The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA-15) changed by 0.48% in September, being above the August rate (0.39%).  As a result, the change of IPCA-E (that is, accumulated IPCA-15) was 1.20% in the months of July, August and September, above the figure relative to the same quarter in 2011, 0.90%.  As a result, IPCA-15 accumulated in the year was 3.81%, below that of the same period in 2011 (5.04%)  Compared with the last 12 months, IPCA-15 was 5.31% lower than the figure of the immediately previous 12 months (5.37%).  In September 2011, the rate was 0.53%. The complete data of IPCA-15 are available at www.ibge.gov.br/english/estatistica/indicadores/precos/ipca15/defaultipca15.shtm.

Information about IPCA-E can be accessed at www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/indicadores/precos/ipcae/default.shtm.

The prices of food products rose 1.08% and, with an impact of 0.25 percentage points, accounted for about half of the monthly index. Several products recorded increase. Meat is the highlight in September, since it has risen 1.79% in September after having fallen 0.76% in August. Many food products recorded significant hikes in the month, some examples being potatoes (15.62%), onions (9.00%), garlic (6.08%), eggs (5.09%), tomatoes (4.52%), rice (3.97%) and chicken (3.46%) and French breads rolls (2.30%). Expenditure with housing also accelerated from August to September, having changed from 0.28% to 0.43%. That occurred to the less significant decrease of electricity (from -0.46% in August to -0.05% in September) together with the prices of less important items in the budget of families, such as residential rents (from 0.43 to 0.61%), condominium fees (1.06% to 1.19%), water and sewage rates (from 0.65% to 0.78%) and cooking gas (from -0.15% to 0.30%). Apparel (from 0.18% to 0.47%), transportation (from zero to 0.09%) and communication (from -0.03% to 0.01%) were other groups of products and services which accelerated from one month to the other, as seen in the table below:

As observed, out of the nine groups of products and services surveyed, four recorded less significant changes in September. That is the case of personal expenses (from 0.68% to 0.57%) in September). Its deceleration was influenced by the item “recreation”, which fell to 0.07% after having recorded 0.48% in August. Even so, in this group of personal expenses, the item “domestic worker”, on the other hand, rose even more, having changed from 1.11% to 1.24% and, this way, featured in the first position among the impacts of this month, with 0.05 percentage points. In Rio de Janeiro, the calculation of “domestic workers”, exceptionally, was done considered the figures accumulated in August and September (3.59%) and obtained from the Monthly Employment Survey (PME) of June and July, without the change that had come from the IPCA-16 of August (0.50%). The result, in this case, was a change of 3.08% in September.  

Also in Rio de Janeiro, in the item “manpower for small repair”, of the group Housing, the procedure was the same. Considering the index accumulated in August and September (-2.63%), the change that had been included in the IPCA-15 of August (0.50%) was left out, leading to the September figure (-3.12%). In terms of health and personal care (from 0.52%) in August to 0.31% in September), the decrease resulted from medicines, which changed by 0.31% in September, versus an increase of 0.52% in August. Decline was also observed in articles of personal hygiene, which fell from 0.55% in August, to 0.07% in September.

The groups household articles (from 0.23% in August to 0.19% in September) and education (from 0.54% to 0.11%) also recorded deceleration from one month to the other.

As a result, non-food products recorded change of 0.30%, close to the result of the previous month, 0.28%.

Among the indexes by area, the biggest one was that of Belém (0.87%), due to urban bus fares (5.77%), the rates of which were readjusted by 10.00% starting on August 1st, besides electricity (5.24%), whose rates have risen by 6.83% since August 7.  The lowest index was that of Goiânia (0.24%).  See below the table of results by area surveyed:

In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from August 14 to September 12 (reference) were compared with the ones in effect from July 14 to August 13 (base). The indicator refers to families with income ranging from 1 to 40 minimum wages and encompasses the metropolitan areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, besides Brasília and Goiânia. The methodology used is the same as that of IPCA. The difference lies in the period of price collection. IPCA-E is IPCA-15 accumulated in periods.