For the fifth consecutive month, the unemployment rate registered by the Monthly Unemployment Survey of the IBGE continued stable (9.6%). In relation to November 2004 (10.6%), the retraction was of one percentage point. The average real income usually earned (R$ 974.50) increased by 0.4% in relation to the previous month and 2.1% in the annual comparison. The income of men and women was estimated in respectively R$ 1,115.50 and R$ 792.50. The employment with a formal contract remained stable in the monthly comparison, although in relation to November 2004 there was change of 3.6%, that equals to more than 281 thousand jobs in this category.

Unemployment continued stable in all the areas

It was estimated, for November 2005, in 9.6% the unemployment rate for the total of the six surveyed areas. This result indicates stability in relation to October (9.6%). In relation to November of the previous year, when the rate was 10.6%, retraction was observed (-1.0 percentage point).

In the analysis by areas, in the comparison with October 2005, significant change was not observed in none of the surveyed areas. In the comparison with November 2004, only the metropolitan area of Recife grew (from 11.2% to 14.7%). The metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte (from 9.2% to 8.2%), Rio de Janeiro (from 9.4% to 7.7%) and São Paulo (from 11.2% to 9.7%) fell in this estimate. In the metropolitan areas of Salvador and Porto Alegre the scenario was of stability.

Evolution of the unemployment rate by metropolitan area

NUMBER OF UNEMPLOYED CONTINUED STABLE

The total of unemployed persons (2.1 million) remained stable in relation to October 2005. In the comparison with same period of the previous year, it was recorded a fall of 9.4%, approximately 220 thousand persons.

In the analysis by areas, in the comparison with October 2005, stability was observed in all the surveyed areas. Comparing with the same period of the previous year change could be observed in Recife (36.9%), Rio de Janeiro, (-18.2%) and São Paulo (-13.9). In the other areas the scenario was of stability.

Women represented, in November 2005, the majority of the unemployed persons: they represented in November 2002, 52.1%, in November 2003, 55.8%, in November 2004, 58.3% and, in November 2005 they reached a participation of 56.5%.

Stands out that among the unemployed, according to the concepts of the survey, according to the age group, 8.1% had between 15 to 17 years old, 37.9% between 18 and 24 years old, 47.3% from 25 to 49 years old and 6.1% 50 years and over.

Still among the unemployed persons, 19.6% were searching for their first job and 26.7% were the main responsible for their family. In relation to the period of search: 21.9% were searching for a period not above 30 days; 43.1%, for a period from 31 days to 6 months; 10.7%, for a period from 7 to 11 months; and 24.3%, for a period of at least 1 year.

In November 2002, 37.6% of the unemployed persons had completed at least secondary instruction, in November 2003, 39.6%, percentage which reached 42.2% in November 2004, and, in the last survey, reached 44.4%.

Unemployed Population, by metropolitan area, according to some characteristics

UNEMPLOYED POPULATION

TOTAL

REC

SAL

BH

RJ

SP

POA

 

GENDER

MASCULINE

43.5

46.8

38.5

44.7

38.0

46.0

45.3

FEMININE

56.5

53.2

61.5

55.3

62.0

54.0

54.7

AGE GROUP

10 TO 14 YEARS OLD

0.5

0.2

0.7

1.0

0.2

0.7

0.2

15 TO 17 YEARS OLD

8.1

4.7

5.7

11.0

4.3

10.6

8.9

18 TO 24 YEARS OLD

37.9

34.6

39.7

36.6

39.0

38.2

36.8

25 TO 49 YEARS OLD

47.3

55.0

47.0

46.0

49.1

44.9

47.9

50 YEARS OLD AND OVER

6.1

5.4

7.0

5.4

7.5

5.6

6.1

YEARS OF STUDY

WITHOUT INSTRUCTION AND LESS THAN 1 YEAR

28.7

34.8

30.6

31.6

29.3

25.3

32.2

WITH 8 TO 10 YEARS

26.9

21.6

25.6

31.1

25.2

28.4

26.9

WITH 11 YEARS OLD AND OVER

44.4

43.7

43.7

37.3

45.5

46.3

41.0

WORKING CONDITIONS

WITH PREVIOUS WORK

80.4

75.4

77.1

79.0

77.5

83.6

83.9

NEVER WORKED

19.6

24.6

22.9

21.0

22.5

16.4

16.1

HOUSEHOLD CONDITIONS:

