It was the lowest rate of all the new series of the PME, which began in March 2002.  The employed population in the six surveyed metropolitan areas did not have significant statistical change compared to October, but increased 3.5% in relation to November 2006.  The unemployed population fell by 5% compared to October and 12.0% in relation to November 2006.  For the first time in all the series of the survey, in a month of November, the number of unemployed persons was below 2 million. The average real income usually earned by the employed population (R$ 1,143.60) increased in the monthly (1.3%) as well as in the annual (2.4%) comparison.  This indicator also increased in all the classes of workers, except the ones without a formal contract, which remained almost stable in relation to October.  The real household income per capita (R$ 733.90) increased 2.8% in the month and 4.5% in the year.  The overall real income usually earned of the employed population
(R$ 24.6 billion) increased 1.9% in the month and 5.4% in the year.

UNEMPLOYMENT

In November 2007 the rate of unemployment was estimated in 8.2% for the six areas included in the survey, showing decrease of 0.5 percentage points in the comparison with the month of October, reaching the lowest value of the time series of the survey, which began in March 2002.  In the comparison with November 2006, the rate registered decrease of 1.3 percentage points. 

In the analysis by areas, in the monthly comparison, there was stability in this indicator in all the metropolitan areas. In relation to November 2006, there was decrease in the metropolitan areas of Recife (1.4 percentage points), Belo Horizonte (1.8 percentage points), Rio de Janeiro (0.8 percentage points), São Paulo (1.5 percentage points) and Porto Alegre (1.9 percentage points). In the metropolitan area of Salvador the scenario was of stability.

In relation to October, there was decrease of 5.0% in the number of unemployed persons in the total of the six surveyed areas.  In relation to November 2006, the decrease was 12.0%.  It was the first time, in a month of November that the unemployed population remained below the number of 2 million in the time series of the survey. Considering all the 68 months of the series of the PME, the unemployed population only remained below this number two times: December 2005 and December 2006.

In the analysis by areas, there was no change in relation to October but, in the annual comparison, there were decreases in Porto Alegre (-21.3%), Belo Horizonte, (-18.7%), Recife (-15.2%) and São Paulo (-12.2%).
Among the unemployed persons, 57.8% were women.  By age groups, 8.1% had until 17 years old, 36.8% had between 18 and 24 years old, 49.1% from 25 to 49 years old and 6.1%, 50 years old or more.  Besides this, 20.0% were searching for their first job and 24.7% were the main responsible for their family.

EMPLOYED PERSONS (PO)

In November, the number of employed persons (21.4 million) in the total of the six metropolitan areas did not have change in relation to the previous month, but increased 3.5% in relation to November 2006, which means that 717 thousand jobs were created.

In the analysis by areas, in relation to October 2007, only Salvador had a significant change in this total (2.4%).  In the annual comparison, there were hikes in the metropolitan areas of Salvador (4.5%), Belo Horizonte (5.2%), Rio de Janeiro (2.5%), São Paulo (4.0%) and Porto Alegre (5.2%).

Men represented 55.5% of the employed population, while women, 44.5%.  The population from 25 to 49 years old represented 63.5% of the total employed persons.  The survey also showed that the percentage of employed persons in November 2007 with 11 years or more of study was 54.3%.

According to the Monthly Employment Survey, 49.5% of the employed population had in November 2007, 40 to 44 weekly hours of work and approximately 32.6% above 45 weekly hours.  On the average, according to the data of the survey, 67.7% of the workers in the six surveyed areas, had that work for at least 2 years; 11.5% between 1 year and less than 2 years; 19.1% between one month and less than one year and only 1.8% were in that job for at least one month.

Classes of workers in the labor market

Employees WITH a formal contract in the private sector (excluding household workers, military, statutory public servants and others) (43.4% of the employed population). In relation to October 2007, there was hike of 1.5% and, compared to November 2006, hike of 8.2%, or more 709 thousand persons with a formal contract.

In the analysis by areas, in the monthly comparison, there were hikes in Porto Alegre (3.9%) and Belo Horizonte, (3.1%).  In relation to November 2006, there were hikes in all the areas: Recife (8.8%), Salvador (5.8%), Belo Horizonte (8.2%), Rio de Janeiro (8.9%), São Paulo (8.3%) and Porto Alegre (7.9%). 

Employees WITHOUT a formal contract in the private sector (excluding household  workers, military, statutory public servants and others) (13.7% of the employed population). Stability in the comparison with the previous month and, in relation to November 2006, decrease (- 4.3%) in the total of the six areas was registered.

In the analysis by areas, stability in all the metropolitan areas was observed, in relation to the previous month.  In the comparison with November 2006, decreases in Recife (17.7%) and Rio de Janeiro (10.2%) were registered.

Military or statutory public servants (7.2% of employed population). Stability in both periods of comparison, for the total of the six areas was observed.  

In the analysis by areas, there was no change in relation to the previous month in none of the areas.  In the annual comparison, hike only in Belo Horizonte (13.0%). 

Own account workers (19.3% of the employed population). In both periods of comparison, there was no change, for the total of the six areas.  
In the analysis by areas, there were hikes in relation to the previous month in Recife (11.4%) and Belo Horizonte (5.5%).  In the annual comparison there was hike only in São Paulo (6.9%).     

AVERAGE REAL INCOME¹

The average real income usually earned by the workers of the six metropolitan areas (R$ 1,143.60) increased 1.3% in relation to October and 2.4% in relation to November 2006.  

