 million
Unemployed population
6.052 million
6.796 million
6.653 million
 

The unemployment rate was estimated at 6.2% in the 4th quarter of 2013, a reduction of 0.7 percentage points (p.p.)  in relation to Q3 of 2013 (6.9%), and also in the comparison with the 4th quarter of 2012, when the rate was also estimated at 6.9%. In the last quarter of 2013, the Northeast Region posted the highest rate, 7.9%, and the South Region, the lowest, 3.8%. The unemployment rate among the youngsters aged 18 to 24, 13.1%, was above the total average. This phenomenon was seen in the country as a whole and in the five Major Regions. In the groups of people aged 25 to 39 and 40 to 59, this indicator was 6.0% and 3.2%, respectively.

The employment-population ratio (indicator that measures the share of the employed population in relation to the working age population) was 57.3% in Q4 2013 in Brazil, remaining unchanged over Q3 2013 and Q4 2012.

In the last quarter of 2013, the employed population comprised 69.6% of employees, 4.1% of employers, 23.2% of self-employed and 3.1% of contributing family workers. Over the time series, this distribution has not changed significantly. In the North (30.3%) and Northeast Regions (29.5%), the percentage of self-employed workers was above to the one seen in the other Regions.

In Q4 of 2013, 77.1% of the employees in the private sector had a formal labor contract, with an advance of 1.0 percentage points in relation to the 4th quarter of 2012. The North (64.4%) and Northeast Regions (61.8%) registered the lowest percentages of this indicator. In the same period, the proportion of workers in the private sector with a formal labor contract increased in all Regions. Among domestic workers, 31.1% had a formal contract.

The complete publication can be accessed at

https://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/indicadores/trabalhoerendimento/pnad_continua/default.shtm.

 

Unemployment rate falls 0.7 p.p. in relation to Q3 2013

With an unemployment rate of 6.2% for Brazil as a whole in Q4 2013, there was a 0.7 p.p. drop in relation to Q3 2013, 6.9% - same level as Q4 2012. Regionally, differences were detected along all quarters. In the 4th quarter of 2013, the Northeast Region posted the highest rate (7.9%), but there was a significant drop in relation to the 3rd quarter of 2013 (9.0%) and in relation to the 4th quarter of 2012 (9.3%). The lowest rate was registered in the South Region (3.8%). In both comparisons, all regions dropped their unemployment rates in the 4th quarter of 2013.

 

Unemployment rate

The unemployment rate also fell in all age groups, both for Brazil as a whole and for all Major Regions. Among the youngsters aged 18 to 24 (13.1%), this indicator was above the total average. This phenomenon was also seen in the five Major Regions.

Among men, the rate was estimated at 5.1% in the 4th quarter of 2013 and at 7.6% for women. Women represented 53.4% of the unemployment population in the period.

Among the population with unfinished high school (10.7%), the unemployment rate was higher than the one registered for the other levels of schooling. For the group of persons with unfinished higher education, the rate was estimated at 6.6%, almost twice as much as the one seen for those with complete higher education (3.4%).

Most of the employed were aged 25 to 59

The analysis of the number of the employed persons in the 4th quarter of 2013 by age groups showed that 14.4% of them were young (18 to 24), the adults of 25 to 39 and 40 to 59 accounted for 76.5% and the elderly were 6.5%. The contribution of the minors in the employed population recorded decrease, moving from 3.0% in Q4 of 2012 to 2.6% in Q4 2013.

In the 4th quarter of 2013, 31.8% of the employed persons had not finished primary education, 50.9% had at least finished high school and 15.0% had finished higher education. In the North (39.0%) and Northeast Regions (42.0%), the percentage of persons in the lowest schooling levels (unfinished primary education) was higher than the one seen in the other regions.

In the 4th quarter of 2013, the employed population comprised 69.6% of employees, 4.1% of employers, 23.2% of self-employed and 3.1% of contributing family workers. Over the time series, this distribution has not changed significantly. In the North (30.3%) and Northeast Regions (29.5%), the percentage of self-employed workers was higher than the one seen in the other regions. The same was seen for the contributing family workers: the North (6.8%) and Northeast Region (4.7%) recorded the greatest contribution of these workers.

A significant part of the employees was set in the private sector (73.1%), 17.6% in the public sector and the others (9.3%), in domestic service. There was reduction in the contribution of domestic workers in the employed population (from 9.8% in Q4 of 2012 to 9.3% in Q4 2013).

In Q4 of 2013, 77.1% of the employees in the private sector had a formal labor contract, an advance of 1.0 percentage points in relation to the 4th quarter of 2012. Among domestic workers, 31.1% had a formal contract - a situation which remained unchanged within a year. The percentage of workers with a formal labor contract in the private sector reflected different situations: the North (64.4%) and Northeast Regions (61.8%) had lower levels in relation to the other regions.

Employment-population ratio reaches 57.3%

The employment-population ratio in Brazil in the 4th quarter of 2013 was estimated at 57.3%. This indicator did not post significant changes in relation to the 3rd quarter of 2013 (57.1%). Against the 4th quarter of 2012 (57.1%), there was stability. The South (61.6% in Q4 2013) and Central-West Regions (61.7%) were the ones with the highest percentages. The Northeast Region recorded the lowest employment-population ratio (52.2%).

The employment-population ratio was estimated at 69.1% for men and 46.6% for women. Such difference among men and women was seen in the five Major Regions, with a highlight to the North - where the difference between men (70.4%) and women (44.0%) was the highest - and the South - with the lowest difference: 72.1% for men and 52.0% for women.

The employment-population ratio of the age group 25 to 39 was estimated at 76.0%. In the groups aged between 40 and 59, it was 69.5%. Among youngsters aged 18 to 24, the estimate was 58.8%. Among minors (14 to 17) the figure was 17.0%, whereas, for the elderly (60 or over), it was 22.1%.

In Q4 2013, the employment-population ratio of persons with no education was nearly one third (33.6%). In the group of persons with complete higher education, this indicator reached 79.8%.

Population out of the workforce amounts to 38.9% of persons aged 14 or over

In Brazil, in Q4 2013, 38.9% of the persons aged 14 or over were out of the workforce, which means: they were neither employed nor unemployed in the week of reference of the survey. The Northeast Region was the one with the greatest share of persons out of the work force (43.4%). The South (35.9%) and Central-West Regions (35.1%) had the lowest percentages. This distribution has not changed significantly over the series. 

The population out of the workforce was made up of a majority of women. In Q4 2013, they represented 66.7%. This behavior was similar in all regions.

In Q4 2013, in Brazil, nearly one third of the population out of the workforce was made up of elderly persons (persons aged 60 or over). Those aged below 25 represented 29.4% and the adults, aged 25 to 59, represented 36.9%. 

In Q4 2013, more than half of this population (56.1%) had not finished primary school and a little less than one quarter had finished at least high school.