Unemployment in November was 10.6%

Rate remained statistically stable in relation to that of October (10.5%), the same way as the real average income (R$ 904.70). In comparison with November last year, there was decrease of unemployment rate and increase of the average income of workers. The number of workers with a formal contract was stable in the monthly comparison and increased 3.8% in relation to November 2003.

December 22, 2004 09h00 AM | Last Updated: February 20, 2018 06h07 PM

Rate remained statistically stable in relation to that of October (10.5%), the same way as the real average income (R$ 904.70). In comparison with November last year, there was decrease of unemployment rate and increase of the average income of workers. The number of workers with a formal contract was stable in the monthly comparison and increased 3.8% in relation to November 2003.

UNEMPLOYMENT RATE

Estimated at 10.5% last year, this indicator did not Record changes, and is expected to be 10.6% in November 2004.

The scenario of unemployment recorded significant change only in the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro, where the rate changed from 8.5% to 9.4%. In comparison with November 2003, there were significant changes in the metropolitan areas of Recife (from 14.0% to 11.2%), Belo Horizonte (10.3% to 9.2%), São Paulo (14.0% to 11.%) and Porto Alegre (9.4% to 7.8%).

EMPLOYED POPULATION

For the total of six areas surveyed by PME, the number of employed persons was estimated at 19.5 million persons, indicating stability in relation to october and increase of 3.4% in comparison with November 2003. In 12 months, there were 633 thousand job posts, confirming the annual trend to increase observed since March 2004 (from 2002 to 2003, increase of 3.5% and, from 2003 to 2004, increase of 3.4%).

The employment level (employed population/population at active age) was estimated at 51.4%, remaining stable in relation to that of October and with increase of 0.6 percentage points over November 2003.

The male population represented 56.4% of the employed persons, and the female population 43.6%.

By age group, the employed population was distributed as follows: 0.3% between 10 and 14 years of age; 2.0% between 15 and 17 years of age; 16.9% between 18 and 24 years of age; 63.2% between 25 and 49 years of age and 17.7% aged 50 and over. The group of youngsters aged 16 to 24, the target population of the First Job Program, represented 18.5% of the employed, in November 2004, without significant differences in its evolution in time since the beginning of this survey series.

Results compared with the main groups of activity

Mining and quarrying industry, manufacturing industry and distribution of electricity, gas an water (17.7% of the employed population) In relation to October, there was stability. In relation to November 2003, in the group of six metropolitan areas, there was increase of 4.9% of the population employed in industry. Only in São Paulo was there significant change (10.1%).

Construction (7.3% of the employed population) There was stability in November 2004, both in the monthly comparison (0.5%) and in relation to November last year (4.3%). In the analysis by area, in the monthly comparison, there was stability in all the areas. In the regional analysis, Rio de Janeiro, where this group represented 7.8%, was the only place to record change (12.8%).

Trade, repair of automotive vehicles and of personal and domestic objects and retail trade of fuels In the monthly comparison, in the total group of six areas, and in each of them, there was stability. In comparison with November 2003, there was stability in the group of six metropolitan areas surveyed (0.8%). Significant change was only observed in the metropolitan area of Salvador (9.9%).

Services rendered to enterprises, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (14.0% of the employed population) In the group of six areas, there was stability in relation to October 2004 (0.8%). Compared to November 2003, there was considerable increase of the employed population (6.9%).

By area, in the monthly comparison, there were changes in Recife (10.7%) and Belo Horizonte (7.3%). In relation to November 2003, only São Paulo (10%) and Porto Alegre (15.1%) recorded significant changes.

Education, health, social services, public administration and social security (15.3% of the employed population) In the group of six areas, there was stability in comparison with October and also with annual results (-1.5%). By area, there were no changes, either in the monthly or in the annual comparison.

Domestic services (7.9% of the employed population) In relation to October, for the group of six metropolitan areas, there was no significant change (-0.9%). Compared to November last year, there was change of 9.9%.

In relation to October, there was no change in any of the areas, but, in relation to November last year, there were significant changes in four of them Recife (15.7%), Salvador (13.1%), Rio de Janeiro (14.0%) and São Paulo (15.7%) - and stability in the other ones - Belo Horizonte (-7.6%) and Porto Alegre (-6.5%).

