The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) remained on an upward trend and changed by 0.53% in September, being above the 0.37% of August by 0.16 percentage points. The index accumulated in the year was 4.97%, significantly higher than the 3.60% rate relative to the same period of 2010. Considering the last twelve months, the index was 7.31%, the highest since May 2005 (8.05%), and, for this reason, above the 7.23% relative to the immediately previous twelve months. In September 2010, the rate was 0.45%.

The complete publication to this survey can be seen at

https://www.ibge.gov.br/home/estatistica/indicadores/precos/inpc_ipca/defaultinpc.shtm . 

The prices of food products rose 0.64%, accounting for 0.15 percentage points and representing 28% of the monthly index. Several products became more expensive, mainly “carioca” beans (6.14%), refined sugar (3.82%) and crystallized sugar (3.42%), chicken (2.94%) and milk (2.47%). Despite the price rise, the group  food products and beverages recorded deceleration from August (0.72%) to September (0.64%), as a result of the lower rise of certain items, especially meat (from 1.84% in August to 0.99%), fruits (from 3.07% to 1.45%) and French bread (from 0.63% to 0.57%), besides significant decreases in the prices of garlic (from -8.96% to -16.84%), onions (from -7.40% to -7.69%) and tomatoes (from -0.58% to -6.79%).

Airfares accounted for the main impact in the month, with 0.09 percentage points. For trips in September, flights recorded average rise of 23.40% over those in effect in August, a month which recorded a 5.95% fall of prices. As a result, whereas expenditure on transportation decreased in August, with change of only -0.11%, in September it was 0.78% bigger.

The result of the group was also affected by fuels (from -0.09% in August to 0.69% in September). The liter of ethanol changed from 0.30% in August to 3.00% in September, and the liter of gasoline, got 0.50% more expensive, whereas it had faced decrease of 0.14% in August. It is also worth mentioning the item car repair,

(from 1.10% to 1.23%), on an upward trend, besides voluntary insurance (from -0.88% to 0.86%) and cars, both new (from -0.37% to 0.18%) and used ones (from -0.60% to 0.51%), with rise of prices after the previous decline. The group food products and beverages (0.64%), with impact of 0.15 percentage points, together with transportation (0.78%), also with 0.15 percentage points, accounted for 0.30 percentage points of the IPCA (0.53%), representing more than half of it.

Besides, other items contributed to the September index. Whereas residential rents rose 0.92%, gás for cooking rose 1.36% and water and sewage rates got 1.19% more expensive, resulting in hike of 0.71% in the expenditure with housing, more than in August (0.32%). The salaries of domestic workers rose by 1.00%, as well as apparel, which became 0.80% more expensive. As a result, non-food products recorded change of 0.50%, above the 0.26% of August. See below the results by groups of products and services.  

Among the indexes by area, the highest figure was that of the metropolitan area of Curitiba (0.86%) mainly resulting from the rise of food product prices (1.02%), airfares (26.24%) and fuels (4.16%). The lowest index was that of Belém (0.15%) considering the result of the group food products and beverages (0.16%), the lowest among those of areas surveyed: 

IPCA has been calculated by IBGE since 1980. It refers to families with monthly income of one to 40 minimum wages, whatever the source, and it encompasses nine metropolitan areas in the country, besides the municipalities of Goiânia and Brasília. In order to measure the index of the month, the prices collected from August 27 to September 28 (reference) were compared with the ones collected from July 29 to August 26 (base).

INPC changed by 0.45% in September

The National Consumer Price Index – INPC recorded change of 0.45% in September, being slightly above the result of August (0.42%). As a result, the index accumulated in the year was 4.61%, above the rate of 3.80% relative to the same period of 2010. Considering the last twelve months, the index was 7.30%, below that of the immediately previous twelve months (7.40%). In September 2010, INPC was 0.54%.

Food products recorded change of 0.61% in September, versus 0.38% of non-food products. In August, the results were 0.70% and 0.30%, respectively.

Among the indexes by area, the biggest result was that of the metropolitan area of Curitiba (0.68%) because of the significant rise of food products (1.16%) and fuels (4.30%). Belém (0.01%), where the prices foofd products fell by 0.02%, recorded the lowest index:

INPC has been calculated by IBGE since 1979. It refers to families with monthly income of one to six minimum wages, with a salaried head of the household, and it encompasses nine metropolitan areas in the country, besides the municipalities of Goiânia and Brasília. In order to measure the index of the month, the prices collected from August 27 to September 28, 2011 (reference) were compared with the ones collected from July 29 to August 26, 2011 (base).