The cumulative index in the year is at 2.25%, below the 6.11% rate in the same period of 2016. It is the lowest cumulative index for a month of October since 2006 (2.22%). Considering the last 12 months, the index was at 2.71%, above the 2.56% recorded over the 12 months prior to that period. In October of 2016, the IPCA-15 had been 0.19%.

The complete data of the IPCA-15 can be accessed here.

October's index was mainly influenced by fuels: there was a 5.36% high in domestic fuels, belonging to the group housing (0.66%) and of 1.29% in the fuels for vehicles, included in the group Transportation (0.60%).

Bottled gas, of the group housing, increased 5.72% and exerted the biggest individual impact on the index (0.07 p.p.). Between September and October, Petrobras announces three increases in the distributors of 13-kg bottled gas: 12.2% from September 06 on; 6.90% from September 26 on and 12.9% from October 11 on. As a result, the item ranged between the 2.10% recorded in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro up to the 7.89% in the metropolitan area of Belém.

Still in the group Housing, the high in the water and sewage rate (0.11%) reflects the increase of 4.33% in the metropolitan area of Fortaleza, from September, 23 on, as a complement of the 12.90% in force since June 2017. Electricity presented decrease of 0.15% and the changes ranged between -1.82% in the Metropolitan Area of Porto Alegre and 3.77% in Salvador.

The group Transportation (0.60%) decelerated in relation to September's index (1.25%). The move was influenced by gasoline (from 3.76% in September to 1.45% in October) and the airfares (from 21.30% in September to 7.35% in October)

In the other groups of products and services surveyed the highlights are household articles (-0.13%) leveraged by the household appliances (-0.57%) and the group communication, whose 0.48% high reflects the increase in the item cellphone (1.30%).

The group of  Food products went back 0.15%, a less sharp fall than in September (-0.94%). Curitiba (1.00%), Goiânia (0.28%), São Paulo (0.27%) and Fortaleza (0.18%) stood out with positive changes from one month to the other. The other areas stood between -1.05% in Recife and
-0.09% in Salvador.

The food for household consumption stood, on average, at 0.34% cheaper with a highlight to the decreases in: garlic (-9.88%), carioca beans (-5.95%), crystallized sugar (-3.63%) and long-life milk (-3.52%). Among the highs, meat (0.54%) and fruit (1.40%) are the highlights.

Conversely food away from home (0.18%) oscillated between -2.18% in Brasília and 2.67% in the Metropolitan Area of Curitiba.

Among the indexes by areas, the Metropolitan Area of Curitiba stood with the highest result (0.66%), because there food away from home increased 2.67%, above the national average of 0.18% and gasoline became 1.26% more expensive. The most intense drop occurred in the Metropolitan Area of Rio de Janeiro (-0,08%) where the highlights were the drops in urban buses (-3.23%) and food away from home (-1.31%).

Para o cálculo do IPCA-15, os preços foram coletados no período de 14 de setembro a 11 de outubro de 2017 (referência) e comparados com aqueles vigentes de 16 de agosto a 13 de setembro de 2017 (base). O indicador refere-se às famílias com rendimento de 1 a 40 salários mínimos e abrange as regiões metropolitanas do Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador e Curitiba, além de Brasília e Goiânia. A metodologia utilizada é a mesma do IPCA, a diferença está no período de coleta dos preços e na abrangência geográfica.