MAIN RESPONSIBLE OF FAMILY

26.7

28.7

27.8

23.7

24.6

26.8

31.7

OTHER MEMBERS OF FAMILY

73.3

71.3

72.2

76.3

75.4

73.2

68.3

WITH SEARCH OF JOB

IN 7 DAYS

85.8

83.9

82.2

83.1

88.5

86.5

85.9

IN 23 DAYS

14.2

16.1

17.8

16.9

11.5

13.5

14.1

 

PERIOD OF SEARCH

UP TO 30 DAYS

21.9

26.3

22.0

51.2

7.6

20.9

24.7

31 DAYS TO 6 MONTHS

43.1

25.7

38.7

39.2

46.4

46.3

53.0

7 TO 11 MONTHS

10.7

8.5

10.1

4.2

15.6

10.9

8.1

1 YEAR AND LESS THAN 2

12.3

14.9

14.7

3.7

13.6

12.9

8.5

2 YEARS AND OVER

12.0

24.6

14.5

1.6

16.9

9.0

5.7

 

EMPLOYED POPULATION REMAINED STABLE IN ALL AREAS

The number of employed, estimated in 20.1 million in November 2005, did not present change in the comparison with October 2005, but in the annual comparison, it was observed growth of 2.0%, which means, increase of 391 thousand persons.

In the analysis by areas, referring to the monthly comparison, all the areas presented stability in this estimate. In the comparison with the same month of the previous year, it was registered an increment in this estimate in the metropolitan areas of Belo Horizonte (2.9%), Rio de Janeiro (2.1%) and Porto Alegre (3.8%). In the other metropolitan areas the scenario was of stability.

Considering the level of occupation (1) (51.3%), the results showed stability in the labor market, in both comparisons. In the analysis by areas, in both comparisons, the scenario was also of stability in all the areas.

The employment rate (employed population /economically active population), estimated in 90.4% in November 2005, did not present change in the monthly comparison. In the annual comparison elevation of 1.0 percentage point was observed.

The survey showed that men represented, in November 2005, 56.1% of the employed population, while women, 43.9%. The population from 25 to 49 years old were 63.2% of the employed persons. The survey revealed, also, that the percentage of employed persons in November 2005 with 11 years and more of study was 50.3%.

The size of the enterprise is another characteristic observed by the survey, which estimated in 56.7% the proportion of persons working in enterprises with 11 or more persons. In the enterprises from 6 to 10 employed persons, this proportion was 6.7%, while in those enterprise with up to 5 employed persons, the proportion was 36.6%.

According to the Monthly Unemployment Survey, 47.3% of the employed population had in October 2005, 40 to 44 weekly hours of work and approximately 33.8%, above 45 weekly hours. On the average, according to the survey, 67.1% of the workers in the six surveyed areas, had that job for at least 2 years; 11.8% from 1 year to less than 2 years; 19.3% from one month to one year; and only 1.8% were in that job less than 1 month.