Other services (lodging, transportation, urban cleaning and personal services) (17.4% of the employed population) In the group of six metropolitan area, there was no statistically significant change in relation to October. In the comparison with November 2003, the change was 4.0%, as a consequence of the increase of the number of employed persons in Salvador (18.2%) and Belo Horizonte (14.3%). The other areas recorded stability.

Analysis of form of worker's participation in the job market

Workers WITH a formal employment contract signed in the private sector¹ (39.6% of the employed population) There was no significant change in this type of participation in the job market in relation to October (1.4%) in the group of six areas. Compared to November 2003, there was increase of the number of workers with a formal employment contract signed in the private sector. Versus October, no area recorded significant change. In relation to November 2003, there was change in Recife (10.6%) and Belo Horizonte (10.9%).

Workers WITHOUT a formal contract in the private sector¹ (15.9% of the employed population) There was stability in the monthly comparison for the group of six areas (-0.1%), and for each of them individually. In comparison with November results, there was increase of 3.7% in the total number of workers without a formal contract, mainly due to the rises in Belo Horizonte (14.6%) and Porto Alegre (11.9%).

Own-account workers (20.1%) of the employed population) There was stability in the monthly comparison for the group of six metropolitan areas. Compared to the same month in the previous year, there was stability in the group of six metropolitan areas (2.3%). In the regional analysis, in the annual comparison, the scenario was stable, except for Salvador 912.6%) and Porto Alegre (-10.5%).

UNEMPLOYED PERSONS

In November 2004the estimated number of 2.3 million persons were looking for a job in the six metropolitan areas encompassed by PME, showing stability in comparison with October results. Versus November last year, the reduction reached 11.1%, with minus 289 thousand employed persons, approximately.

Only the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro recorded change, in the monthly comparison (12.1%). In the annual comparison, there was decrease of 11.1%, mainly due to the estimates of Recife (-21.2%), São Paulo (-18.8%) and Porto Alegre (-16.7%). The employment level (employed population/population at active age) was estimated at 51.4%, remaining stable in relation to that of October and with increase of 0.9 percentage points over November 2003.

AVERAGE REAL INCOME²

In November, the real average income of employed persons in the six metropolitan areas surveyed was R$ 904.70, or approximately 3.5 minimum wages. There was no record of change in relation to October 2004, but rise of 2.6% in relation to November 2003

In comparison with october, in the group of six areas, there was slight retraction (0.3%) for workers with a formal contract signed in the private sector, and decrease of 4.0% for own-account workers. Still in relation to the position in terms of employment type, in the group of six metropolitan areas, in the comparison with November 2003, there was increase of the number of employed persons with a formal contract signed in the private sector (0.2%). In the category of workers without an employment contract signed in the private sector, the change was 4.4%. For own-account workers, there was rise of 3.8%.

Recife (-3.2%), Salvador (-1.1%) and Belo Horizonte (-1.1%) faced decrease of average income in relation to October. In Rio de Janeiro (0.2%) and São Paulo (0.1%) there was stability. Porto Alegre was the only region to record increase (2.6%). In relation to November 2003, income increased in all the metropolitan areas: Compared to December 2011, income recorded a hike in Recife (7.9%), Belo Horizonte (6.8%), Rio de Janeiro (1.9%), São Paulo (3.7%), Porto Alegre (4.6%) and faced decrease in Salvador (-4.5%).

In relation to October, there was increase of: trade (-2.6%); education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security (-2.5%) and domestic services (-0.8%). There was increase in the following groups: construction (4.2%); services rendered to enterprises, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (1.5%) and other services (lodging, transportation, urban cleaning and persona services) (3.0%). Mining and quarrying industry, manufacturing industry and distribution of electricity, gas and water (0.1%) was the only stable group.

In relation to November 2003 there was increase of the average yield of workers in almost all the groups of activity: mining and quarrying industry, manufacturing industry and distribution of electricity, gas and water (3.1%); trade, repair of automotive vehicles and of personal and domestic objects and retail trade of fuels (1.9%); services rendered to enterprises, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (5.2%); education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security (1.6%) and (6.7%), whereas there was decrease in Construction (-0.6%) and other services (lodging, feeding, urban cleaning and personal services) (0.4%). The group of domestic services (-0.2%) was the only one to record loss of increase, in the annual comparison.

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¹ Except domestic workers, military or civil servants.

² Income usually earned.