The Extended Consumer Price Index (IPCA) changed 0.57% in October and stood 0.22 percentage points above the September´s rate (0.35%). As a consequence, the cumulative rate in the year stayed at 4.38%, the same rate registered in the same period of 2012. The cumulative rate in the last 12 months was at 5.84%, below that of the 12 previous months (5.86% ). In October 2012, the rate was at 0.59%. The complete publication of the survey can be accessed on page https://www.ibge.gov.br/english/estatistica/indicadores/precos/inpc_ipca/defaultinpc.shtm.

  In October, the major ranking of impacts was led by meat, which held 0.08 percentage points of the IPCA. The prices of meat increased an average of 3.17%, reaching 5.85% in São Paulo's municipality. Other food products important to consumers also increased, highlighted by tomatoes, which increased by 18.65%, but reached 52.69% in Rio de Janeiro's municipality. Among others, food and beverages increased 1.03% in October, above the rate of 0.14% of September, and was the major responsible for the acceleration of IPCA from one month to the other, accounting for 0.25 percentage points, or 44% of the index.

Even with food products posting an increase, some products were cheaper in October than in September:

Thus, five out of the nine products and services surveyed posted results higher than the ones recorded in the previous month and four had reduction:

The major change was in the group of wearing apparel, which recorded 1.13% in relation to 0.63% in September. Female clothes reached 1.34% and male clothes, 1.28%.

In the group of household articles, which passed from 0.65% in September to 0.81% in October, furniture was the major highlight, with an increase of 1.28%.

Personal expenses (from 0.20% in September to 0.43% in October) and Communication (from -0.04% to 0.08%) also posted acceleration in the price increase taxes from one month to the other.

On the other hand, Transportation, which posted a decrease in gasoline (from -0.42% to 0.01%) and ethanol (from -0.72% to 0.93%), decreased to 0.17% in October, whereas in September it posted an increase of 0.44%. This is a result of air tickets, which recorded a decrease of 1.96% in October, whereas in September it recorded an increase of 16.09%.

As to the group of Housing, which recorded 0.62% in September and 0.56% in October, important items were more expensive, as rent, which increased 1.02% and bottled gas, which increased 1.56%. However, there was a decrease of 0.58% in electricity fees, which led the result below that of the previous month.

Health and personal care, from 0.46% in September to 0.39% in October, and Education (from 0.12% to 0.09%) also decreased from one month to the other.

Among the regional indexes, the highest index was in the municipality of Goiânia (0.92%), where gasoline reached 3.91% and ethanol posted a price 5.85% higher from September to October. Besides, also in Goiânia, the increase in food products price was higher than the national average, reaching 1.24%. Salvador (0.14%) posted the lowest index of the month, considering the decrease of 8.45% in gasoline price and 6.42% in ethanol price.

In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from October 1 to October 29 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from August 29 to September 30 (base).

INPC has been calculated by IBGE since 1979. It refers to families with monthly income of one to eight minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses nine metropolitan areas in the country, besides the municipalities of Goiânia and Brasília.

IPCA has been calculated by IBGE since 1980. It refers to families with monthly income of one to forty minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses nine metropolitan areas in the country, besides the municipalities of Goiânia and Brasília. In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from October 1 to October 29 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from August 29 to September 30 (base).

NATIONAL CONSUMER PRICE INDEX - INPC

The National Consumer Price Index – INPC recorded a change of 0.61% in October, being 0.34 percentage points above the result of September (0.27%). As a consequence, the cumulative index of the year was 4.25%, below the rate of 4.85% recorded in the same period of 2012. Considering the last twelve months, the index was 5.58%, being below the 5.69% of that of the immediately previous months. In October 2012 the INPC had been 0.71%.

Food products recorded a change of 0.94% in October, whereas non-food products increased by 0.47%. In September, the results were 0.05% and 0.36%, respectively.

Among the regional indexes, the highest index was in the municipality of Goiânia (0.93%), where gasoline reached 3.91% and ethanol posted a price 5.85% higher from September to October. Besides, also in Goiânia, the increase in food products price was higher than the national average, reaching 1.25%. Salvador (0.38%) posted the lowest index in the month, considering the decrease of 8.45% in gasoline price and 6.42% in ethanol price. The table below shows the index by surveyed area.