Employed Population, by metropolitan area, according to some characteristics

TOTAL

REC

SAL

BH

RJ

SP

POA

GENDER

MASCULINE

56.1

56.7

53.8

55.0

57.4

56.1

54.5

FEMININE

43.9

43.3

46.2

45.0

42.6

43.9

45.5

AGE GROUP

10 TO 14 YEARS OLD

0.3

0.3

0.5

0.3

0.2

0.3

0.2

15 TO 17 YEARS OLD

1.7

1.5

1.7

2.1

1.0

2.0

2.1

18 TO 24 YEARS OLD

16.4

15.8

17.3

18.3

14.1

17.1

17.0

25 TO 49 YEARS OLD

63.2

64.6

65.1

63.6

62.7

62.9

62.8

50 YEARS OLD AND OVER

18.4

17.8

15.4

15.8

22.0

17.7

18.0

YEARS OF STUDY

WITHOUT INSTRUCTION AND LESS THAN 1 YEAR

2.4

3.7

2.7

1.8

2.5

2.4

1.3

WITH 1 TO 3 YEARS

5.4

6.1

6.7

4.8

5.4

5.3

4.7

WITH 4 TO 7 YEARS

23.0

22.5

21.1

25.7

22.1

22.6

25.7

WITH 8 TO 10 YEARS

18.9

16.6

18.0

20.2

19.8

18.1

20.4

WITH 11 YEARS OR MORE

50.3

50.9

51.3

47.3

50.1

51.4

47.8

UNDETERMINED YEARS

0.2

0.3

0.2

0.2

0.1

0.2

0.1

SIZE OF ENTERPRISE

ENTERPRISE WITH 1 TO 5 PERSONS

36.6

42.3

42.9

37.5

41.4

32.3

34.2

ENTERPRISE WITH 6 TO 10 PERSONS

6.7

6.6

6.9

8.3

6.3

6.4

7.5

ENTERPRISE WITH 11 OR MORE PERSONS

56.7

51.1

50.1

54.2

52.3

61.3

58.3

 

Analysis of the results in relation to the main grouping of activities.

 

• Mining and quarrying, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water (17.9% of the employed population).   

 

In the total of six areas, in both comparisons, the number of employed persons in this grouping had stability. In the analysis by areas, in the monthly comparison, a significant change was observed in the metropolitan area of Salvador (8.7%). Compared to November of 2004, change was not observed in this estimate in none of the surveyed metropolitan areas.

 

 

• Construction (7.4% of the employed population) In the total of the six areas, in both comparisons, the total of employed population in this grouping had stability. In the comparison with October of this year, the metropolitan area of Porto Alegre was the only one to have change (10.9%), an increase of approximately 12 thousand workers. In the analysis by areas, a significant change was not observed in none of the surveyed areas in relation to November of the previous year.

   

 

 

 

• Trade, repair of automotive vehicles, personal and domestic objects and retail fuel trade (19.5% of the employed population). The total of employed population in this grouping continued stable in relation to October 2005 as well as to the same month of the previous year. In the analysis by areas, in the comparison with October 2005 and in the annual comparison, stability was observed in all the areas.

   

 

 

 

• Services rendered to companies, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation (14.0% of the employed population). The total of employed population in this grouping of activity continued stable in relation to October 2005 as well as in relation to the same month of the previous year. In the analysis by areas, no area changed in this grouping in relation to the previous year. In the comparison with November 2004, only the metropolitan area of Recife recorded increase (19.0%).

   

 

 

 

• Education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security (15.6% of the employed population) Significant change was registered in the total of employed persons in this grouping for the total of the six areas only in the annual comparison (3.8%). In the analysis by areas, in the comparison with October 2005, the scenario was of stability in all the surveyed areas. In the annual comparison, change was observed only in the metropolitan area of Salvador (8.6%).

   

 

 

 

• Domestic services (8.2% of the employed population). Significant change was registered in the total of employed persons in this grouping, for the total of the six areas only in the annual comparison (4.8%). In the analysis by areas, in the comparison with October 2005, the scenario was of stability in all the surveyed areas. In the annual comparison, change was observed in the metropolitan areas of Recife (-17.3%), Salvador (14.6%), São Paulo (10.5%) and Porto Alegre (12.9%).

   

 

 

 

• Other services (lodging, transportation, urban sanitation and personal services) (16.9% of the employed population). It was observed, for the total of the six areas, a scenario of stability in both comparisons in the total of employed persons in this grouping. In the comparison with October of this year, the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro was the only one to present change (4.1%), an increase of approximately 38 thousand workers. In the analysis by areas, in relation to November of the previous year, a significant change was observed only in the metropolitan area of Recife (-9.6%).

 

