The Extended National Consumer Price Index (IPCA) of September changed by 0.08%, well below the 0.44% of August, and is the lowest index since the rate of July 2014 (0.01%). Regarding months of September, there has not been a lowest IPCA record since 1998, when the index was -0.22%. With this result, the cumulative index in the year was 5.51%, below the 7.64% registered in the same period in the previous year. Considering the last 12 months, the rate fell to 8.48%, below the 8.97% of the previous 12 months. In September 2015, the IPCA was 0.54%. Click here to see the complete publication.

Among the nine groups of products and services which form the index, only three recorded acceleration of the price rise rate, versus results of August 2016: housing (from 0.30% in August to 0.63% in September), wearing apparel (from 0.15% to 0.43%) and communication (from -0.02% to 0.18%).

The item food, which had a cumulative increase of 9.11% from January to August and recorded the biggest decrease among all groups in September (-0.29%), resulting in an 8.80% for the year. The lowest individual contributions came from the metropolitan areas of Vitória (-0.98%) and Curitiba (-0.96%). Five of the 13 areas surveyed recorded increase in terms of group results, being the highest rate that of Belém (0.53%). Considering food at home, the decrease was 0.60%, whereas food away from home rose 0.33%.

Most of the items surveyed recorded deceleration of price rise or even fall of prices from one month to the other. The prices of milkl, which have risen significantly since the beginning of the year fell by 7.89% and generated an impact of -0.10 percentage points in the monthly index, the most significant impact downwards.

Among the rising food prices, the main highlight was that of meats. With a contribution of 2.70% in the family budget, it rose by 1.43% and generated an impact of 0.04 percentage points, the highest IPCA in the month.

Household articles (-0.23%) and transportation (-0.10%) also recorded decrease. Air fares (-2.39%), used cars (-1.50%) and gasoline (-0.40%), were the main contributions to transportation. In household articles, downward influences came from TV, sound and computer equipment and furniture (-0.65%).

In terms of hike, housing (0.63%) reached the highest group result in the month. That resulted from bottled gas (3.92%), the main individual impact on the monthly index, 0.04 percentage points, as well as meats. Except for the metropolitan area of Belém, which recorded decrease of 1.46%, gas prices rose in all the areas surveyed, ranging from 0.64% in Belo Horizonte to 11.84% in Recife. Condominium fees (0.91%) and manpower for small repair (0.87%) were other highlights.

Other relevant items in terms of this month's IPCA were: excursions (2.09%), animal feed (1.42%), footwear (1.23%), hairdresser’s (1.19%), health insurance (1.07%), intercity buses (0.88%), domestic workers (0.87%), ethanol (0.83%), vehicle licensing (0.81%), manicuring (0.69%) and fixed telephony (0.63%).

As for the items with falling prices, the main highlights were hotel (-6.53%) and cigarettes (-3.32%).

In terms of regional indexes, Campo Grande (0.48%) recorded the highest result, where seven of the nine groups surveyed recorded rates above the national average. The lowest index was that of the metropolitan area of Rio de Janeiro (-0.17%), influenced by the decrease of 29.9% in hotel room rate, after a hike of 111.23% in August due to the Olympic Games.

The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) changed by 0.08% in September and was below the rate of 0.31% of August. With this result, the cumulative index in the year was 6.18%, below the 8.24% registered in the same period in the previous year. Considering the last twelve months, the index was 9.15%, below the 9.62% relative to the immediately previous 12 months. In September 2015, the INPC was 0.51%.

INPC changes 0.08% in September

The National Consumer Price Index (INPC) changed by 0.08% in September and was below the rate of 0.31% of August. With this result, the cumulative index in the year was 6.18%, below the 8.24% registered in the same period in the previous year. Considering the last twelve months, the index was 9.15%, below the 9.62% relative to the immediately previous 12 months. In September 2015, the INPC was 0.51%.

Food products recorded decrease of -0.25% in September, whereas, in August, the change had been 0.28%. The item non-food products changed by 0.23% in September and was below the August rate (0.32%).

Among the regional index, Fortaleza recorded the best result (0.51%) and Vitória (-0.23%), the lowest.

The INPC has been calculated by IBGE since 1979. It refers to families with monthly income of 01 to 05 minimum wages, whatever the source. It encompasses ten metropolitan areas in the country, besides Brasília and the municipalities of Goiânia and Campo Grande. In order to estimate the index of September, the prices collected from August 31 to September 28, 2016 (reference) were compared with those in force from July 29 to August 30, 2016 (base).