In 2005, the industrial employment accumulated growth of 1.1%, a rate lower than the one observed in 2004 (1.8%). In December, there was a negative change of 0.2% in relation to November, in the series without seasonal influence. This is the third negative result in this type of comparison. In the comparison with December 2004, the result also was negative (-0.8%). The number of employed persons fell by 0.7% in the fourth quarter, in relation to the same period of 2004, and was 0.4% lower than in the immediately previous quarter (seasonally adjusted series).

With the change of –0.2% between November and December, the trend of unemployment fell according to the quarterly moving average, and a decrease of 0.3% was observed in the quarters closed in November and December.

The industrial employment closed 2005 with growth of 1.1%, in relation to 2004. In this comparison, the number of workers increased in 10 localities and in 10 sectors . At national level, the main positive contributions were observed in food products and beverages (7.1%), transportation (9.0%) and metal products (4.6%). Footwear and leather articles (-11.7%), wood (-9.0%) and apparel (-3.6%) brought the main negative impacts among the eight segments in which a reduction of the number of employed persons in industry was observed.

In the analysis by areas, in this comparison, São Paulo (2.3%), Minas Gerais (3.9%) and the North and Central West Regions (3.9%) brought the main positive influences. In the industry of São Paulo, food products and beverages (11.8%) and transportation (9.7%) stood out as the main contributions among the 10 segments in which the number of employed persons increased. In Minas Gerais, 11 groups had positive results, especially metal products (23.5%) and food products and beverages (6.9%). Finally, in the North and Central West Regions, among the 10 sectors with increased number of employed persons, the main positive impacts were food products and beverages (11.9%) and communication and electric and electronic machines and equipment (11.2%). On the other hand, Rio Grande do Sul (-6.3%) brought the main negative influence, with 10 segments showing decrease in employment, mainly footwear and leather articles (-19.9%).

In the comparison December 05/ December 04, the level of salaried employed persons had the fourteenth consecutive decrease. In all the Country, among the ten segments with negative indexes, footwear and leather articles (-12.8%), wood (-16.0%) and rubber and plastic (-5.9%) brought the main influences upon the overall rate of –0.8%. On the other hand, hirings surpassed dismissals in eight groups, with food products and beverages (7.6%), transportation (4.4%) and communication and electric and electronic machines and equipment (3.1%) bringing the main positive influences.

In the analysis by localities, still in this type of comparison, Rio Grande do Sul had the lowest rate (-8.2%) and brought the most significant contribution, among the eight localities in which dismissals overcame hirings. In the industry of the state, 13 sectors had negative rates, standing out, in terms of participation, footwear and leather articles (-21.5%). Following Rio Grande do Sul were Paraná (-2.9%) and Northeast Region (-1.8%). In Paraná, the groups with decrease also were 13, especially wood (-22.9%). In the Northeast Region, the result with biggest impact among the 11 decreasing segments was food products and beverages (-3.6%). Still in this comparison, North and Central West Regions (3.4%), Minas Gerais (2.3%) and São Paulo (0.5%) brought the main positive impacts, especially food products and beverages in all the three localities.

In the quarterly analysis, it could be observed that while there was an increasing trend of employment in 2004, in 2005 there was deceleration: 2.6% in the first quarter, 2.0% in the second, 0.4% in the third and a negative result in the last quarter (-0.7%). The loss of dynamism observed from the third to the fourth quarter reached 10 out of 14 localities and 13 among 18 surveyed activities, especially food products and beverages (from 8.0% to 6.5%), metal products (from 8.4% to 4.0%) and machines and equipment (from –1.0% to –3.6%).

Number of hours paid increased by 0.8% in 2005

The accumulated indicator from January to December 2005 of the number of hours paid to the workers of the industry increased by 0.8%. In the comparison with December 2004, the number of hours paid fell by 0.6% and in the fourth quarter, compared to same quarter of previous year, fell by 0.5%. In the month of December, there was a negative change of 0.3% in relation to November, in the series without seasonal influence. Nevertheless, this result was not enough to change the trend of the quarterly moving average which continued stable, having positive change of 0.1% in the quarters closed between December and November.

In the end of 2005 the growth of 0.8%, in relation to 2004, was influenced by the positive behavior in eight among 14 regions and nine among 18 surveyed industrial sectors. The localities that had the biggest increases came from São Paulo (2.2%), Minas Gerais (4.7%) and North and Central West Regions (3.2%). The biggest negative influence came from Rio Grande do Sul (-7.0%). In sectorial terms, the most relevant positive impacts came from food products and beverages (7.1%), transportation (8.8%) and metal products (5.4%). On the other hand, the industries of apparel (-3.1%) and wood (-9.6%) were the main negative contributions to the overall result.

