CEMPRE 2016: enterprises and other organizations lose 2.1 million employed persons between 2015 and 2016
June 27, 2018 10h00 AM | Last Updated: July 04, 2018 11h04 AM
In 2016, 5.1 million active enterprises and other organizations had 5.5 million local branches and employed 51.4 million persons, from which 44.5 million were salaried, who earned R$1.6 trillion in wages and other compensation.
The number of persons employed in those enterprises and other organizations fell 4.0% (less 2.1 million persons) between 2015 and 2016, the second consecutive drop in the time series started in 2007. That figure was pressed by the retreat of 4.4% in the number of salaried persons (less 2.0 million persons), which also dropped for the second time.
The number of partners and owners, which had already dropped in 2014 and 2015, declined 1.3% (-93 thousand persons) in 2016. Between 2015 and 2016, wages and other compensation dropped (-3.0%) and the number of enterprises and other organizations shrank by 64.3 thousand (-1.3%). Among the variables under analysis, average monthly wage was the only one to rise (0.7% in real terms).
In terms of the legal nature of the enterprise entities, the activity of trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles concentrated 42.6% of the enterprises and other organizations, 27.5% of the salaried persons and 20.4% of the wages and other compensation. Services – except for education and health – concentrated 34.3% of the entities, 34.4% of the salaried persons and 36.1% of the wages and other compensation.
The number of local branches, salaried persons and compensation dropped in all the Major Regions. The Southeast accounted for 2.8 million (50.7%) of the Brazilian local branches, as well as 50.0% of those employed (25.7 million), 49,7% of those salaried (22.1 million) and R$858.9 billion (53.3%) of the compensation.
This information is included in the IBGE´s Central Register of Enterprises - CEMPRE, which gathers data from enterprises and other organizations – public administration and non-profit entities – formally settled in Brazil. CEMPRE´s support material is available on the right side of this page.
| Number of enterprises and other organizations. total number of employed persons. wages and other compensation and average monthly wage - Brazil - 2015/2016 | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | 2015 | 2016 | Relative change (%) |
| Number of enterprises and other organizations | 5,114,983 | 5,050,615 | -1.3 |
| Total number of employed persons | 53,541,695 | 51,411,199 | -4.0 |
| Salaried employed persons | 46,557,150 | 44,519,619 | -4.4 |
| Partners and owners | 6,984,545 | 6,891,580 | -1.3 |
| Wages and other compensation (Thousand Real) | 1,661,786,719 | 1,612,606,911 | -3.0 |
| Average monthly wage (R$) | 2,643.56 | 2,661.18 | 0.7 |
| Average monthly wage (Minimum salaries) | 3.1 | 3.0 | - |
| Source: IBGE. Diretoria de Pesquisas. Coordenação de Metodologia das Estatísticas de Empresas. Cadastros e Classificações. Cadastro Central de Empresas 2015-2016. | |||
Average monthly wage increases 0.7% in 2016 and accrues rise of 7.6% in six years
Between 2015 and 2016, the average monthly wage increased 0.7% in real terms, changing from
R$2,643.56 to R$2,661.18. Considering the 2010-2016 period, the average monthly wage accrues an increase of 7.6%. Having dropped 3.0% in 2016, the total wages and other compensation accrued a rise of 18.4% between 2010 and 2016.
The drop of 1.3% in the number of enterprises and other organizations in 2016 contributed to the negative result (-1.5%) of the cumulative rate between 2010 and 2016. On the other hand, the total number of employed persons, salaried employed persons, and partners and owners increased 3.4%, 3.5% and 2.4%, respectively, since 2010, in spite of the drops in 2016 (-4.0%, -4.4% and -1.3%, respectively).
| Relative and cumulative growth rate of enterprises and other organizations, total employed persons, wages and other compensation and average monthly wage - Brazil - 2010-2016 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | Growth rate | ||||||
| Relative | Cumulative 2010/2016 | ||||||
| 2010/2011 | 2011/2012 | 2012/2013 | 2013/2014 | 2014/2015 | 2015/2016 | ||
| Number of enterprises and other organizations | 0.0 | 1.3 | 3.8 | -5.4 | 0.2 | -1.3 | -1.5 |
| Total employed persons | 4.9 | 2.3 | 3.3 | 0.2 | -3.1 | -4.0 | 3.4 |
| Salaried employed persons | 5.1 | 2.3 | 3.6 | 0.8 | -3.6 | -4.4 | 3.5 |
| Partners and owners | 3.8 | 2.2 | 1.9 | -3.9 | -0.1 | -1.3 | 2.4 |
| Wages and other compensation | 8.0 | 7.1 | 6.1 | 4.5 | -4.8 | -3.0 | 18.4 |
| Average monthly wage | 2.4 | 2.1 | 3.7 | 1.8 | -3.2 | 0.7 | 7.6 |
| Source: IBGE. Diretoria de Pesquisas. Coordenação de Metodologia das Estatísticas de Empresas. Cadastros e Classificações. Cadastro Central de Empresas 2010-2016. | |||||||
Corporate entities pay lowest average wages
The analysis of the legal nature in 2016 pointed out that the proportion of corporate entities reached 90.1% and concentrated 75.1% of the total employed persons and 71.9% of the salaried employed persons. Those entities paid 62.1% of the wages and other compensation, though they were the lowest average monthly wages (R$2,327.57). The public administration bodies, on their turn, paid the highest average monthly wages (R$3,779.43), followed by non-profit entities (R$2,535.75).
The public administration bodies held 18.1% of the total number of employed persons, 20.9% of the salaried persons and 31.2% of the wages and other compensation. Conversely, non-profit entities held a participation of 9.5% in the total number of enterprises and other organizations, 6.8% of the employed persons, 7.2% of the salaried persons and 6.7% of the wages and other compensation.
Economic activities are more diversified among corporate entities
For the first time ever, CEMPRE introduces an analysis that relates the economic activity with each legal nature. Among the public administration bodies, the economic activity of public administration, defense and social security registered the biggest participation in all the variable under analysis, with 87.5% of the enterprises and other organizations, 80.7% of the salaried employed persons and 77.5% of the wages and other compensation. The sections of education and health were also important.
In the corporate entities, the activity of trade and repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles concentrated 42.6% of the enterprises and other organizations, 27.5% of the salaried persons and 20.4% of the wages and other compensation. Services – except for education and health – concentrated 34.3% of the entities, 34.4% of the salaried persons and 36.1% of the wages and other compensation. On the other hand, the industrial activities accounted for 9.5% of the entities, 24.7% of the salaried persons and 31.2% of the wages and other compensation.
Services, which include education and health, stood out in the non-profit entities. They accounted for 82.1% of the enterprises and other organizations, 43.7% of the salaried persons and 37.9% of the wages and other compensation. 14.7% of the enterprises and other organizations were in the segment of education, which absorbed 22.8% of the salaried employed persons and paid 28.0% of the wages and other compensation. Regardless of representing only 2.7% of the enterprises and other organizations, health absorbed 32.8% of the salaried persons and 33.2% of the wages and other compensation.
| Percentage distribution of the number of enterprises and other organizations, salaried employed persons on Dec 31 and wages and other compensation, according to the legal nature and economic segments - Brazil - 2016 | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Economic segments | Aggregated sections of CNAE 2.0 | Public administration | Corporate entities | ||||
| Number of enterprises and other organizations | Salaried employed persons | Wages and other compensation | Number of enterprises and other organizations | Salaried employed persons | Wages and other compensation | ||
| Agriculture, Livestock | A | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 2.2 | 1.3 | 1.1 |
| Industry | B. C. D. E | 2.6 | 0.5 | 0.4 | 9.5 | 24.7 | 31.2 |
| Construction | F | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.1 | 5.3 | 6.2 | 6.1 |
| Trade | G | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 42.6 | 27.5 | 20.4 |
| Services | H a N. R. S | 4.0 | 0.6 | 0.9 | 34.3 | 34.4 | 36.1 |
| Public Administration | O | 87.5 | 80.7 | 77.5 | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Education | P | 2.9 | 13.8 | 16.6 | 2.2 | 3.1 | 2.5 |
| Health | Q | 2.9 | 4.4 | 4.4 | 3.9 | 2.8 | 2.4 |
| International organizations | U | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Economic segments | Aggregated sections of CNAE 2.0 | Non-profit entities | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of enterprises and other organizations | Salaried employed persons | Wages and other compensation | ||
| Agriculture, Livestock | A | 0.2 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Industry | B. C. D. E | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Construction | F | 0.0 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Trade | G | 0.1 | 0.0 | 0.0 |
| Services | H a N. R. S | 82.1 | 43.7 | 37.9 |
| Public Administration | O | 0.0 | 0.3 | 0.4 |
| Education | P | 14.7 | 22.8 | 28.0 |
| Health | Q | 2.7 | 32.8 | 33.2 |
| International organizations | U | 0.1 | 0.1 | 0.2 |
| Source: IBGE. Diretoria de Pesquisas. Coordenação de Metodologia das Estatísticas de Empresas. Cadastros e Classificações. Cadastro Central de Empresas 2016. | ||||
Manufacturing and construction industries have biggest reduction of employed personnel
Between 2010 and 2016, 1.5 million new jobs were created for salaried persons in enterprises and other formal organizations. Between 2014 and 2016, about 3.7 million salaried persons were lost, being 1.7 million in 2015 and 2.0 million in 2016. The activities of manufacturing industry (27.7%), construction (25.9%), administrative activities (9.8%) and public administration, defense and social security (8.4%) exerted the biggest negative contributions.
