The total value of agricultural output was R$ 317.5 billion, 20.0% more than in 2015. The main factors accounting for this result were the significant increases in the value of output of soybeans (16.1%), corn (26.5%), sugarcane (18.3%) and coffea arabica (43.5%). The crops of soybean, corn and sugarcane accounted for 61.2% of the total.

Among the Federation Units, São Paulo remains in the first position regarding value of output, with 16.4% of the national figure, and an increase of 1.4% against the previous year. The participation of Mato Grosso was reduced from 13.9% to 13.8%, mainly due to decrease in the production of soybean and corn. Together, the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais accounted for 66.9% of the value of agricultural output at national level.

Among the municipalities, Sorriso (MT) took the leadership of the national ranking in terms of value of agricultural output, with R$ 3.2 billion, an increase of 28.3%, and surpassed São Desidério (BA), which faced a decrease of output value (33,5%).

In 2016, the value of fruit output hit R$ 33.3 billion, the biggest amount in the time series which started in 1974. Against 2015, the value of fruit output recorded an increase of 26.0%, which is the main hike since 2001. The six main products were responsible for 73.2% of the value of national output: orange (25.1%), banana (25.0%), pineapple (7.3%), grape (6.4%), apple (5.0%) and papaya (4.4%). The products with the highest average price per unit were: nuts (R$ 7.74/kg), cashew nuts (R$ 3.14/kg) and (R$ 2.92/kg).

All that and more can be found in the Municipal Agricultural Survey (PAM) 2016, which investigates, by Major Region, Federation Unit and municipality, the variables related to the output of 63 agricultural products, including 36 grains which are also analyzed monthly by the Systematic Survey of Agricultural Production (LSPA) and of 22 type of fruits. 

The survey now presents, for the frist time, the results of agricultural output for acai berry, which increased from 1.0 million metric tons to 1.1 million metric tons between 2015 and 2016, having recorded an increase of 8.3%. The main producing state was Pará, with 98.3% of the national output. The 20 biggest municipal producers are located in Pará, the main highlight being Igarapé-Mirim, with 305.6 thousand metric tons.

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Soybean, corn, sugarcane and coffee lead increase of output value

The total output value of agriculture was R$ 317.5 billion, 20.0% more than in 2015. The main factors accounting for that increase were figures relative to the production of soybeans (16.1%), corn (26.5%), sugarcane (18.3%) and coffea arabica (43.5%). These products present absolute changes of R$ 14.5 billion for soybeans, R$ 7.9 billion for corn, R$ 8.0 billion for sugarcane and R$ 5.6 billion for coffea Arabica. The crops of soybeans, corn and sugarcane concentrated 61.2% of the national value of output.

Sorriso (MT) surpasses São Desidério (BA) in the ranking of value of agricultural output

Among the Federation Units, São Paulo remains in the first position in the value of output, with 16.4% of the national total, and increase of 1.4% against the figure a year ago. The participation of Mato Grosso decreased from 13.9% to 13.8%, mainly due to the reduced output of soybean and corn. Together, the states of São Paulo, Mato Grosso, Paraná, Rio Grande do Sul and Minas Gerais accounted for 66.9% of the value of national agricultural output.

Among the municipalities, Sorriso (MT), the main national producer of soybean and corn, accounts for 20.8% of all the value of agricultural output in the state. It took the leading position in the ranking of national output of agriculture in Mato Grosso, with R$ 3.2 billion, increase of 28.3%, and surpassed São Desidério (BA), whose output value fell by 33.5%.

Three municipalities located in Goiás also stand out: Cristalina, Jataí and Rio Verde recorded increases of 11.9%, 24.9% and 19.0% respectively. The production of grains prevails in those municipalities, mainly soybeans and corn, but other crops such as tomato, potato, onion and upland cotton are also relevant.

Value of output of fruits hits R$ 33.3 billion, and surpasses 2015 figure by 26.0%

In 2016, the value of output of fruits hit R$ 33.3 billion, its highest result in the time series which started in 1974. Against 2015, the value of output of fruits recorded an increase of 26.0%, the main decrease since 2001, when the annual change had been 48.6%. The six main products concentrated 73.2% of the value of national output: orange (25.1%), banana (25.0%), pineapple (7.3%), grape (6.4%), apple (5.0%) and papaya (4.4%). The ones recording the highest average price per unit were: nuts (R$ 7.74/kg), cashew nuts (R$ 3.14/kg) and fig (R$ 2.92/kg). The lowest prices per unit were those of: orange (R$ 0.49/kg), coconut (R$ 0.64/fruit), watermelon (R$ 0.65/kg), mango (R$ 0.79/kg) and melon (R$ 1.00/kg).

Among the Federation Units, São Paulo accounted for 30.9% of the national output of fruits, R$ 10.3 billion, being the main highlights the crops of orange (59.2%), banana (13.8%) and lime (8.4%). Bahia had 12.2% of the value of production of fruits, evaluated at R$ 4.1 billion, being banana (34.8%), papaya (16.2%) and passion fruit (9.3%) the main ones in the state. Minas Gerais (9.0%) and Rio Grande do Sul (7.4%) were in the third and fourth places regarding participation, respectively. In Minas Gerais, the main contributions are those of banana (41.0%), orange (16.8%) and pineapple (12.0%). In Rio Grande do Sul, the crops from this group were apple (28.8%), grape (26.3%), and orange (9.3%).

Among the municipalities, Petrolina (PE) accounted for the biggest contribution to the value of national output. The production of grape, mango, guava and banana were a highlight in the municipality, which represented 1.9% of the national total. Petrolina is located in the São Francisco Valley, one of the main relevant regions to fruit farming in Brazil.

Annual output of cotton falls 13.6% and records second consecutive decrease

For the second consecutive year, the output of cotton in the country recorded decrease. A total 3.5 million metric tons were produced, 13.6% less than in 2015, with a harvested area of 996.2 thousand hectares.

Among the states, Mato Grosso and Bahia still lead production. Together, they make up 89.5%. Mato Grosso was responsible for the production of 2.2 million metric tons of cotton, 64.1% of the national output. The reduction of output hit 3.6% against the figure in the previous year. The value of output rose 19.1%, resulting in R$5.0 billion. Bahia had na output of 878.6 thousand metric tons, 25.4% of the national total. The state of Bahia was affected by drought, and its output fell by 26.6%. A total 15.8% of the area was not planted and the average yield in the state fell by 11.3%.

Among the main national producers, 13 are from Mato Grosso. A highlight is Sapezal, which produced 520.4 thousand metric tons, that is, 15.0% of the national output and 23.4% of the state output. That means an increase of 18.1% in relation to the 2015 harvest. The second main producer is São Desidério (BA), where 346.8 thousand metric tons have been produced, 27.3% less than in 2015. The municipality of accounted for 10.0% of the Brazilian output of cotton and for 39.5% of the state production.

Rice records decrease of 13.7% in output and of 5.0% in average yield

In 2016, the Brazilian output of rice was 10.6 million metric tons, with an average yield of 5,464 kg/ha, figures 13.7% and 5.0% smaller than in 2015. the harvested and planted arras also recorded decreases, respectively 9.1% and 7.3%. Rio Grande do Sul and Santa Catarina held 80.4% of the national total. The value of national output was R$ 8.7 billion, a positive 0.7% in comparison with the previous year. Among the 20 main producing municipalities in Brazil, 18 are located in Rio Grande do Sul, being Uruguaiana the first one, with 678.3 thousand metric tons.

Coffee recovers increase after three years of falling results 

After three consecutive years of decrease, coffee bean recovered and hit an output of 3.0 million metric tons, with a hike of 14.0% in relation to year 2015.  Coffea arabica had a contribution of 2.5 million metric  tons, which means 84.4% of the overall production, and coffea canephora, 470.7 thousand metric tons (15.6%). The value of output was R$ 21.4 billion, with an increase of 34.6% against the figure in the previous year.

Among the Federation Units, Minas Gerais is the number one in the ranking of output, with 1.8 million metric tons, 36.3% more than in 2015. Patrocínio, the main national producer, was responsible for a contribution of 91.7 thousand metric tons, 123.1% more than in 2015. The value of output of this municipality was R$ 687.5 million, that is, 3.0% of the value of national output.

Sugarcane records increase of 2.5% against 2015 

The national output of sugarcane was 768.7 million metric tons, meaning a positive change of 2.5%. Besides the increase of harvested area by 1.1%, climate conditions in some of the main producing areas also contributed to the rise of average yield by 1.3%, resulting in a total 75,168 kg/ha. The value of output was R$ 51.6 billion, 18.3% above the figure in 2015. The deficit of worild stocks of sugar led to the increase of demand too, and, as a consequence, to the rise of sugarcane prices.

Among the states, São Paulo, the main producerwas responsible for a total 442.3 million metric tons, with average productivity of 79,141 kg/ha, figures 4.5% and 3.3% bigger than in 2015. The municipality of Morro Agudo accounted for the biggest output in the state, with 7.9 million metric tons.