        Employed Population, by metropolitan area, according   to groupings of activity

• DISTRIBUTION OF EMPLOYED POPULATION BY GROUPING OF ACTIVITY

TOTAL

REC

SAL

BH

RJ

SP

POA

Industry, water, light and gas

17.9

11.9

11.2

17.4

11.9

22.5

23.1

Construction

7.4

6.5

8.3

8.5

8.0

6.8

6.8

Trade, vehicle rep. Personal objects, etc

19.5

25.8

20.7

19.3

19.4

18.7

18.9

Financial mediation and real estate activities, etc

14.0

12.6

12.0

12.7

15.2

14.4

12.4

Public administration, defense, security, education, health

15.6

19.2

18.8

15.5

17.7

13.1

16.4

Domestic services

8.2

6.8

10.3

9.1

8.0

8.0

7.5

Other services

16.9

16.2

17.8

17.0

19.3

15.9

14.2

Employed population according to classes of workers in the labor market

Employees WITH a formal contract in the private sector (2) (40.3% of the employed population) In relation to October 2005, the number of workers in this category continued stable. Compared to November 2004 a change of 3.6% occurred, which means, an increase of approximately 281 thousand persons. In the analysis by areas, regarding the monthly comparison, change was observed only in the metropolitan area of Rio do Janeiro (4.3%). In the comparison with November 2004, change was registered in the areas of Belo Horizonte (8.8%), Rio de Janeiro (4.5%) and Porto Alegre (7.4%).

Employees WITHOUT a formal contract in the private sector (2) (15.7% of the employed population) This estimate continued stable in the monthly and annual comparison. In the analysis by areas, in the monthly comparison, there was not observed change in none of the areas surveyed. In the annual comparison, change was observed only in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte (-14.0%).

Self-employed workers (19.4% of the employed population). There was not observed change in the total of the six areas in none comparison. In the analysis by areas, in the monthly comparison, change was observed only in the metropolitan area of Belo Horizonte (7.1%). In the annual comparison, change was recorded in the metropolitan area of Salvador (-8.8%).

Indicators of distribution of employed population - PO,
by metropolitan area, according to classes of workers

Distribution of employed population by classes of workers

TOTAL

REC

SAL

BH

RJ

SP

POA

With formal contract (Private sector)

40.3

33.6

33.9

42.5

38.2

42.3

43.9

Without formal contract (Private sector)

15.7

15.8

15

12.8

14

17.9

13.3

Self employed

19.4

22.1

23.2

18.9

22.7

16.8

17.5

Employer

5.0

5.0

4.0

5.0

4.5

5.5

5.2

AVERAGE REAL INCOME (3)

The survey estimated, for the total of the six areas, the average real income usually earned in R$ 974.50, presenting change of 0.4% in relation to October 2005. In the comparison with November of the previous year, the scenario was also of recovery (2.1%).

In the analysis by areas, in relation to October 2005, the scenario was of fall in the metropolitan areas of Recife (-3.8%), Rio de Janeiro (-0.9%) and Porto Alegre (-2.0%). The metropolitan areas of Salvador (0.5%) and São Paulo (2.2%) had recovery and in Belo Horizonte stability was observed.

The analysis by areas, in the annual comparison, showed a scenario of recovery in the following metropolitan areas: Recife (3.2%), Salvador (10.7%), Belo Horizonte (0.5%) Rio de Janeiro (3.2%) and São Paulo (2.1%). In Porto Alegre there was fall of 2.8%.

Average Real Income of Employed Population, by Metropolitan Area

 

Month/Year

 

