In 2014, the Annual Survey of Construction Industry (PAIC) of the IBGE found that the sector's enterprises made real state development, construction works and services amounting to R$ 382.0 billion, with a reduction of 0.8%, in real terms, in relation to 2013. In 2014, there were 119 thousand active enterprises in the construction industry, a growth of 7.5% in the number of active enterprises in relation to 2013. They employed 2.9 million persons.

The contribution of the expenses with employed persons (33.1%) to costs and to the enterprises' expenditures was lower than in 2013 (34.0%). The average monthly salary advanced 5.6% in real terms, going from R$ 1,759.30 in 2013 to R$ 1,973.67 in 2014.

The Southeast, although still at the top, lost participation between 2013 and 2014, both in employed persons (53.3% to 52.2%), and in the value of the real estate development (60.0% to 58.5%). In the same period, the value of infrastructure works, for the enterprises with 30 or more employed persons - group with the highest weight in the construction industry - increased from R$ 132.4 to R$ 137.2 billion, but their participation in the total dropped from 44.8% to 43.1%. Next, the main information from PAIC 2014, which is also available here, is presented.

The Annual Survey of Construction Industry - PAIC collects economic and financial information on the business segment of the Construction Industry of the country, encompassing the construction of buildings, infrastructure works and specialized services for construction. PAIC brings a detailed overview, from 2013 to 2014, on employed persons, gross revenue, value of the real estate developments, works and/or services, cost and expense structure, investment and value added, as well as groups of construction products for enterprises with 30 or more employed persons.

In 2014, the value of the real estate developments, construction works and services was R$ 382.0 billion

The construction enterprises, in 2014, carried out real estate developments, construction works and services in the current value of R$ 382.0 billion, with a reduction of 0.8% in relation to 2013 (in values deflated by The Extended National Consumer Price Index - the IPCA, item Repairs, estimated by the IBGE, which had and average change of 8.43%, in 2014).

Excluding real estate developments, the current value of the construction works and services reached R$ 371.5 billion, of which R$ 128.2 billion (34.5%) came from works contracted by public entities; the contribution surpassed that of 2013 (34.0%). The net operating revenue (R$ 359.1 billion) fell 1.3% in real terms in relation to 2013 (Table 1).

Table 1 - General Data from the Construction Industry- Brazil - 2013-2014

 

Year	General Data from the Construction Industry
	Number of active enterprises	Employed persons	Salary , withdrawals and other compensation	Expenses with personnel	Total costs and expenses	Value of real estate developments, construction works and services	Value of works or services	Construction for public entities	Net operating revenue
			1 000 000 R$
2013	110,713	2,936,499	67,160	101,946	299,974	355,257	344,143	116,937	335,381
2014	119,018	2,852,824	73,197	106,621	322,337	381,992	371,499	128,225	359,105

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2013-2014.

In 2014, the 119 thousand active enterprises of the construction industry employed 2.9 million persons. The expenses with employed persons corresponded to 33.1% of the total costs and expenses of the construction enterprises. This contribution was below that of 2013 (34.0%). The average monthly salary advanced 5.6% in real terms (considering the change of the National Consumer Price Index - INPC, which stood at 6.23% in 2014), going from R$ 1,759.30 in 2013 to R$ 1,973.67 in 2014. There was a growth of 7.5% in the number of active enterprises in relation to 2013 (Graph 1).

Graph 1 - Number of active enterprises in the construction industry with 1 or more employed persons - Brazil - 2010-2014

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2010-2014.

The construction of buildings remained as the sector with the greatest participation  (43.8%) in the current value (R$ 167.2 billion) of real estate developments, construction works and services in 2014. The segment of infrastructure works (R$ 149.1 billion) had the second greater contribution (39.0%), though with a drop in relation to 2013 (40.2%). The contribution of specialized services (R$ 65.7 billion) was virtually stable (17.0% to 17.2%).

Construction works and services represent 94.7% of the sector's gross revenue.

Construction works or services carried out by construction enterprises represent the fundamental share in the gross revenue of the sector, totaling R$ 368.7 billion in 2014, or 94.7% of the total, against 94.2% in 2013.

The revenue from real estate developments built by other companies (R$ 10.5 billion) represented 2.7% of the total revenues in 2014, against 3.1% in 2013. The revenues from construction and demolition materials represented 0.8% and 1.0% of the total, in 2014 and 2013, respectively. The other items of the revenue contributed with less than 2.0% of the gross revenue, both in 2013 and in 2014.

Expenses with personnel represented 33.1% of the costs of the construction industry

Among the costs and expenditures of the construction industry, the highlight is the expenses with personnel with 33.1% of percentage contribution in 2014, lower than that of 2013 (34.0%). The consumption of construction material, second biggest participation, stood at 24.7% in 2014, similarly to 2013's figure (24.6%). Construction works and/or services rendered by third parties were from 11.6% in 2013 to 10.7% in 2014. (Table 2).