According to the monthly indicator, the fall of 0.6% was due mainly to the decrease in 11 among 18 activities and nine among 14 surveyed areas. In the analysis by sectors, wood (-15.6%), footwear and leather articles (-4.5%) and rubber and plastic (-6.2%) brought the biggest negative results. On the other hand, food products and beverages (5.6%) and communication and electric and electronic machines and equipment (7.2%) brought the main positive contributions to the overall result.

Still in the comparison December 05/ December 04, the localities responsible for the biggest negative impacts on the overall result were the three states of the South Region: Rio Grande do Sul (-6.9%), Paraná (-4.3%) and Santa Catarina (-3.2%). In the industry of this state, 14 among 18 surveyed groups reduced the hours paid, especially footwear and leather articles (-13.1%), other products of manufacturing industry (-15.3%) and machines and equipment (-7.9%). In Paraná, 13 groups had negative performance, mainly wood (-24.3%) and apparel (-9.9%). In Santa Catarina, the most significant contribution among the 10 activities that fell was observed in wood (-11.9%). On the other hand, the states of São Paulo (1.2%) and Minas Gerais (3.3%) brought the main positive influences to the overall result. In São Paulo, 10 among 18 surveyed groups increased the number of hours paid, with food products and beverages (7.4%) as the main highlight. Also in Minas Gerais the main highlight came from food products and beverages (17.4%).

Differently from what occurred in 2004, the quarterly indicator had a downward trend in 2005. From the third to the fourth quarter, the number of hours paid changed from 0.2% to –0.5%, with 12 among 18 surveyed segments with decrease. Among these, the most significant were food products and beverages, which decelerated the rhythm of growth from 7.9% to 6.0%; metal products, which changed from an increase of 7.9% to 2.3%; and transportation (from 8.0% to 5.0%).

Payroll accumulates growth of 3.4% in the year

The real value of payroll accumulated, in 2005, growth of 3.4%. In relation to December 2004, there was increase of 0.7%. In the fourth quarter of 2005, in relation to the same period of the previous year, there was growth of 1.8%, which indicates deceleration in the rhythm of expansion of the overall wages of industry, since in the third quarter, the growth had been of 3.9%. In relation to November, in the series without seasonal influence, there was negative change of 1.2%. This was the fourth consecutive fall in this type of comparison, which contributed to an accumulated loss of 4.8% in the period December 05/ September 05. With this result, the quarterly moving average indicator also fell (-1.1%) between the quarters closed in November and December.

In the accumulated indicator of the year, the growth of 3.4% in the value of the payroll showed positive results in 13 among 18 surveyed activities. The main highlights, in terms of contribution to the formation of the overall rate, were food products and beverages (9.9%) and transportation (7.0%). The main negative results came from paper and printing (-4.7%) and footwear and leather articles (-9.1%).

In the analysis by areas, still in relation to the accumulated index of the year, there was expansion of the overall wages in 11 among 14 localities investigated, especially São Paulo (3.2%) and Minas Gerais (9.3%). The activities that most contributed to the result were, respectively: food products and beverages (16.7%) transportation (6.8%); metal products (43.3%) and basic metallurgy (11.2%). On the other hand, Rio Grande do Sul (-1.4%) brought the main negative impact, due, mainly, to the fall observed in footwear and leather articles (-16.3%).

According to the monthly indicator (0.7%), there were positive results in eight among the 14 surveyed localities. The main contribution to the formation of this rate came from São Paulo (2.1%) due, mainly, to the activities chemical products (15.8%) and transportation (4.9%). It is also worth mentioning, in a lower scale, Rio de Janeiro (6.0%), as a consequence, mainly, of the expansion of the sectors of food products and beverages (31.8%) and machines and equipment (36.1%). Among the localities that indicated decrease, stood out Paraná (-7.1%) and Rio Grande do Sul (-4.6%), due to the reduction, mainly, in the groups wood (-21.1%) and footwear and leather articles (-18.7%), respectively.

In sectorial terms, at national level, the increase of the monthly indicator can be explained, mainly, by the growth observed in 10 among 18 surveyed activities. The biggest positive influences came from chemical products (10.8%) and food products and beverages (4.6%). On the other hand, the most significant negative results were observed in machines and equipment (-5.0%) and footwear and leather articles (-12.0%).

In the quarterly analysis, the reduction in the rhythm of growth of the overall wages between the third (3.9%) and fourth quarters (1.8%) of 2005 was also observed in 10 among 18 surveyed sectors and in 10 among 14 localities. The results of the third and fourth quarters inverted the trend observed in the first (4.0%) and second quarters (4.4%) of 2005.