In June, the production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds estimated for 2025 should add up to 333.3 million tonnes, 13.9% above that obtained in 2024 (292.7 million tonnes), an increase of 40.6 million tonnes, and 0.2% above that reported in May, an increase of 698.6 thousand tonnes.

The area to be harvested was of 81.2 million hectares, a growth of 2.7% over the area harvested in 2024, an increase of 2.1 million hectares, and an increase of 0.0% (15.3 thousand hectares) in relation to May.

The three main products, rice, corn and soybeans, together, represented 92.6% of the production estimate and accounted for 88.0% of the area to be harvested. Compared with 2024, increases of 5.6% were registered in the area to be harvested of upland cottonseed,11.4% of paddy rice, 3.3% of soybeans, 3.3% of corn (drop of 4.1% in corn - 1st crop and growth of 5.4% in corn - 2nd crop), and 5.5% of sorghum, and declines of 5.0% in beans and of 14.7% in wheat.

Concerning the output, increases of 5.3% were recorded for upland cottonseed; of 16.0% for paddy rice; of 4.2% for beans, of 13.9% for soybeans, of 14.6% for corn (growth of 13.4% for corn - 1st crop and of 14.8% for corn - 2nd crop), of 9.0% for sorghum and of 5.9% for wheat.

The estimated production for soybeans was 165.1 million tonnes. As for corn, the estimate was 131.4 million tonnes (26.0 million tonnes for corn - first crop and 105.4 million tonnes for corn - 2nd crop). The output of paddy rice was estimated at 12.3 million tonnes, that of wheat, at 8.0 million tonnes, that of upland cottonseed, at 9.3 million tonnes and that of sorghum, at 4.3 million tonnes.

The production estimate of cereals, legumes and oilseeds recorded a positive annual change for the Central-West (17.5%), South (82%), Southeast (14.7%), Northeast (9.2%) and North (15.2%) regions. As for the monthly change, the North (0.6%), the Northeast (0.4%) and the South (0.5%) grew, while the Southeast (0.0%) and the Central-West (0.0%) maintained the estimates from the previous month.

Mato Grosso leads as the biggest national grain producer, with a share of 31.5%, followed by Paraná (13.6%), Goiás (11.6%), Rio Grande do Sul (9.7%), Mato Grosso do Sul (7.6%) and Minas Gerais (5.5%), which, together, added up to 79.5% of the total. Regarding the participation of the Brazilian regions, the distribution was: Central-West (51.0%), South (25.4%), Southeast (8.9%), Northeast (8.4%) and North (6.3%).

Highlights of the estimate of June 2025 compared to the previous month

Compared to May, the estimated production of barley (30.3% or 126 900 t), coffea canephora (10.8% or 117 295 t), oat (1.2% or 15 800 t), upland cottonseed (0.8% or 76 469 t), coffea arabica (0.8% or 17 081 t), corn - 1st crop (0.6% or 153 684 t), corn - 2nd crop (0.4% or 430 594 t) and beans - 3rd crop (0.0% or 53 t) increased, whereas beans - 2nd crop (-0.7% or -8 957 t), wheat (-0.6% or -48 700 t), beans - 1st crop (-0.4% or -5 138 t) and soybeans (-0.0% or -11 744 t) declined.

Among the Major Regions, the volume of the production of cereals, legumes and oilseeds showed the following distribution: Central-West, 169.9 million tons (51.0%); South, 84.7 million tons (25.4%); Southeast, 29.6 million tons (8.9%), Northeast, 28.2 million tons (8.4%) and North, 20.9 million tons (6.3%).

The main positive changes in production estimates, compared to the previous month, occurred in Paraná (447 100 t), Bahia (177 648 t), Tocantins (108 880 t), Rondônia (12 350 T), Espírito Santo (4 460), Amazonas (623 t) and Rio de Janeiro (38 t), while negative changes occurred in Pernambuco (-16 142 142 t), Ceará (-15 276 t), Sergipe (-9 674 t), Maranhão (-5 334 t), Rio Grande do Norte (-3 814 t), Alagoas (-1 552 t) and Amapá (-680 t).

UPLAND COTTONSEED- The estimate for production was9.3 million tonnes. Compared to the previous month, it grew 0.8%, due to the larger cultivated area. The production estimate was 5.3% higher than the production obtained in 2024, especially the planted area and the area to be harvested, which increased 5.6% each. For 2025, the renewal of the production record was expected.

COFFEE BEAN - Considering the two species, arabica and canephora, the Brazilian production was estimated at 3.5 million tonnes or 57.5 million 60-kg sacks, an increase of 4.0% in relation to the previous month, having the average yield increased 3.6% and the planted area and the area to be harvested grew 0.4%.

