In 2012, all the 27 Federation Units had an office in charge of social assistance policy, though eight of them did not provide any kind of service in this area: TO, RN, AL, MG, ES, SP, PR and MT. Every state claimed to track the municipalities on the management of social assistance and ten of them co-funded social assistance services together with the municipalities. Only Acre claimed not to have a State Plan of Social Assistance; 11 states and the Federal District had plans in place and 15 Federation Units were still developing them.

These are some of the outcomes of the first edition of the Survey of Basic State Information (ESTADIC) 2012, an unprecedented study that gathers information about state administrations. Data on several subjects were collected, like human resources, state councils and funds, gender policies, human rights, food and nutritional security, and productive inclusion, based on records provided by managers from all Federation Units and the Federal District.

This edition also brings the Supplement on Social Assistance, including information about the administrative, legal and operational structures of social assistance proposed by the Single System of Social Assistance (SUAS), implemented in partnership with the Ministry of Social Development and Fight Against Hunger (MDS).

ESTADIC 2012 also registered that every Federation Unit featured a Council of Nutritional and Food Security (SAN), though only four of them claimed to have a State Plan in this area.

Among all the Federation Units, only São Paulo did not have any office to deal specifically with gender policies. On the other hand, only ten states claimed to have a State Plan of Policies for Women. Every Federation Unit features special police stations for women, though the reference centers exclusively for women are in effect in 13 states only.

Concerning the human rights policies, only Amapá claimed not to have an office to deal specifically with this matter and six states (Rondônia, Amazonas, Roraima, Amapá, Ceará and Espírito Santo) did not feature any channel for reporting the violation of human rights within the state structure.  

As to the policies for productive inclusion - policies aimed at acquiring the skills and knowledge needed for the insertion in the labor market - in 2012, 26 states claimed to carry out actions, programs or projects in this area and 19 of them stated to conduct education actions for the young and the adults. The technical education in state schools was provided by 13 states, while 18 state administrations claimed to carry out digital inclusion actions.

Most of the human resources in the direct administration were composed of statutory servants, 2.2 million persons or 82.7% of the total.  Among the persons employed in the direct administration, 53.5% had higher education or post-graduation (1.4 million servants). As to the remaining servants, 31.9% had high school level (834.4 thousand) and 9.1% (238.6 thousand) had primary school level.

The complete publication can be accessed on link https://www.ibge.gov.br/english/estatistica/economia/estadic/estadic2012/.

Social assistance services are carried out in 19 Federation Units

In 2012, 18 states and the Federal District claimed to carry out social assistance services. Eight states did not provide any kind of service: TO, RN, AL, MG, ES, SP, PR and MT. In addition to these states, Rondônia stated not to conduct special social protection services (of protective nature, targeted to families and persons in situation of personal or social risk, whose rights had been violated or jeopardized), but only basic ones (of preventive nature, like sheltering, sociability and socialization services to families and persons in situation of vulnerability).

ESTADIC registered that the complementary role of the states in the implementation of services ranges between medium and high complexity. Among the special protection services, those of medium complexity were not directly provided by the following states: AP, MA, PI, RJ, SC, RS and GO, which does not mean that those services may not be provided by the municipalities. On the other hand, those of high complexity showed a higher level of incidence, partly explained by their nature and typification.

Special protection services aim at providing care to families and persons already in situation of violation of rights, being classified as services of medium and high complexity. Services of medium complexity are those that provide care to families and persons who had their rights violated, but whose family and community bonds did not happen to be broken. As to the services of high complexity, they are those that assure full protection - housing, food and hygiene - to families and persons with no reference and/or in situation of jeopardy, having to be taken away from their family and/or community.

Every state tracks the municipal management of SUAS

The management model of SUAS is decentralized and participatory, assuming a shared management. All the 26 states used to track municipal managements. Only RN and ES did not pay any planned periodic technical visits and SC neither periodic, technical, nor sporadic visits.

This tracking can be made through the monitoring of SUAS, technical visits, analysis of data from the SUAS Census, investigation of reports, inspections, audits and other systems provided by the Ministry of Social Development and Fight Against Hunger (MDS) and/or states.