Bean crops decrease 15.4% due to climate conditions

The changes brought by El Niño, which caused changes in the occurrence of rain, the output of beans was 2.6 million metric tons in 2016, considering the three annual crops. That figure means a decrease of 15.4% in comparison with the 2015 figure. The national average yield was 1,012 kg/ha, a decrease of 6.2% versus the 1,079 kg/ha obtained in 2015. The value of output recorded a hike of 61.5%, amounting to R$ 9.7 billion due to the reduced demand.

Together, Paraná, Minas Gerais, Goiás, São Paulo, Mato Grosso and Bahia held 81.3% of the national output, mainly in Paraná, which produced 590.3 thousand metric tons. Among the main producing municipalities, the main one was Itapeva (SP), with 86.0 thousand metric tons and increase of 192.5% ion comparison with the 2015 figure.

Output of orange increases 1.8% and reaches 17.3 million metric tons

Climate conditions benefited yield per hectare of orange crops, with an increase of 4.9% from 2015 to 2016, reaching 26,180 kg/ha and leading to a national output of 17.3 million metric tons, 1.8% more than in the previous year. The value of output increased 47.2%, a total R$ 8.4 million. São Paulo, the main producing state, was responsible for a contribution of 12.9 million metric tons (74.5% of the total), and an increase of 4.6% against the 2015 figure. The total area for harvesting faced a decrease of 2.4%, but the increase of 7.2% in yield per hectare kept productivity high. Considering the 20 biggest producing municipalities, 17 are located in the state of São Paulo, with Casa Branca, with 694 thousand metric tons, as the main highlight.

With an output of 1.2 million metric tons, Bahia was in the second position regarding the main producing states. It surpassed Minas Gerais, which had been in the second place in 2015. The municipal highlight in Bahia was Rio Real, with 345 thousand metric tons and an increase of 6.8% against the figure in 2015.

Corn records decrease of 24.8% against output of 2015

Climate conditions account for most of the 24.8% decrease in the national output, and by 22.5% of the average yield by hectare of corn in 2016 against figures in 2015. A total 64.1 million metric tons were produced, with an income of 4,288 kg/ha. The value of output was R$ 37.7 billion, an increase of 26.5% in comparison with 2015, due to the increase of domestic demand.

The 1st crop, harvested in the first semester of the civil year, accounted for 38.1% of the total amount produced, with 24 462 981 metric tons of corn, and a decrease of 15.6%. The 2^nd crop, harvested after the summer harvest or in the second semester of the civil year, was responsible for 61.9% of the annual output, with 39 680 433 metric tons, 29.5% less than in 2015.

The planted area was expanded by 1.2%, whereas the harvested area was reduced by 2.9%. That is seen mainly as a result of crop failure in the Central West Region. The trend to increase in the area planted with the first crop, against the 1^st one, remained throughout 2016, mainly in areas which allow more than one type of planting per year, with soybeans as the main summer crop.

Despite the decrease of 28.2% in comparison with the previous figure, Mato Grosso is still the main producing state, with 15.3 million metric tons, 23.9% of the national output. The occurrence of irregular rainfall, in Q4 2015 caused delay in the planting of soybeans, which led to the late sowing of corn - 2nd crop, and exposed the crop to dry weather from April to August 2016. Among the 20 biggest producing municipalities, 11 are located in Mato Grosso, the main one being  Sorriso, with 1.8 million metric tons,  in spite of the decrease of 30.0% in the production of the municipality.

Production of soybean grain falls by 1.2% in comparison with the 2015 figure

In 2016, the national output of soybean grain amounted to 96.3 million metric tons, 1.2% less than in the previous year, mainly due to climate-related problems. The average productivity fell from 3,029 kg/ha in 2015 to 2,905 kg/ha in 2016. In spite of those losses, output value hit R$ 104.9 billion, 16.1% above the figure recorded in the previous crop.

The main producing states are Mato Grosso, Paraná and Rio Grande do Sul, accounting, together, for 61.8% of the national total. Rio was the only one to record an increase in output, of 3.2%. Changing climate conditions affected output in other two states, which recorded decreases of 5.7% and 1.2%, respectively.

Mato Grosso harvested 26.3 million metric tons from 9.1 million hectares, with an average yield of  2,887 kg/ha, below the 1,106 kg/ha of 2015. Thirteen of the 20 main producing municipalities are located in Mato Grosso, the main ones being Sorriso, Nova Ubiratã, Sapezal, Nova Mutum and Campo Novo dos Parecis.