The estimated production of coffea arabica was 2.3 million tonnes or 37.5 million 60-kg sacks, an increase of 0.8% against the previous month, and a decline of 6.2% in relation to the volume produced in 2024. The 2025 harvest expects a negative biennial bearing, i.e., a natural drop in the output due to the characteristics of this species, which tends to be more productive in even years, jeopardizing the production in the next year as a consequence of an increased depletion of the plants.

For coffea canephora, the production estimate was 1.2 million tonnes or 20.0 million 60-kg sacks, a growth of 10.8% in relation to the previous month and of 17.3% in relation to the volume produced in 2024, with increases of 5.0% in the area to be harvested and of 11.8% in the average yield in the last comparison. As the prices of conillon have a fair profitability, producers invested more in the crop and in the fertilization, which resulted in an improved productivity. It should also be highlighted that the volumes of rainfall in the major producing municipalities were fair, despite the delay in some of them.

WINTER CEREALS (grain) - The major winter cereals produced in Brazil are wheat, white oat and barley. Concerning wheat (grain), the output should reach 8.0 million tonnes, a decline of 0.6% in relation to the previous month and of 5.9% in relation to 2024. The South Region should account for 86.2% of the national wheat production in 2025. In Rio Grande do Sul, the biggest Brazilian producer, with 47.9% of the total, the production should reach 3.8 million tonnes, 3.2% higher than the volume produced in 2024. The planted area and the area to be harvested should fall 7.6%, while the average yield increased 11.7%. In Paraná, the second biggest Brazilian producer of wheat, with a contribution of 33.6% to the national overall, output was estimated at 2.7 million tonnes, a decline of 1.8% in relation to the previous month and a growth of 13.5% in relation to the volume produced in 2024, when the production was strongly affected by weather problems.  

The output of oat (in grain) was estimated at 1.3 million tonnes, an increase of 1.2% over the previous month and of 24.8% in relation to the volume harvested in 2024. The average yield, of 2,336 kg/ha, remained stable in relation to the previous month, whereas the harvested area should grow 1.2% in this comparison. The average yield and the area to be harvested are increasing 13.3% and 10.1%, respectively, in relation to the previous year. The biggest producers of this cereal were Rio Grande do Sul, with 961.6 thousand tonnes, an increase of 18.9% in relation to the volume harvested in 2024; and Paraná, with 248.0 thousand tonnes, increasing 6.8% over May and 48.9% in relation to 2024. The average yield grew 39.4% in relation to the previous year, with an estimated output of 2,441 kg/ha. The production of Santa Catarina should reach 49.8 thousand tonnes.  

As for barley grain, the estimated output was 545.9 thousand tonnes, an increase of 30.3% in relation to the previous month and of 31.2% in relation to the volume produced in 2024. The planted area grew 12.6%, whereas the average yield increased 16.4% in the annual comparison. The biggest producers of barley were Paraná, with 423.0 thousand tonnes, an increase of 42.9% in relation to May and of 47.3% in relation to 2024 and should account for 77.5% of the Brazilian harvest in 2025; and Rio Grande do Sul, with a production of 101.9 thousand tonnes, a decline of 6.7% in relation to the volume produced in 2024. The output in Rio Grande do Sul should account for 18.7% of the total barley produced in 2025 in Brazil.

BEAN SEED - Considering the three crops, the estimate for the output of beans should reach 3.2 million tonnes, a decline of 0.4% in relation to May and a growth of 4.2% over the 2024 harvest. This production should address the Brazilian domestic consumption in 2025, not requiring importing the product. Paraná was the biggest Brazilian producer of beans, with 865.3 thousand tonnes or 26.8% of share, followed by Minas Gerais, with 530.4 thousand tonnes or 16.4% of share, and Goiás, with 358.9 thousand tonnes or 11.1% of share.