TOTAL

Recife

Salvador

Belo Horizonte

Rio de Janeiro

São Paulo

Porto Alegre

Nov/03

930.17

646.24

725.04

823.79

874.52

1.057.64

943.18

Dec/03

919.40

623.78

755.83

807.53

863.42

1.039.88

945.95

Jan/04

936.59

641.84

738.48

829.38

851.11

1.073.39

980.20

Feb/04

941.65

614.78

744.64

819.70

860.81

1.094.00

939.38

Mar/04

954.88

609.77

750.05

831.50

904.38

1.092.48

951.19

Apr/04

946.55

611.43

749.86

826.40

916.66

1.071.06

935.18

May/04

939.70

604.90

724.90

808.23

872.68

1.092.89

903.18

Jun/04

957.07

650.83

727.39

827.91

874.95

1.110.44

949.28

Jul/04

963.14

683.12

743.48

839.11

901.55

1.101.84

975.48

Aug/04

949.46

704.47

727.99

853.80

877.72

1.085.60

963.45

Sep/04

965.69

704.34

743.60

859.26

908.60

1.103.45

955.21

Oct/04

953.94

692.19

734.82

843.85

907.01

1.085.54

939.91

Nov/04

954.65

670.14

726.37

834.39

908.50

1.086.55

964.40

Dec/04

937.00

652.54

728.75

815.27

895.85

1.064.87

938.20

Jan/05

957.20

637.70

719.42

849.25

924.23

1.092.89

934.57

Feb/05

966.42

661.29

717.75

851.97

914.21

1.109.58

967.97

Mar/05

971.40

640.83

742.98

857.34

909.48

1.124.30

930.41

Apr/05

954.38

671.42

731.75

869.18

899.14

1.087.09

916.83

May/05

940.16

650.32

703.30

860.65

870.65

1.083.55

914.51

Jun/05

954.35

685.26

719.60

865.85

880.45

1.098.55

930.71

Jul/05

978.18

718.07

743.10

877.37

898.97

1.131.73

935.47

Aug/05

984.74

719.13

776.37

861.72

925.26

1.128.63

945.77

Set/05

984.68

769.01

802.24

864.81

924.34

1.115.19

954.97

Oct/05

970.88

718.63

799.94

841.30

946.06

1.084.91

956.53

Nov/05

974.50

691.50

803.80

838.40

937.80

1.108.90

937.00

 

Income of classes of workers in the MONTHLY COMPARISON

For the total of six areas, in the monthly comparison, the following scenario was registered:

 

• Stability in the income of employees with a formal contract in the private sector

 

, with an average income being estimated in R$ 963.00 in November. Only the metropolitan areas of Recife (-3.7%) Belo Horizonte (-4.7%) and Porto Alegre (-4.6%) had losses in this category. The other areas had recovery: Salvador (6.2%), Rio de Janeiro (0.7%) and São Paulo (2.2%).

 

 

 

• Recuperation of income in the category employees without a formal contract in the private sector,

 

with average income being estimated in R$ 668.40 in November compared to R$ 643.97 in October (change of 3.8%). The metropolitan areas of Recife (3.7%), Belo Horizonte (8.2%), São Paulo (7.1%) and Porto Alegre (1.0%) registered gain in the income of this category. In the areas of Salvador (-1.9%) and Rio de Janeiro (-3.3%), the scenario was of loss.

 

 

 

• Fall in the income for the category of self-employed workers.

 

The change was (-2.6%), with the average income changing from R$ 803.76 to R$ 782.70. The metropolitan areas of Salvador (0.8%), Belo Horizonte (4.1%) and Rio de Janeiro (2.9%), registered gain in the income of this category. In the areas of Recife (-8.0%), São Paulo (-6.4%) and Porto Alegre (-2.6%) the scenario was of loss.

 

 

Changes of average real income usually earned of employed population, according to classes of workers

Classes of workers

 

November 2004

 

October 2005

 

November 2005

 

Monthly change

 

Annual change

 

Employees with a formal contract in the private sector

966.89

960.13

963.00

0.3%

-0.4%

Employees without a formal contract in the private sector

642.20

643.97

668.40

3.8%

4.1%

Self-employed workers

743.71

803.76

782.70

-2.6%

5.2%

 

Analysis of average income of workers by grouping of activity

 

In the comparison with October 2005, were observed:

 

• stability

 

in the average real income of workers, of the grouping of activity and

other services (lodging, transportation, urban sanitation and personal services)and domestic services;

 

 

 

• rise

 

in the real average income of workers, of the following groupings of activity:

mining and quarrying, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water

(0.5%);

construction

(9.9%);

education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security

(2.6%);

 

 

 

• fall

 

in the real average income (usually earned) of workers in the following groupings:

trade

,

repair of automotive vehicles, personal and domestic objects and retail fuel trade

(-0,8%) and

services rendered to companies, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation

(-1.3%).

 

 

In the comparison with November 2004, were observed:

 

• stability

 

in the average real income of workers by the grouping of activity

other services (lodging, transportation, urban sanitation and personal services);

 

 

 

• rise

 

in the average real income usually earned by workers in the grouping of activities:

mining and quarrying, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water

(6.2%);

trade

,

repair of automotive vehicles, personal and domestic objects and retail fuel trade

(3.6%);

education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security

(-2.3%) and

domestic services

(6.9%);

 

 

 

• fall

 

in the average real income usually earned of workers in the grouping of activity:

construction

(-2.1%);

services rendered to companies, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation

(-0.6%).

