Continuous PNAD: unemployment rate is 12.0% in Q4 2016 and yearly average closes at 11.5%
January 31, 2017 01h19 PM | Last Updated: January 17, 2018 05h16 PM
| Indicator / Period | Oct-Nov-Dec 2016 |
Jul-Aug-Sept 2016 |
Oct-Nov-Dec 2015 |
Averages 2016 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Unemployement rate |
12% |
11.8% |
9.0% |
11.5% |
|
Usual real earnings |
R$ 2,043 |
R$$ 2,026 |
R$ 2,033 |
R$ 2,029 |
|
Change of usual real earnings in relation to: |
0.8% |
0.5% |
-2.3% |
|
In the fourth moving quarter of 2016, the unemployment rate for Brazil (12.0%) remained stable in relation to the third moving quarter of 2016 (11.8%) and increased 3.1 percentage points (p.p.) against the fourth moving quarter of 2015 (9.0%). It was the highest rate in the time series, started in 2012.
The unemployed population in Brazil (12.3 million persons) rose 2.7% against the quarter from July to September 2016 (12.0 million) and increased 36.0% (or more 3.3 million persons) in relation to the same quarter of 2015.
The employed population (90.3 million) rose 0.5% in relation to the previous quarter and declined (-2.1% or less 2.0 million persons) in relation to the fourth quarter of 2015. About 34.0 million persons employed in the private sector had a formal labor contract. This contingent remained stable in the quarter and retreated in the year (-3.9% or less 1.4 million persons).
The average usual real earnings of workers (R$2,043) remained stable in relation to the previous quarter (R$2,026) and also in relation to the same quarter in 2015 (R$2,033).
The usual real wage bill (R$180.0 billion) increased (1.2%) against the previous quarter (R$177.8 billion) and remained stable in relation to the same quarter in 2015 (R$182.2 billion).
Concerning the annual averages, the average unemployment rate in 2016 stayed at 11.5%, above the rate of 8.5% in 2015. The unemployed population changed from 8.6 million – the average in 2015 – to 11.8 million in 2016, a rise of 37%. The employed population dropped from 92.1 million persons to 90.4 million. The number of employed persons in the private sector with a formal contract retreated (-3.9%), changing from 35.7 million persons in 2015 to 34.3 million in 2016. The average usual real earnings from all jobs retracted 2.3% between 2015 and 2016, dropping from R$2,076 to R$2,029. The usual real wage bill decreased 3.5%, from R$185,354 million to R$178,865 million.
The complete publication of the Continuous PNAD can be accessed here.
Graph 1 - Unemployment rate of persons aged 14 and over, in the week of reference - Brazil - 2012/2016 (in %)
Source: IBGE, Diretoria de Pesquisas, Coordenação de Trabalho e Rendimento, Pesquisa Nacional por Amostra de Domicílios Contínua.
Employed persons
The contingent of employed persons was estimated at about 90.3 million in the quarter from October to December 2016. The contingent of persons employed in the private sector with a formal contract, estimated at 34.0 million persons, remained stable when compared with the quarter between July and September 2016. The comparison with the quarter from October to December 2015 registered a drop of 3.9%, which represented a decrease of about 1.4 million persons with a formal contract.
In the period between October and December 2016, the categories of those employed in the private sector without a formal contract (10.5 million persons) rose 2.4% in relation to the quarter from July to September 2016 (more 248 thousand persons). A similar behavior occurred in the same period a year ago, which rose 4.8%, i.e., an increase of 481 thousand persons.
The category of those self-employed (22.1 million persons) expanded 1.3% against the quarter between July and September 2016 (more 274 thousand persons). The comparison with the same period in the previous year recorded a drop (3.4% or less 784 thousand persons).
The contingent of employers, estimated at 4.1 million persons, remained stable against the immediately previous quarter. In relation to the same period a year ago, this contingent rose 4.8% (more 190 thousand persons).
The category of domestic workers, estimated at 6.1 million persons, remained stable both in relation to the quarter from July to September 2016 and against the quarter between October and December 2015.
Groups of activity
The analysis of the contingent of employed persons, according to the groups of activity, of the moving quarter from October to December 2016 in relation to the quarter between July and September 2016, posted a retraction in Public administration, defense, social security, education, human health and social services (1.3% or less 199 thousand persons) and an expansion in Trade, repair of motor vehicles and motorcycles (3.3% or more 559 thousand persons), Transportation, storage and mailing (2.5% or more 110 thousand persons) and Housing and food (3.1% or more 145 thousand persons). The other groups remained stable.
The comparison with the quarter from October to December 2015 reported a reduction in the following groups: Agriculture, Livestock, Forestry, Fishing and Aquiculture, -4.5% ( less 417 thousand persons), Overall Industry, -7.7% (less 955 thousand persons), Construction, -10.8% ( less 857 thousand persons), and Domestic services, -3.7% (less 238 thousand persons). And the group of Housing and Food rose 5.4% (more 247 thousand persons). The other groups remained unchanged.
Earnings
The average usual real earnings from all jobs of employed persons were estimated at R$2,043 in the quarter between October and December 2016, remaining stable against the quarter from July to September 2016 (R$2,026). A stable picture was also registered in relation to the same quarter a year ago (R$2,033).
Having dropped 3.7%, persons employed in the private sector without a formal contract was the only employment type that recorded a fall in the average usual real earnings in relation to the quarter between July and September 2016. Persons employed in the public sector was the employment type that raised the average real earnings (2.2%). The other categories remained unchanged. In the comparison with the quarter from October to December 2015, those Self-employed dropped in this estimate (-3.5%). The changes in the other categories were not significant.
Overall Industry was the only group of activities that posted a change in the average usual real earnings both in the comparison with the quarter between July and September 2016 and against the quarter from October to December 2015, reporting a drop of 3.9% in the earnings in relation to the immediately previous quarter and of 4.6% in relation to the same quarter a year ago. This estimate remained stable in all other groups of activity.