Between 2008 and 2009, the Northeast and Central-West regions raised their share in the Brazilian GDP (0.4 percentage points each), while the Southeast region remained falling (-0.7 percentage points) and the North and South regions showed a slight decrease (-0.1 percentage points each).

Even with this shift, the Brazilian economy still shows a high concentration:

8 states contributed to 78.1% of the national GDP in 2009, São Paulo remaining the major contributor (33.5%, corresponding to more than R$ 1 trillion). Even losing only 0.1 percentage points, Santa Catarina fell from the sixth to the eighth position in the rank, having been surpassed by Bahia and the Federal District.

Between 2008 and 2009, Rondônia was the state with the highest growth in volume (7.3%) of the GDP, while remaining with a relatively low share (0.6%) in the national GDP.

Espírito Santo recorded the largest fall in this period (-6.7%).

The smallest per capita GDP in 2009 was Piauí (R$ 6,051.10), significantly below the national average (R$ 16,917.66), while the largest was the Federal District (R$ 50,438.46). More information is available in the Regional Accounts of Brazil 2005-2009, which can be accessed on page https://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/economia/contasregionais/2009/default.shtm.

Central-West, Northeast and North regions increase contribution to 28.1% in the national 2009 GDP

 The regions Central-West (0.8%), Northeast (0.5%) and North (0.3%) increased the contribution to the GDP between 2002 and 2009.

The 3 regions summed 26.4% of the GDP in 2002, having increased to 28.1% in 2009:

The regions Northeast and Central-West recorded the highest increases in the relative positions between 2008 and 2009, 0.4 percentage points each, reaching a contribution of 13.5% and 9.6% to the GDP, respectively.

The largest states of the Northeast, Pernambuco and Bahia, led the increase of the region by 0.4 percentage points between 2008 and 2009. The growth was by 0.5 percentage points comparing with 2002.

This shift has been followed by most of the states in the region, highlighted by Maranhão, which increased its contribution by 0.2 percentage points in the period.

The best results in the Central-West region between 2008 and 2009 were Goiás and the Federal District, which increased 0.2 percentage points each.

The sectors that made the largest contribution to Goiás were industry and agriculture. In the Federal District, the major contributor was public administration, health and education, and social security. The region increased its contribution by about 0.8 percentage points since 2002. All the states increased their contribution in this period: Mato Grosso (0.4 percentage points); Federal District (0.3 p.p.); Mato Grosso do Sul (0.1 p.p.) and Goiás (0.1 p.p.).

The Southeast region lost 0.7 percentage points in contribution comparing with 2008. São Paulo was the only state that increased the contribution in the GDP comparing with 2008 (0.4 p.p.); Minas Gerais (-0.5 p.p.), Espírito Santo (-0.1 p.p.)

and Rio de Janeiro (-0.4 p.p.) decreased their contribution. Part of the growth of São Paulo state was explained by the diversification of its economy, which increased relative contribution due to the decrease of the contribution of the more specialized states in the region. Rio de Janeiro, Minas Gerais and Espírito Santo are major producers of commodities, whose prices fell in 2009 due to the international crisis (oil and natural gas influenced Rio de Janeiro and Espírito Santo, whereas iron ore influenced Espírito Santo and Minas Gerais).

In the South region, Paraná maintained its relative contribution, Rio Grande do Sul increased by 0.1% and Santa Catarina decreased the contribution by 0.1% between 2008 and 2009, due to the natural disasters at the end of 2008 in addition to the world crisis.

The North region slightly decreased the contribution by 0.1% between 2008 and 2009, influenced by Pará, the largest state in the region, which decreased the contribution by 0.1 p.p., largely due to the specialization in mining iron ore. The remaining states in the region, including Amazonas, remained practically stable in their relative positions as a result of the high dependency on the manufacturing industry. The low dependency on the external consumption as well as the influence of the public sector , which was not affected by the world crisis, also contributed to that .

Eight states contributed to 78.1% in the GDP

Even with the good performance outside the South-Southeast axis, the Brazilian economy still shows a high concentration: Eight states contributed to 78.1% of the Brazilian GDP in 2009: São Paulo (with a contribution of 33.5% of the GDP), Rio de Janeiro (10.9%), Minas Gerais (8.9%), Rio Grande do Sul (6.7%), Paraná (5.9%), Bahia (4.2%), the Federal District (4.1%) and Santa Catarina (4.0%). This group decreased the contribution by 0.1 percentage points comparing with 2008 and by 1.6 percentage points since 2002. The advance of the agriculture frontier, regional incentives, greater mobility of industrial plants as well as the emergence of new consumers were some of the factors that influenced the contribution of the remaining states along the 7 years of the 2002-2009 series.