 

 

The following graph shows the changes of real average income usually earned by the employed population, according to the groupings of activity.

AVERAGE REAL INCOME USUALLY EARNED

 

Grouping of economic activity

November 2004

October 2005

November 2005

Monthly change

 

Annual change

Employed Population

954.65

970.88

974.50

0.4%

2.1%

Mining and quarrying, manufacturing and distribution of electricity, gas and water

954.75

1.008.87

1.014.40

0.5%

6.2%

Construction

725.67

645.98

710.10

9.9%

-2.1%

Trade, repair of automotive vehicle and personal and domestic objects and retail fuel trade

773.15

807.08

800.70

-0.8%

3.6%

Services rendered to companies, rents, real estate activities and financial mediation

1.422.42

1.432.36

1.413.30

-1.3%

-0.6%

Education, health, social services, public administration, defense and social security

1.320.38

1.316.69

1.350.90

2.6%

2.3%

Domestic services

325.32

347.61

347.90

0.1%

6.9%

Other services (lodging, transportation, urban sanitation and personal services)

856.72

857.42

854.80

-0.3%

-0.2%

PERSONS IN ACTIVE AGE (PIA)

The survey, carried out in Recife, Salvador, Belo Horizonte, Rio de Janeiro, São Paulo and Porto Alegre, registered a total of 39 million persons in active age (persons 10 years old and over). This number represented a change of 0.4% in relation to October 2005 and 2.1% in the comparison with November 2004, which means, an increment of 799 thousand persons in active age.

In the analysis by gender, it could be observed that women represented in November 2005, the majority of the population in active age, 53.2%, while men, 46.8%. The population in active age was distributed according to the age group in the following way: 9.1% from 10 to 14 years old, 6.1% from 15 to 17 years old, 14.9% from 18 to 24 years old, 44.4% from 25 to 49 years old, and 25.5% from 50 years old and over. The youth group from 16 to 24 years old, target population of the First Job Program, represented, in November 2005, 19.1%

of the PIA.

ECONOMICALLY ACTIVE PERSONS (PEA)

In the sum of the six areas, the total of persons in labor force was estimated, in November 2005, in 22.3 million, not presenting change in the monthly and annual comparisons. The survey did not register change in the activity rate in the monthly comparison (56.8%) (proportion of economically active persons in relation to the number of persons 10 years old and over). In the comparison with November 2004, this indicator fell by 0.7 percentage point, due, mainly, to the reduction in the total of unemployed persons.

In the analysis by gender, it could be observed that men represented, in November 2005, the majority of the population economically active (54.8%), while women, 45.2%. The distribution of the economically active population by age group indicated that: 0.3% were in the group from 10 to 14 years old; 2.3%, from 15 to 17 years old; 18.5%, from 18 to 24 years old; 61.7%, from 25 to 49 years old and 17.3%, from 50 years old and over. The youth group from 16 to 24 years old, target population of the First Job Program, represented, in November 2005, 20.4% of the PEA.

In the analysis by areas, the total of persons economically active, in the comparison with October 2005, had stability in all the metropolitan areas. Among the economically active, 46.3% were the main responsible for their household.

Economic Active Population by metropolitan area, according to some characteristics

ECONOMIC ACTIVE POPULATION

TOTAL

REC

SAL

BH

RJ

SP

POA

GENDER:

MASCULINE

54.8

55.3

51.5

54.2

56.0

55.1

53.8

FEMININE

45.2

44.7

48.5

45.8

44.0

44.9

46.2

AGE GROUP:

10 TO 14 YEARS OLD

0.3

0.2

0.5

0.3

0.2

0.4

0.2

15 TO 17 YEARS OLD

2.3

2.0

2.3

2.8

1.3

2.8

2.6

18 TO 24 YEARS OLD

18.5

18.6

20.7

19.8

16.0

19.1

18.4

25 TO 49 YEARS OLD

61.7

63.2

62.4

62.1

61.7

61.1

61.8

50 YEARS OLD AND OVER

17.3

16.0

14.1

14.9

20.9

16.5

17.1

 

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1 Proportion of employed persons in relation to the population in active age.

 

2 Excluding private household worker, military, public and statutory servants and other employees in the public sector.

 

3 Income usually earned