Every state features management agencies of social assistance

In 2012, all the states and the Federal District had management agencies in charge of the social assistance policy. These offices reported to the direct administration as a department either exclusive or shared with other policies. The survey registered departments sharing work with other policies in 20 states and in the Federal District, most often in food security, labor and human rights.

Management agencies are responsible for developing the Plan of Social Assistance, a strategic planning tool for organizing, regulating and guiding the Social Assistance Policy. Only Acre claimed not to have a State Plan of Social Assistance. Among the remaining Federation Units, 11 states and the Federal District had their plans approved, whereas 15 states were still developing them.

ESTADIC shows there were 20,383 persons employed in Social Assistance in 2012. The majority of this group were statutory civil servants, amounting to 11,356 persons (55.7%).  Among the Federation Units, those which held the biggest number of statutory civil servants were: Federal District (92.3%), Mato Grosso do Sul (85.4%), Santa Catarina (83.6%), Amapá (79.2%), Bahia (76.6%), Pará (75.4%), Maranhão (72.1%) and Paraná (71.3%).

Councils in TO, ES and SP did not inspect their social assistance chain

All the Federation Units had Social Assistance Councils; however, the councils of Tocantins, Espírito Santo and São Paulo claimed not to carry out inspection of SUAS services, programs, projects and benefits. Social Assistance Councils are responsible for the establishment and inspection of the social assistance policy and its funding; the approval of social assistance plans; the examination and approval of the budget proposal and for monitoring the execution of the social assistance fund.

All the Councils which carried out inspections kept a record of them. The existence of a channel for the reporting of problems in the Social Assistance Council was limited to 13 Councils and reports were registered through physical or electronic means. 

10 states co-funded municipal social assistance services

One of the fundamental characteristcs of SUAS is its co-funding by the three federal entities, according the National Social Asssistance Policy. According to information from ESTADIC, in 2012, nine states co-funded social assistance services and occasional benefits in municipalities, and 10 of them co-funded only social assistance services.

Statutory servants with a higher-education of postgraduation degree made up the majority of professionals in direct public administration

In terms of human resources in direct administration in the country, statutory servants totaled 2.2 million, or 82.7%. The second most common type of employment was servants without a permanent contract, 14.5% (378.6 thousand). Servants earning only commission made up 2.9%; those contracted through CLT and trainees made up 0.6%. Among the Federation Units which held the biggest number of statutory civil servants, four were located in the Northeast: CE, with 98.1%; RN, with 97.3%; PI, with (5.9%; AL, with 93.8%; and one in the Southeast: SP, with 97.6%.

Out of this total, 53.5% had a higher-education or postgraduation degree (1.4 million servants).  As to the remaining servants, 31.9% had high school level (834.4 thousand) and 9.1% (238.6 thousand) had primary school level. The biggest proportions of employed persons with higher education or postgraduation degrees were in SC (74.3%), SP (68.4%), GO (63.2%), PR (61.0%), MA (59.3%), MG (58.7%) and PE (58.0%), whereas RO had the lowest percentage (15.9%).  The states with the biggest percentages of public administration servants with high-school education were RO (80.5%) and PB (54.4%), whereas the lowest pecentage was found in RJ (19.2%). Considering primary education, the highlights were PI (35.0%); AL (21.9%); PA (20.6%) and AC (20.2%).  The lowest percentages of this category were found in: RO (1.9%), SC and SP (both with 2.7%) and RJ (3.0%).

State plans for women policies are present in only 10 states

Out of the 27 Federation Units, SP was the only one not to have an office or sector in charge of gender policies, whereas nine states had an office exclusively for this issue and other 10 had a secretariat shared with another policy. Among the 26 Federation Units which had an office for gender policies, only 10 (AM, PA, AP, MA, RN, PE, SE, BA, MG and GO) had a State Plan of Policies for Women (PEPM).  Among those states, only MA, SE and MG did not have follow-up and monitoring committees. In five states the committee had the participation of other offices and also of civil society, besides that of the management agency.  In 2012, SE was the only state not to have a State Council for Women's Rights (CEDIM).  Most of the councils were created in 2000, but in SP, MG, PR, AL, RN, CE, RJ, MS and DF, the CEDIM has existed since the 1980's.

Among the exclusive units of services for women, 15 Federation Units had shelters for women suffering from violence maintained only by the state. Reference centers for women existed in 13 states. All the Federation Units had police departments specialized in women protection. SP held the majority of exclusively female prisons (17).  

Only six states did not have channels for reporting violation of human rights

Among the 27 Federation Units, only AP claimed not to have an office or secretariat in charge of the human rights policy at state-level. On the other hand, only SE had an office exclusively for human rights. In 16 states, the state management of the human rights policy was a duty of a non-specific secretariat integrated to other offices.  In 11 of them, the Human Rights Office was linked to the Secretariat of Justice.  In 8 of them, the human rights policy was a duty of a sector in a different secretariat.  In these cases, the secretariats which encompassed the human rights sector were, in the majority, related to Social Assistance and Justice.

Within the policy of human rights, one of the topics was the existence of channels for the reporting of human rights violation in the state government. This type of channel was not present in six states:  RO, AM, RO, AP, CE and ES. Among those with at least one reporting channel, the main means iof communication was the telephone, present in 18 Federation Units, whereas 13 had e-mail, 12, a page on the Internet and 11, a toll-free number.

Productive inclusion policies are a reality in 26 states

As to the policies for productive inclusion - policies aimed at acquiring the skills and knowledge needed for the insertion in the labor market - 26 states claimed to carry out actions, programs or projects. In SC and RN, the execution of such policies were a duty of the state management agency for income and labor policies. In the other states, this service was shared with other sectors of state public administration, not specified in the survey.

Among the 21 states which claimed to have actions for productive inclusion directed to formal education, 19 mentioned that these actions were aimed at the education of adults and youngsters. Technical education in state schools was provided by 13 states, while 18 state administrations claimed to carry out digital inclusion actions.

In relation to the public benefited by these actions, 24 governments claimed to target their productive inclusion programs and actions at beneficiaries of the Bolsa Família Program and family farmers, mainly in the case of actions related to professional qualification and manpower mediation and incentive to solidarity economy. 

Education Councils are the oldest ones and can be found in all the states

Estadic 2012 identified 13 State Councils: Education, Culture, Sports, Transportatiom, Health, Public Security, Environment, Children and Teenagers' Rights, Promotion of Racial Equality, Rights of Lesbians, Gays, Bissexuals, Transvestites and Transgenders (LGBT).  Besides, there was the identification of instances related to street population. The period of existence and seven instruments of Council work were analyzed: being bi-partitte, consultive, deliberative, normative, having had a meeting in the last 12 months and having a financial fund.

The average period of existence of State Councils is 16.7 years. Among State Councils existing in all the Federation units, Education ones are those with the highest average in terms of time of existence (47.7 years).  The other Councils having existed in the states for a longer period of time were those on: Culture, Health, Environment, Children and Teenagers, ranging between 23.7 and 18 years of existence. The Councils for Rights of the Elderly and the for the Disabled are much more recent (12.5 years and 9.1 years, respectively) and were present in all the states. On the other hand, the Councils of LGBT Rights are the newest  (2.8 years on the average) and least common ones, being present in only five states. 

If all the Federation Units had their 13 Council, the total would be 351, of which the 268 currently existing Councils represent 76%. In relation to instruments, several different situations were reported. For example, all the Health Councils are deliberative, bi-partite and have a financial fund. Among the 16 public Security Councils, nine are deliberative, 13, consultive, 12 have funds and only 6 carry out inspections. Among the five LGBT Councils, three are deliberative, two are inspective and none has a financial fund.

All the states have Councils for Food and Nutritional Security

The management analysis of the Food and Nutritional Security Council (SAN) showed that 24 states and the Federal District were structured to deal with this policy. All the Federation Units had Councils for Food and Nutritional Security.  The Inter-sector Government Representatives of SAN  included 21 states, but only nine had a specific budget to support their activities.  Considering the areas in this instance, there was highlight to health, education, social assistance and agriculture. Only four states claimed to have a State Plan for SAN, all including actions related to food and nutritional security, such as: supply of meals, productive inclusion, construction of cisterns, aquisition of family farming products, school feeding, actions in health and nutrition and food supply.