In the analysis by areas, in relation to the previous month, there was recovery in the income of Salvador (4.0%), Belo Horizonte (2.5%), Rio de Janeiro (1.6%), São Paulo (1.0%) and Porto Alegre (1.2%), and stability in Recife.  In the annual comparison, hikes in Belo Horizonte (7.2%), Rio de Janeiro (6.2%) and  Porto Alegre (2.9%), and decreases (of approximately 0.6%) in Recife and Salvador. In São Paulo stability was registered.

Income of classes of workers in the MONTHLY comparison

Employees with a formal contract in the private sector

Hike (1.4%) in the average income (R$ 1,103.20).  In the metropolitan areas of Recife (0.4%), Salvador (1.6%), Belo Horizonte (2.7%), Rio de Janeiro (2.8%) and São Paulo (0.6%), the income increased, while in Porto Alegre there was stability. 

Employees without a formal contract in the private sector

There was no change in the average income (R$ 747.60) of the total six metropolitan areas.  Hikes in Recife (3.1%), Rio de Janeiro (0.5%), São Paulo (0.7%) and Porto Alegre (5.0%) and decreases in Belo Horizonte (-4.2%) and Salvador (-0.5%) were observed.

Military and statutory public servants

Hike (3.4%) in the average income (R$ 2,013.90) in the six metropolitan areas was recorded.  In the metropolitan areas of Salvador (7.9%), Belo Horizonte (5.6%), Rio de Janeiro (6.7%) and Porto Alegre (5.7%) the scenario was of hike.  There was decrease in the income of Recife (-5.9%) and stability in São Paulo.

Own account workers
Hike (0.4%) in the average income (R$ 953.00) in the total six areas was registered.  There were hikes in Salvador (6.8%), Belo Horizonte (5.6%), São Paulo (1.0%) and Porto Alegre (1.8%), and decreases in Recife (-2.6%) and in Rio de Janeiro (-2.0%).

Income of classes of workers in the ANNUAL comparison

Employees with a formal contract in the private sector

For the total of the six areas, the income (R$ 1,103.20) increased (0.8%) in relation to November 2006.  In the metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte (1.8%), Rio de Janeiro (6.8%) and Porto Alegre (3.8%) income increased.  In the metropolitan areas of Recife (-2.4%), Salvador (-0.4%) and São Paulo (-1.9%) losses in income were recorded.

Employees without a formal contract in the private sector

For the total of the six areas, this class of worker had hike (1.9%) in the income (R$ 747.60).  The metropolitan areas of Recife (3.6%), Belo Horizonte (5.9%), Rio de Janeiro (5.2%) São Paulo (1.1%) and Porto Alegre (3.6%) had increase in the income.  In the metropolitan area of Salvador decrease in the income was registered (-6.3%).

Military or statutory public servants

For the total of the six areas, the income (R$ 2,013.90) increased 4.9%.  There was recovery in the following metropolitan areas: Salvador (4.7%), Belo Horizonte (4.3%), Rio de Janeiro (20.8%) and Porto Alegre (10.8%).  The income had decrease in Recife (-5.0%) and São Paulo (-7.8%).

Own account workers
For the total of the six areas, the income (R$ 953.00) increased 2.4%.  There was recovery in the income in the following metropolitan areas:  Recife (3.0%), Belo Horizonte (14.8%), Rio de Janeiro (1.0%) and São Paulo (2.8%).  The income fell only in Salvador (-1.2%) and Porto Alegre (8.2%).

The table below shows the performance of the Average Income of Workers by Groups of Activity.

Average Real Household Income Per Capita

In November, for the total of the six areas, the average real household income per capita (R$ 733.90) increased (2.8%) in relation to October and also in relation to November 2006 (4.5%).

In the analysis by areas, in relation to October, all the areas had hikes: Recife (0.4%), Salvador (9.0%), Belo Horizonte (3.4%), Rio de Janeiro (2.2%), São Paulo (2.7%) and Porto Alegre (2.1%).  In the comparison with November 2006, there were hikes in five metropolitan areas: Salvador and Rio de Janeiro (8.2%), Belo Horizonte (12.7%), São Paulo (1.4%) and Porto Alegre (5.6%).  In Recife, there was decrease (-5.6%).

Overall Effective Real Income of Employed Population

The Overall Effective Real Income of the Employed Population referent to October (based on the Monthly Employment Survey of November 2007) was estimated in R$ 24.3 billion.  There was hike in relation to September (2.1%) and a significant growth (5.2%) in relation to October of the previous year.

In the analysis by areas, in relation to September, there was recovery in all the metropolitan areas: Recife (2.1%), Salvador (6.8%), Belo Horizonte (4.9%), Rio de Janeiro (1.1%), São Paulo (1.2%) and Porto Alegre (3.7%).  In the comparison with October 2006, there were hikes in Salvador (3.3%), Belo Horizonte (12.9%), Rio de Janeiro (7.9%), São Paulo (2.8%) and Porto Alegre (9.0%), and decrease in  Recife (-3.6%).

Notes

1 - Income usually earned. The deflator used for the calculation of the real income for each area is the Consumer Price Index of the metropolitan area produced by the IBGE.  In order to calculate the income of the total of the six metropolitan areas covered by the survey, the deflator is the weighed average of the price indexes of these areas.  The weighing variable is the resident population in the urban area of the metropolitan area.