IPCA-15 records 0.11% in September and IPCA-E changes 0.28%
September 21, 2017 09h00 AM | Last Updated: September 21, 2017 11h44 AM
The Extended National Consumer Price Index-15 (IPCA-15) was 0.11% in September and stood 0.24 percentage points (p.p.) below the rate of August (0.35%). This was the lowest figure for September since 2006, when it stood at 0.05%.
The IPCA-15 accumulated in the year was 1.90%, below the 5.90% rate in the same period in 2016. For the last 12 months, the index was of 2.56%, below the 2.68% recorded in the previous 12 months. These two cumulative results (in the year and in 12 months) are the lowest for the month of September since 1998, when the results were 1.63% and 2.45%, respectively.
In September of 2016, the IPCA-15 was at 0.23%.
The Special Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA-E), which is the IPCA-15 accumulated in the quarter, changed 0.28%, below the 1.22% recorded in the same period in 2016.
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|
Period |
Rate |
|---|---|
|
September |
0.11% |
|
August |
0.35% |
|
September 2016 |
0.23% |
|
Cumulative in the year |
1.90% |
|
Cumulative in 12 months |
2.56% |
In the group Transportation, which corresponds to 18% of the household expenditures, there was the most significant change of the month: 1.25% and 0.22 p.p. of impact in the index. The high was influenced by fuels (3.43%), particularly gasoline (3.76%) and ethanol (2.57%). Airfares, in turn, rose 21.30%.
Accounting for nearly 25% of household expenses, the group Food and Beverages was the one that mostly decreased (-0.94% or -0.23 p.p.). Food for home consumption recorded -1.54%, with a highlight to tomatoes (-20.94%), carioca beans (-11.67%), garlic (-7.96%), crystallized sugar (-4.71%) and long-life milk (-3.83%). Every region surveyed had drops in August: from -1.90% in Goiânia to -0.99% in Belém. On the other hand, Food away from home presented a change of 0.14%, with the highest rise in Salvador (0.90%) and the highest drop in Curitiba (-1.50%).
In the group Housing (0.26%), water supply and sewer grew 2.01%. That happened because the increases were approved in Salvador (9.40%) and in Belém (17.17%), besides the average increases of 8.69% in effect since July 30 in Belo Horizonte (5.20%), and of 3.60%, since August 1 in Rio de Janeiro (1.93%). The change in Salvador (9.40%) refers to the non-incorporated share in July's IPCA-15, so as to reflect the totality of the changes of the increases occurred in the area. In Belém, the change of 17.17% mirrors the average increase of 17.50%, in effect since June 2017, which had not been incorporated yet in the price indexes.
| Group | Monthly Change (%) | Impact (p.p.) | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July | August | September | September | Quarter | 12 months | |
| Índice Geral | -0.18 | 0.35 | 0.11 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 2.56 |
| Food and Beverages | -0.55 | -0.65 | -0.94 | -0.23 | -2.13 | -2.21 |
| Housing | 0.24 | 1.01 | 0.26 | 0.04 | 1.52 | 4.33 |
| Household Articles | -0.55 | 0.21 | 0.04 | 0.00 | -0.30 | -1.49 |
| Wearing Apparel | 0.04 | -0.29 | 0.31 | 0.02 | 0.06 | 2.32 |
| Transportation | -0.64 | 1.35 | 1.25 | 0.22 | 1.96 | 4.20 |
| Health and Personal Care | 0.14 | 0.73 | 0.10 | 0.01 | 0.97 | 6.74 |
| Personal Expenses | 0.31 | 0.34 | 0.45 | 0.05 | 1.10 | 4.36 |
| Education | 0.08 | 0.19 | 0.09 | 0.01 | 0.36 | 7.06 |
| Communication | 0.00 | -0.32 | -0.18 | -0.01 | -0.50 | 1.52 |
As for the regional indexes, Brasília recorded the biggest high (0.69%), mostly because of the increase of gasoline (9.93%), which was above the national average (3.76%) and airfares (15.49%). The biggest drop of prices was in Goiânia (-0.29%), with a highlight to electricity (-2.96%) and food at home (-1,90%), especially tomatoes (-31.22%) and carioca beans (-18.50%).
| Area | Weight by Area (%) | Monthly Change (%) | Cumulative Change (%) | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| July | August | September | Quarter | 12 Months | ||
| Brasília | 3.46 | -0.13 | 0.25 | 0.69 | 0.81 | 3.91 |
| Rio de Janeiro | 12.46 | -0.13 | -0.16 | 0.30 | 0.01 | 2.58 |
| Porto Alegre | 8.40 | -0.24 | 0.05 | 0.22 | 0.03 | 1.89 |
| Belo Horizonte | 11.23 | -0.05 | 0.40 | 0.15 | 0.50 | 2.13 |
| Curitiba | 7.79 | 0.01 | 0.57 | 0.12 | 0.70 | 2.30 |
| São Paulo | 31.68 | -0.29 | 0.55 | 0.11 | 0.37 | 2.94 |
| Belém | 4.65 | -0.22 | 0.09 | 0.08 | -0.05 | 1.62 |
| Recife | 5.05 | -0.08 | 0.49 | -0.09 | 0.32 | 4.14 |
| Salvador | 7.35 | -0.25 | 0.59 | -0.19 | 0.15 | 2.41 |
| Fortaleza | 3.49 | -0.18 | -0.02 | -0.24 | -0.44 | 2.55 |
| Goiânia | 4.44 | -0.06 | 0.42 | -0.29 | 0.07 | 0.80 |
| Brazil | 100.00 | -0.18 | 0.35 | 0.11 | 0.28 | 2.56 |
In order to estimate IPCA-15, the prices collected from August 16 to September 13, 2017 (reference) were compared with the ones in force from July 14 to August 15, 2017 (base). The indicator refers to families with monthly income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and it encompasses the Metropolitan Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador, Curitiba, and also Brasília and Goiânia. The methodology is the same as the one used for IPCA; the difference lies in the period of price collection and in the geographic coverage.