Having registered 8.8 million persons (19.8%) in 2016, trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles was the activity that concentrates most of the salaried employed persons since 2010. That section also stood out with 38.4% of the enterprises and other organizations and 22.3% of the total number of employed persons. However, trade ranked in the third position in wages and other compensation (12.7%). The section of public administration, defense and social security recorded the biggest share in wages and other compensation (24.4%).
Activities with lowest average wages employ 33.9% of salaried persons
In 2016, the average monthly wage of the total number of economic activities was R$2,661.18. The lowest average wages were paid by housing and food (R$1,363.30), administrative activities and complementary services (R$1,652.44) and trade; repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (R$1,753.80). Altogether, the activities with the lowest average monthly wages absorbed 33.3% of the salaried employed persons.
The highest average monthly wages were paid by electricity and gas (R$7,263.19), followed by financial activities, insurance and related services (R$5,916.33) and international organizations and other extraterritorial institutions (R$5,033.15). In spite of paying higher average monthly wages, those activities, together, absorbed only 2.5% of the salaried employed persons.
Local branches, salaried persons and compensation fall in every region
Compared with 2015, the number of local branches, employed persons, total and salaried, and the total wages and other compensation were reduced in all the geographic regions. The reduction in the number of local branches was more significant in the Southeast (1.8%) and North (1.1%). In terms of salaried employed persons, the biggest reductions were reported in the North (6.0%)and Northeast (5.5%), followed by Southeast (4.6%), South (3.2%) and Central-West (2.1%). On the other hand, the most intense drops in wages and other compensation took place in the North (5.3%) and Southeast (4.1%).
In 2016, the Southeast concentrated 2.8 million (50.7%) of the Brazilian local branches and 50.0% of the employed persons (25.7 million), 49.7% of the salaried persons (22.1 million) and R$858.9 billion (53.3%) of the wages and other compensation. The South ranked in the second position in participation in the number of local branches (22.2%), employed persons (18.2%) and wages and other compensation (16.6%), yet ranked in the third position in terms of salaried persons (17.5%).
In the second position in salaried employed persons came the Northeast (18.5%), which ranked in the third position in number of local branches (15.5%), total employed persons (18.0%) and wages and other compensation (14.7%). The Central-West stood in the fourth position in all the variables and the North, in the fifth one.
Wage difference between men and women declines to 22.2%
At corporate level, 55.6% of the salaried employed persons were men and 44.4%, women in 2016. The number of men (-5.0%) declined more than that of women (-3.6%) in relation to 2015, causing the proportion of men to decrease 0.4 p.p., while the participation of women increased by this same proportion. The participation of women rose 2.3 p.p. in relation to 2010.
In terms of wage, men earned, on average, R$2,895.56 in 2016 and women, R$2,368.98, so that women earned, on average, the equivalent of 81.8% of the wages and other compensation of men. Therefore, men´s wages were 22.2% higher than women´s, a difference that had been 25.3% in 2012, 25.8% in 2013, 25.0% in 2014 and 23.6% in 2015.
Public administration and non-profit entities showed a highest female share in the salaried employed persons. Conversely, the male salaried employed persons prevailed in the corporate entities along all the period under analysis.
Salaried persons with higher education increases 1.6% and keeps upward trend
In terms of schooling, the salaried employed persons with higher education rose 1.6% between 2015 and 2016, whereas the personnel without higher education retreated 5.9%. As a result, the relative participation of salaried employed persons with higher education changed from 20.4% to 21.7%, whereas that of persons without higher education declined from 79.6% to 78.3%. The increase was of 5.1 p.p. in relation to 2010.
Persons with higher education increased in 14 out of the 20 sections, highlighted by manufacturing industries (14.0%), electricity and gas (11.4%), administrative activities and complementary services (10.9%), international organizations and extraterritorial institutions (7.2%) and real estate activities (6.4%).
The salaried persons with higher education (R$5,507.82) earned nearly the triple of those without higher education (R$1,866.89), the equivalent of 195.0% more.
The public administration and corporate entities recorded the highest proportion of salaried persons with higher education, 44.7% and 45.6%, respectively. On the other hand, persons without higher education prevailed in the corporate entities, with a participation of 79.3%, whereas they were 14.3% in the public administration and 6.5% in the non-profit entities.
