IPCA-15
Inflation preview stands at 0.57% in April
April 26, 2023 09h00 AM | Last Updated: April 26, 2023 05h17 PM
The preview of April inflation increased by 0.57%, after the 0.69% index recorded in March. The Extended National Consumer Price Index 15 (IPCA-15), released today (April 26) by the IBGE, shows that in the year the IPCA-15 accumulates an increase of 2.59% and, in 12 months, of 4.16%, below the 5.36% registered in the previous 12 months. In April 2022, the rate had been 1.73%.
All nine groups of products and services surveyed recorded inflation in April. The biggest change (1.44%) and the biggest impact on the month's index (0.29 p.p.) came from Transportation, which had risen by 1.50% in March. Next, the groups Health and personal care (1.04%) and Housing (0.48%) contributed to the result of the month, with 0.14 pp and 0.07 pp.
As in the previous month, the increase in the Transportation group (1.44%) was driven by the increase in gasoline prices (3.47%), the sub-item that contributed with the greatest individual impact on the April IPCA-15 (0.17 pp). In addition, there was also an increase in ethanol prices (1.10%), which had already risen 1.96% in March. Diesel oil (-2.73%) and vehicular gas (-2.17%), on the other hand, fell, against the trend of other fuels (2.84%). It is also worth noting the 11.96% rise in airfares, after a 5.32% drop in March.
Also in Transportation, the positive change of urban buses (0.94%) is due to the 15.75% increase in fares in Fortaleza (14.17%), in force on March 19, and of 9.09% in Curitiba (4.71%), effective on March 1st. In the subway sub-item (0.16%), it is worth highlighting the 6.15% fare rise, applied on April 12 in Rio de Janeiro (0.46%). The increase of 0.07% in the taxi sub-item is a consequence of the residual appropriation of the 11.54% price increase in Belo Horizonte (0.65%), in force since February 13th.
In Health and personal care (1.04%), the largest contribution (0.06 pp) came from pharmaceutical products (1.86%), after the increase authorization of up to 5.60% in the price of medicines, effective on March 31st. Personal hygiene items decelerated from 2.36% in March to 0.35% in April's IPCA-15, mainly influenced by perfumes (-1.99%). In addition, health plans (1.20%) continue to incorporate the monthly increase shares for new and old plans for the 2022 to 2023 cycle.
In the Housing group (0.48%), the highlight was residential electricity, with a rise of 0.84% and a contribution of 0.03 pp. The changes of the areas were between -1.36% in Porto Alegre and 7.18% in Rio de Janeiro, where increases of 7.49% and 6.00% were applied in the two concessionaires surveyed, both effective on March 15. The rise of the group was also influenced by the acceleration in residential rent (0.53%), which had increased by 0.15% in March.
Regionally, all surveyed areas rose in April. The greatest change was registered in Curitiba (0.85%). The main contribution to the result came from gasoline, with a rise of 6.40%. The smallest change was observed in Belo Horizonte (0.27%), influenced by the decreases of 6.19% in fruits and 13.30% in tomatoes.
The IPCA-15 decelerated in relation to March influenced, among other factors, by the deceleration in the groups of Food and beverages (from 0.20% in March to 0.04% in April), Communication (from 0.75% to 0. .06%) and Housing (from 0.81% to 0.48%).
The deceleration in Food and beverages is due to the negative change in food at home (-0.15%). It is worth mentioning the falls in the prices of potatoes (-7.31%), onions (-5.64%), soybean oil (-4.75%) and meats (-1.34%) . Among the highs, the highlight was hen eggs, whose prices rose 4.36% in April.
Food away from home changed from 0.68% in March to 0.55% in April. Snacks slowed down (from 1.02% in March to 0.82% in April), while meals (0.52%) recorded a result close to the previous month (0.50%).
As for regional indices, all surveyed areas rose in April. The greatest change was registered in Curitiba (0.85%). The main contribution to the result came from gasoline, with a rise of 6.40%. The smallest change was observed in Belo Horizonte (0.27%), influenced by the decreases of 6.19% in fruits and 13.30% in tomatoes.
More about the survey
To calculate the IPCA-15, prices were collected in the period from March 16 to April 13, 2023 (reference) and compared with those in effect from February 11 to March 15, 2023 (base). The indicator refers to families with an income of 1 to 40 minimum wages and covers the Metropolitan Areas of Rio de Janeiro, Porto Alegre, Belo Horizonte, Recife, São Paulo, Belém, Fortaleza, Salvador and Curitiba, in addition to Brasília and the municipality of Goiânia. The methodology used is the same as the IPCA's, the difference is in the price collection period and geographic coverage. See the full results on the Sidra database.
