The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) of April was 0.22%, 0.13 percentage points above the March result (0.09%). The cumulative index in the year was 0.92%, the lowest figure for a month of April since the implementation of Real as the Brazilian currency. The cumulative index in 12 months stayed at 2.76%, after recording 2.68% in the previous 12 months. In April 2017, IPCA had reached 0.14%. The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) of April was 0.21%, with a cumulative index of 0.69% in the year, also the lowest result for as mentioned above. The complete publication and the support material of the IPCA can be accessed on the right of the page. 

Among the nine groups of products and services surveyed, deflation was observed in Communication, with a change of -0.07%. Transportation, with a 0.00% change, was, on the average, stable from March to April. The other groups recorded increase, ranging between 0.08% to 0.91%, as can be seen in the table below.

The group Health and personal care recorded the biggest change (0.91%) and contribution (0.11 p.p.) in the month, accounting for half of the April’s IPCA, the main highlights being medicines (1.52%) and health insurance (1.06%). Medicines reflect the annual price adjustment one into effect on March 31, which ranged between 2.09% and 2.84%, depending on the type of medicine.

The increase of 0.17% in Housing was due to the performance of electricity (0.99%) after the price adjustment in five of the 13 areas surveyed. In Rio de Janeiro, rises took place in two concessionaires and, in Porto Alegre, to only once that operates in that metropolitan area.

Also in the group Housing, bottled gas fell by 0.02%. Since April 5, there has been in effect a 4.45% reduction in refineries, as announced by Petrobras, in the price of the 13-kg gas bottle.

Food products recorded a hike of 0.09% in April, but food at home accelerated from March (-0.18%) to April (0.27%) and food away from home recorded a decrease of 0.22% against the 0.52% of March. An important item in this case was food away from home (from 0.62% in March to -0.55% in April).

In the case of food at home, onion (19.55%), green vegetables (6.46%), long-life milk (4.94%) and fruit (2.95%) recorded increases. Potato (-4.31%), granulated sugar (-2.80%), whole chicken (-2.08%) and meat (-0.31%) recorded decreases.

In the group Transportation (0.00%), increases in car repair (1.31%) and gasoline (0.26%) made up for the decreases in ethanol (-2.73%) and air fares (-2.67%), causing the group to record, on the average, stability in prices from March to April.

Also in Transportation, the item urban bus fares (0.12%), rose 6.17% in Porto Alegre (2.14%), on March 13. Intercity buses (0.29%) recorded the following changes: 6.30% in Fortaleza (6.20%), in effect since March 31; 4.86% in Campo Grande (2.78%), in effect since April 1st and 3.00% in Vitória (2.02%), since March 14. 

In the other groups of products and services the highlights were Wearing apparel (0.62%), female wear, which got, on the average, 1.66% more expensive. Household articles (0.22%) had as main highlight the item household appliances (0.42%).

The 0.07% fall in Communication was due to telephone appliances which got about 2.04% cheaper over the month. There was also a 1.54% change in the item mailing, as a result of the additional charge of R$3.00 to deliver goods in Rio de Janeiro (1.85%), in effect since 11/04.

In terms of area, there were decreases of 0.18% in Goiânia and a hike of 0.73% in Campo Grande, the main highlight being electricity, in both cases. In Goiânia, the change of -3.83% resulted from the reduction of the PIS/COFINS share. In Campo Grande (9.69%) there was adjusment of 10.65% in figures, in effect since April 08.

The IPCA has been calculated by the IBGE since 1980. It refers to families with monthly income of 01 to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source, and it encompasses ten Metropolitan Areas in the country, besides Brasília and the municipalities of Goiânia and Campo Grande. In order to estimate the index of the month, the prices collected from March 30 to April 27 of 2018 (reference) were compared with those in force from March 02 to March 29  of 2018 (base).

INPC of April was 0.21% 

The National COnsumer Price Index (INPC) was 0.21% in April and was 0.14 percentage points above the March rate. The cumulative index in the year was 0.69%, its lowest level for a month of April since the implementation of Real as the Brazilian currency. The cumulative figure in 12 months was 1.69%, and was above the 1.56% registered in the previous 12 months. In April 2017, INPC was 0.08%.

Food products odutos alimentícios rose 0.1% in A pril, whereas, in the previous month, there was decrease of 0.17%. The group of non-food products rose 0.25%, whereas, in March, it had recorded 0.17%.

In regional terms, Goiânia (0.27%) recorded a decrease and Campo Grande (0.72%), an increase. In both places, electricity was the highlight. In Goiânia, the change of -4.11% was due to the reduction fo the PIS/COFINS share. In Campo Grande (9.69%), there was price adjustment of 10.65% in rates, in effect since April 8. 

The INPC has been calculated by the IBGE since 1979. It refers to families with monthly income of one to five minimum wages, with a salaried head of the family, and it encompasses ten metropolitan areas in Brazil, besides the municipalities of Goiânia, Campo Grande and Brasília. In order to measure the index of the month the prices collected from March 30 to April 27 of 2018 (reference) were compared with the ones from March 02 to March 29 of 2018 (base).