Table 2 - Cost and expense structure of the construction industry, by selected variables - Brazil - 2013-2014

Selected variables	Cost and expense structure of the construction industry
	2013		2014
	Current value (1 000 R$)	Percentage contribution (%)	Current value (1 000 R$)	Percentage contribution (%)
Total	299,974,470	100.0	322,336,639	100.0
Expenses with personnel	101,946,179	34.0	106,621,464	33.1
Consumption of construction material	73,905,459	24.6	79,664,329	24.7
Works or services hired to third parties	34,735,861	11.6	34,600,142	10.7.
Consumption of fuels and lubricants	7,061,236	2.4	7,918,847	2.5
Repair and maintenance services for machinery and equipment	6,831,975	2.3	7,649,998	2.4
Rents and leasing	11,983,140	4.0	13,214,071	4.1
Other costs and expenses not mentioned above	63,510,620	21.1	72,667,788	22.5

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2013-2014.

Net investments in the fixed assets of the construction enterprises totaled R$ 7.9 billion in 2014. The net investment in machinery and equipment was the main highlight, with 51.0% of the total invested, followed by land sites and buildings (20.6%), means of transportation (19.9%), and other acquisitions - furniture, computers, etc. (8.5%).

In 2014, construction value added had a nominal high of 6.5%

Between 2013 and 2014, there was nominal growth in all the divisions of the construction industry - construction of buildings, infrastructure works and specialized services (Table 3). The specialized services for construction had the greatest nominal growth (13.8%), mostly due to the increase of 9.5% in the number of active enterprises in this division in the period: from 52,975 to 58,018.

Table 3 - Value added of the construction activitiy, according to the respective divisions of the activity - Brazil - 2013-2014

Divisions of the construction activity	Value added of the construction activitiy
	Current value		Change
			Absolute	Relative (%)
	2013	2014	2013-2014	2013-2014
Total	168 769 429	179 810 835	11 041 406	6.5
Construction of buildings	68 094 850	74 047 740	5 952 890	8.7
Infrastructure works	66 208 655	66 543 230	334 575	0.5
Specialized services for construction	34 465 924	39 219 866	4 753 942	13.8

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2013-2014.
Note: Value added and absolute change at 1000 R$.

Southeast still leads, but shrinks contribution in the construction activity

In 2014, the Southeast had the biggest contribution to the value of the real estate developments, construction works and services and of the employed persons of construction. Although still at the top of the ranking, the Region lost participation, from 2013 to 2014, both in employed persons (53.3% to 52.2%), and in the value of the real estate developments, construction works and services (60.0% to 58.5%). The contributions of Northeast and South were the ones that most grew in the period (Table 4).

Table 4 - Employed persons and value of incorporations, works and services of construction,

by Major Regions- 2013-2014

Major Regions	Employed persons				Current values of incorporations, works and/or services of construction
	2013		2014		2013		2014
	Total (on 31.12)	Percent participation (%)	Total (on 31.12)	Percent participation (%)	Current values (1 000 R$)	Percent participation (%)	Current values (1 000 R$)	Percent participation (%)
Brazil	2,936,499	100,0	2,852,824	100.0	355,256,639	100.0	381,991,656	100.0
North	132,290	4.5	122,071	4.3	12,969,573	3.7	13,966,687	3.7
Northeast	584,389	19.9	599,097	21.0	53,533,193	15.1	59,078,110	15.5
Southeast	1,565,850	53.3	1,489,734	52.2	213,128,098	60.0	223,582,612	58.5
South	417,687	14.2	429,156	15.0	47,779,822	13.4	54,563,196	14.2
Central-West	236,283	8.1	212,766	7.5	27,845,953	7.8	30,801,051	8.1

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2013-2014.

Weight of infrastructure works in the construction industry down to 43.1%

In 2014, the current value of real estate developments, construction works and/or services carried out by enterprises with 30 or more employed persons was R$ 318.2 billion, registering a decrease of 0.7% in relation to 2013 (in values deflated by the average change of the item Repairs of the Extended National Consumer Price Index - IPCA, which was 8.43% in 2014) - Table 5.

Tabela 5 - Valor das incorporações, obras e/ou serviços da construção das empresas com 30 ou mais
pessoas ocupadas, segundo os grupos de produtos e/ou serviços da construção Brasil - 2013-2014

Groups of products and/or services of constructionI
	2013		2014
	Current values (1 000 R$)	Percent participation (%)	Current values (1 000 R$)	Percent participation (%)
Total	295,438,977	100.0	318,226,446	100.0
Incorporation of real estate built by other companies	6,928,467	2.3	6,509,334	2.0
Residential woks	77,073,317	26.1	88,964,057	28.0
Industrial, commercial and other non-residential buildings	35.998.951	12.2	37,158,052	11.7
Infrastructure works	132,417,660	44.8	137,213,179	43.1
Specialized services for construction	43,020,583	14.6	48,381,825	15.2

Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Indústria, Pesquisa Anual da Indústria da Construção 2013-2014.
Note: Includes obras novas, reformas e manutenção.

 

 

From 2013 to 2014, the value of the infrastructure works - group with the highest weight in construction - increased from R$ 132.4 to R$ 137.2 billion, but its participation in the total of the real estate developments, construction works and services dropped from 44.8% to 43.1%.

Conversely, the participation of the residential construction works – second highest weight - increased from 26.1% to 28.0% in the period. The third contribution is specialized services, which also grew: from 14.6% to 15.2%.