The estimate for the first crop of beans was 1.1 million tonnes, representing 35.4% of the national share among the three crops, being 0.4% smaller than the May´s survey. In this comparison, a decline of 0.6% was noticed in the harvested area and an increase of 0.2% in the average yield. Regarding the geographical regions, the estimate of bean production dropped in the Northeast (-0.9%) and in the South (-0.5%), grew in the Southeast (0.1%) and North (0.5%), and remained stable in the Central-West (0.0%). An increase was registered in the monthly estimate of production in Amazonas (13.1%), Maranhão (0.1%) and Espírito Santo (3.1%), as well as declines in Tocantins (-0.6%), Ceará (-1.2%), Rio Grande do Norte (-12.2%), Pernambuco (-1.1%) and Paraná (-0.6%). The second crop of beans was estimated at 1.2 million tonnes, corresponding to 38.7% of share among the three crops. Compared with May, the production estimate reduced 0.7%, explained by the reduction in the average yield, at this same percentage. The area to be harvested remained unchanged. In the South Region, Paraná was the biggest Brazilian bean producer in this crop, with an estimate of 526.6 thousand tonnes and a share of 42.2% in the national total. Compared to the previous month, the estimate of the production declined 1.4%, due to the 1.3% reduction in the productivity, while the area to be harvested decreased 0.1%. Regarding the volume harvested in 2024, the Paraná production should decline 20.8%, a reflection of the drop of 23.7% in the area to be harvested, as the average yield grew 3.7%. Concerning the third crop of beans, the June´s production estimate was 837.2 thousand tonnes, a growth of 3.4% in relation to 2024. The estimate of Mato Grosso production, of 176.2 thousand tons, should grow 15.6% compared to 2024, with the planted area and the area to be harvested increasing 22.7%, and the average yield declining 5.8%. Mato Grosso production should contribute with 21.0% to the total to be harvested in Brazil at this time. It should be noted that Goiás and Minas Gerais are the Federation Units that mostly contribute to this bean crop, accounting for 29.2% (244.7 thousand tonnes) and 24.3% (203.8 thousand tonnes) of the share, respectively.

CORN (grain) - The production estimate of corn added up to 131.4 million tonnes, representing an increase of 0.4% against the previous month and of 14.6% in relation to the volume produced in 2024. The area to be harvested increased 3.3%, whereas average yield increased 10.9% in this last comparison, and should hit 5,959 kg/ha. In 2024, the output of this cereal was affected by weather problems in several Federation Units and it should recover in 2025.

Corn - 1st crop registered a production estimate of 26.0 million tonnes, an increase of 0.6% in relation to May, and of 13.4% in relation to the volume produced in 2024. In that crop, the planted area should fall 2.2% to 4.7 million hectares, whereas the average yield should grow 18.4%, due to the weather, which has been benefiting the crops in most Federation Units. The estimate grew in all the Brazilian regions: North (22.0%), Northeast (11.4%), Southeast (2.8%), South (20.6%) and Central-West (12.3%).

The estimate for corn - 2nd crop added up to 105.4 million tonnes , a production record. It grew 0.4% compared to the previous month and 14.8% compared to the volume produced in the same period in 2024. In relation to May, the area to be harvested increased 0.3% and the average yield, 0.1%. Compared with the previous year, the area to be harvested grew 5.4% and the average yield, 9.0%. Mato Grosso was the biggest Brazilian producer of corn - 2nd crop, with a share of 46.5% of the overall production. The output should hit 49.0 million tonnes, a growth of 3.1% in relation to the volume harvested in 2024. Paraná was the second biggest Brazilian producer of corn - 2nd crop, participating with 15.7% of the total. The output should hit 16.5 million tonnes, a growth of 31.7% in relation to the production in the previous year. On the other hand, Goiás was the third biggest producer of corn - 2nd crop, participating with 13.8% of the national total. The production should reach 14.5 million tonnes, a growth of 23.7% over the previous year, with increases of 10.2% in the planted area and in the area to be harvested, and of 12.2% in the average yield. Mato Grosso do Sul, the fourth biggest Brazilian producer of corn - 2nd crop, estimated an output of 11.1 million tonnes, an increase of 42.9% in relation to the volume produced in 2024, when the state faced one of the worst droughts over the last years, jeopardizing the production of corn.

SOYBEAN SEED - The national output should reach a new record in 2025, adding up to 165.1 million tonnes, a rise of 13.9% compared with the amount obtained in the previous year. In this survey, a small monthly decrease of 11.7 thousand tons was estimated. As the biggest producer of soybeans in Brazil, Mato Grosso maintained the production estimate in June, with the state output hitting 50.2 million tonnes harvested in 2025, an annual growth of 28.3%. Paraná showed a slight monthly adjustment in the volume produced (-0.3%). The Paraná production was expected to reach 21.3 million tonnes, representing a 14.2% growth compared to the previous year. Goiás also maintained its production estimate of 20.2 million tonnes, an annual growth of 19.1%. Rio Grande do Sul also maintained its estimates of 13.7 million tons, a 25.0% reduction in production compared to the previous year, due to a lower crop productivity (28.2%), severely affected by adverse weather conditions found over the summer period. In Minas Gerais, the estimates were maintained as well, with the crop adding up to 9.2 million tons, a growth of 18.9% compared to the previous crop.