Among the 8 best states, the largest gains of contribution in the 2002-2009 series came from the Federal District (0.3 percentage points), Santa Catarina (0.2 p.p.), Minas Gerais (0.2 p.p.) and Bahia (0.1 p.p.). The states that lost contribution were São Paulo (-1.2 p.p.), Rio de Janeiro (-0.7 p.p.), Rio Grande do Sul (-0.5 p.p.) and Paraná (-0.1).

The highlights in the group of 19 states that contributed to the remaining 21.9% of the Brazilian GDP in 2009 were Mato Grosso (increase by 0.4 percentage points since 2002), Espírito Santo (0.3 p.p.) and Maranhão (0.2 p.p.). Still within this group, 10 states performed in 2009 the best contribution in the series, showing that they were not directly affected by the world crisis: Goiás (2.6%), Pernambuco (2.4%), Ceará (2.0%), Paraíba (0.9%), Rondônia (0.6%), Piauí (0.6%), Tocantins (0.4%), Amapá (0.2%), Acre (0.2%) and Roraima (0.2%).

Rondônia rose 7.3% in 2009, the best performance among states

Nine states, summing 65.7% of the Brazilian GDP in 2009, showed an average change of -1.5% in volume, below the national change of -0.3%.

The 18 remaining states, summing 34.3% of the national GDP, performed above the national figure, showing an average growth of 2.0%.

The regions Central-West and Northeast had the best performances in real terms, 2.5% and 1.0%, respectively.

All the states in the Central-West region grew in volume. Only 2 states in the Northeast recorded a drop, Maranhão (-1.7%) and Bahia (-0.6%), influenced by the low performance of the agriculture and industry, respectively.

The regions Southeast and South decreased more than the national average: -1.0% and -0.6%, respectively. The results were influenced by the manufacturing industry as well as the low performance of the agriculture in most states in the two regions. Rio de Janeiro was the highlight in the Southeast, rising 2.0% influenced by the mining and quarrying industry and by public administration, health and education, and social security, despite the fall of the international price of oil, which eventually influenced the contribution of the state in the national GDP.

The performance of the North region was on par with the national average, -0.3%, influenced by the two major states in the region, Amazonas (manufacturing industry) and Pará (mining and processing of iron ore), since the other states grew above the average.

Rondônia was the major highlight in 2009, showing a change of 7.3% in volume, though with a relatively low contribution in the national GDP, 0.6%.

Piauí followed the same trend, changing 6.2% in volume.

The states with the worst performance in 2009 were those in which the activities related to iron ore (mining and quarrying industry) are significant to the economy.

Espírito Santo (-6.7%), Minas Gerais (-4.0%) and Pará (-3.2%) led the rank of the largest drops in volume.

Tocantins led the accumulated growth:

52.6% in 7 years

In the accumulated figure between 2002 and 2009, the Brazilian economy grew 27.5% in real terms and, on average, 3.5% per year. Individually speaking, Tocantins was the best result (52.6%, annual average of (6.2%), followed by Mato Grosso (accumulated of 50.4%), Amapá (47.4%), Piauí (46.4%) and Acre (45.7%). The smallest growth came from Rio Grande do Sul (16.5%) and Rio de Janeiro (20.2%). Alagoas (25.7%), Rio Grande do Norte (24.6%), Minas Gerais (23.7%), Santa Catarina (23.5%) and Paraná (22.9%) also performed below the average. São Paulo, the largest economy in the country with a contribution of 33.5% in 2009, grew slightly above the national average, 28.4% in terms of volume, resulting in an average annual growth of 3.6% along these 7 years.

Federal District, the largest per capita GDP in 2009: R$ 50,438.46

Eight states showed the per capita GDP above the national average in 2009 (R$ 16,917.66): the Federal District, São Paulo, Rio de Janeiro, Santa Catarina, Rio Grande do Sul, Espírito Santo, Mato Grosso and Paraná.

The largest per capita GDP showed by the Federal District, R$ 50,438.46, almost tripled the national average and doubled that of São Paulo, R$ 26,202.22, the second largest.

Piauí was the smallest per capita GDP, R$ 6,051.10, equivalent to 36% of the national per capita GDP in 2009. Maranhão was the second smallest per capita GDP(R$ 6,259.43):

Most of the states with the smallest per capita GDP improved the relative distance to the national average since 2002. The highlights in this period were Mato Grosso do Sul, Rondônia, Tocantins, Acre, Maranhão and Piauí: